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Critical Review of Subclinical Atherosclerosis: Perspectives on Medical Imaging Around the Carotid Intima Media

Received: 27 March 2022     Accepted: 25 April 2022     Published: 12 May 2022
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Abstract

Background and aims: This review article was conducted for educational purposes to address a general overview of subclinical atherosclerosis, with the aim of reducing information bias with valid and reliable data around subclinical atherosclerosis with medical imaging perspectives around the carotid intima media. Methods: The steps summarizing the flowchart of information selection related to the use of engines providing English and French publications between 1997 and 2022 were followed. Results: The given results relevant to the history, morphology, atherogenesis, epidemioclinics (morbidity and mortality), anatomophysiology and morphopathology (circulating markers and biomarkers of endothelial damage, endothelium and structural markers, function of the endothelium, histopathological alterations, pathophysiology/ chronobiology/ atherogenesis, etiopathogeny of carotid atherosclerosis by medical imaging/ definition of complex interactions with cardiometabolic markers/mediators. Conclusion: Understanding the stages of atherosclerosis will enable the clinician and radiologist to improve the management of ischemic heart disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular pathology.

Published in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research (Volume 6, Issue 2)
DOI 10.11648/j.ccr.20220602.13
Page(s) 60-74
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Atherosclerosis, Medical Imaging, Carotid Intima Media

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    Yanda Tongo Stéphane, Longo-Mbenza Benjamin, Lelo Tshikwela Michel, Makulo Risasi Jean Robert, Molua Aundu Antoine, et al. (2022). Critical Review of Subclinical Atherosclerosis: Perspectives on Medical Imaging Around the Carotid Intima Media. Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research, 6(2), 60-74. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20220602.13

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    Yanda Tongo Stéphane; Longo-Mbenza Benjamin; Lelo Tshikwela Michel; Makulo Risasi Jean Robert; Molua Aundu Antoine, et al. Critical Review of Subclinical Atherosclerosis: Perspectives on Medical Imaging Around the Carotid Intima Media. Cardiol. Cardiovasc. Res. 2022, 6(2), 60-74. doi: 10.11648/j.ccr.20220602.13

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    AMA Style

    Yanda Tongo Stéphane, Longo-Mbenza Benjamin, Lelo Tshikwela Michel, Makulo Risasi Jean Robert, Molua Aundu Antoine, et al. Critical Review of Subclinical Atherosclerosis: Perspectives on Medical Imaging Around the Carotid Intima Media. Cardiol Cardiovasc Res. 2022;6(2):60-74. doi: 10.11648/j.ccr.20220602.13

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ccr.20220602.13,
      author = {Yanda Tongo Stéphane and Longo-Mbenza Benjamin and Lelo Tshikwela Michel and Makulo Risasi Jean Robert and Molua Aundu Antoine and Kisoka Lusunsi Christian and Mawalala Malengele Héritier and Monkondjimobe Etienne},
      title = {Critical Review of Subclinical Atherosclerosis: Perspectives on Medical Imaging Around the Carotid Intima Media},
      journal = {Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research},
      volume = {6},
      number = {2},
      pages = {60-74},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ccr.20220602.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20220602.13},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ccr.20220602.13},
      abstract = {Background and aims: This review article was conducted for educational purposes to address a general overview of subclinical atherosclerosis, with the aim of reducing information bias with valid and reliable data around subclinical atherosclerosis with medical imaging perspectives around the carotid intima media. Methods: The steps summarizing the flowchart of information selection related to the use of engines providing English and French publications between 1997 and 2022 were followed. Results: The given results relevant to the history, morphology, atherogenesis, epidemioclinics (morbidity and mortality), anatomophysiology and morphopathology (circulating markers and biomarkers of endothelial damage, endothelium and structural markers, function of the endothelium, histopathological alterations, pathophysiology/ chronobiology/ atherogenesis, etiopathogeny of carotid atherosclerosis by medical imaging/ definition of complex interactions with cardiometabolic markers/mediators. Conclusion: Understanding the stages of atherosclerosis will enable the clinician and radiologist to improve the management of ischemic heart disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular pathology.},
     year = {2022}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Critical Review of Subclinical Atherosclerosis: Perspectives on Medical Imaging Around the Carotid Intima Media
    AU  - Yanda Tongo Stéphane
    AU  - Longo-Mbenza Benjamin
    AU  - Lelo Tshikwela Michel
    AU  - Makulo Risasi Jean Robert
    AU  - Molua Aundu Antoine
    AU  - Kisoka Lusunsi Christian
    AU  - Mawalala Malengele Héritier
    AU  - Monkondjimobe Etienne
    Y1  - 2022/05/12
    PY  - 2022
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20220602.13
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ccr.20220602.13
    T2  - Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research
    JF  - Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research
    JO  - Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research
    SP  - 60
    EP  - 74
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2578-8914
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20220602.13
    AB  - Background and aims: This review article was conducted for educational purposes to address a general overview of subclinical atherosclerosis, with the aim of reducing information bias with valid and reliable data around subclinical atherosclerosis with medical imaging perspectives around the carotid intima media. Methods: The steps summarizing the flowchart of information selection related to the use of engines providing English and French publications between 1997 and 2022 were followed. Results: The given results relevant to the history, morphology, atherogenesis, epidemioclinics (morbidity and mortality), anatomophysiology and morphopathology (circulating markers and biomarkers of endothelial damage, endothelium and structural markers, function of the endothelium, histopathological alterations, pathophysiology/ chronobiology/ atherogenesis, etiopathogeny of carotid atherosclerosis by medical imaging/ definition of complex interactions with cardiometabolic markers/mediators. Conclusion: Understanding the stages of atherosclerosis will enable the clinician and radiologist to improve the management of ischemic heart disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular pathology.
    VL  - 6
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Internal Medicine, Radiology Service, University Clinic of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

  • Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Service, University Clinic of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

  • Department of Internal Medicine, Radiology Service, University Clinic of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

  • Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology Service, University Clinic of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

  • Department of Internal Medicine, Radiology Service, University Clinic of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

  • Department of Public Health, Lomo University for Research, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

  • Department of Internal Medicine, Radiology Service, University Clinic of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

  • Faculty of Health Sciences, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo

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