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Prevalence of Subclinical Mastitis from Milking Dairy Goat Species Reared in Different Climatic Conditions in Morogoro Region

Received: 24 December 2021     Accepted: 4 February 2022     Published: 29 March 2022
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Abstract

A total of 96 dairy goats kidding once and primiparous of Toggernburg (T) and Norwegian white (NW) breeds were involved in this study. Study was carried in Morogoro municipality (N=37: T=16, NW=21), Mgeta in Mvomero district (N=44: T=14, NW=30) and Gairo town in Gairo distric (N=15: T=6, NW=9). The prevalence of subclinical mastitis (SCM) was determined using California Mastitis Test (CMT). A total of 192 composite milk samples (one sample per teat) were aseptically collected from each quarter of the apparently health dairy goat and screened by using California Mastitis Reagent which contain Alkyary sulphate and Bromcresol purple. The milk samples that scored 0, Trace (T), and +1 were considered as negative, while the samples with the scores +2 or +3 were taken as positive and used in the screening test. From Morogoro Municipality, the prevalence was 31.08% (23/74), right quarters (RQ) having 18.92% (14/74) and left quarters (LQ) with 12.16% (9/74). In Mgeta, out of 88 samples, 37.5% (33/88) were positive for mastitis, RQ 23.86% (21/88) while the LQ had 13.64% (12/88). Dairy goats from different farmers at Gairo had 33.33% (10/30), RQ had 20% (6/30) while for the LQ were 10% (3/30). Overall prevalence in all three studied areas was 34.38% (66/192) whereby for the right quarters were 21.35% (41/192) and left quarters 12.5% (24/192). Regarding prevalence within the breeds, T breed had 25% (18/72) within the breed and 9.38% (18/192) of the total milk samples while in NW had 40% (48/120) and 25% respectively. From these findings it is concluded that right quarters of the udder were mostly affected with subclinical mastitis than left quarters. NW breed is more susceptible to SCM than T. Farmers should be educated on this disease and education should include proper managerial practice especially avoiding risk factors such as poor hygiene of the udder and personnel, care of the injuries on the teats and proper milking. Regular screening of milking goats with CMT using expert and proper treatment of the Clinical Mastitis should be advocated. Bacteria causing mastitis should be isolated and tested for their Antimicrobial Resistance by using commonly used antimicrobials in the study areas.

Published in Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (Volume 7, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.bsi.20220701.13
Page(s) 12-17
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Subclinical Mastitis, Left and Right Teats, Toggernburg, Norwegian White, Calfonia Mastitis Test, Morogoro, Tanzania

References
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[2] Bergonier, D., Crémoux, R. D., Rupp, R., Lagriffoul, G. and Berthelot, X. (2003) Mastitis of dairy small ruminants. Vet. Res., 34: 689-716.
[3] Bourabah, A., Ayad, A., Boukraa, L., Hammoudi, S. M. and Benbarek, H. (2013) Prevalence and etiology of subclinical mastitis in goats of the Tiaret region, Algeria. Glob. Vet., 11 (5): 604-608.
[4] Contreras, A., Sierra, D., Sanchez, A., Corrales, J. C., Marcoc, J. C., Paape, M. J. and Gonzalo, C. (2007) Mastitis in small ruminants. Small Rum. Res., 68: 145-153.
[5] Haftay, A., Habtamu, T. M and Abebe, M. S (2016); Bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility of subclinical mastitis causing bacteria from goats in Aba’lla district, North – Eastern Ethiopia.
[6] Hase P, S. Digraskar M. J. Saxena, K. Ravikanth, M. Dandale and Shivi Maini (2013). Management of Bovine Subclinical Mastitis with Mastilep Gel International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology Vol. 2 (4) pp. 064-067.
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[11] McDougall S., Supré K., Vliegher S. D (2010). Diagnosis and treatment of subclinical mastitis in early lactation in dairy goats. J Dairy Sci 93: 4710-4721.
[12] Mishra, A. K., Shalini, Sharma, N., Kumar, A. and Shivasharanappa, N. (2014) Prevalence of subclinical mastitis in different breeds of goats. Vet. Pract., 15 (1): 140-141.
[13] Moshi, N: G. G. c. Kifaro and U. M. Minga (1998). Prevalence of Mastitis in Ddiry Goats on Some Selected Farms in Morogoro and. Arusba, Tanzania. Tanzania J. Agric. Sc. Vol. I No. 2, 173-180.
[14] Muhammad Usman Bashir, Akhlaq Hussain, Fatima Bibi, Benish Jamal, Shazia Mansoor, Mian Walid Layaq and Muhammad Babar Saleem (2020). Prevalence of sub-clinical mastitis in cattle & goats and antibiotic sensitivity of their isolates in district Kohat-Pakistan Int. J. Biosci. 16 (6), 227-234 http://dx.doi.org/10.12692/ijb/16.6.235-240
[15] Ndegwa E. N, Mulei C. M. andMunyua S. J. M (2000), Prevalence of subclinical mastitis in dairy goats in Kenya; Journal of South African Vet. Association.
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[18] Sarker, H. and M. A. Samad (2011). Udder-Halve-Wise Comparative Prevalence of Clinical and Subclinical Mastitis in Lactating Goats with Their Bacterial Pathogens and Antibiotic Sensitivity Patterns in Bangladesh. Bangl. J. Vet. Med. 09 (2): 137 – 143.
[19] Sazeda Akter, Mizanur Rahman, Abu Sayeed, Nurul Islam, Delower Hossain, Ahasanul Hoque, Gerrit Koop (2020) Prevalence, aetiology and risk factors of subclinical mastitis in goats in Bangladesh. Small Ruminant Research Article 106046. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2020.106046
[20] Shastri GS (2001). Prevalence, diagnosis, milk chemistry and treatment of subclinical mastitis in Holstein Friesian crossbreds. M. V. Sc. thesis submitted to MAU, Parbhani pp 167.
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[23] Virdis, S., Scarano, C., Cossu, F., Spanu, V., Spanu, C. and de Santis, E. P. L. (2010) Antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase negative Staphylococci isolated from goats with subclinical mastitis. Vet. Med. Int., 2010: 517060.
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    Nyoni Hamis Salum, Katakweba Abdul. (2022). Prevalence of Subclinical Mastitis from Milking Dairy Goat Species Reared in Different Climatic Conditions in Morogoro Region. Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, 7(1), 12-17. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bsi.20220701.13

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    ACS Style

    Nyoni Hamis Salum; Katakweba Abdul. Prevalence of Subclinical Mastitis from Milking Dairy Goat Species Reared in Different Climatic Conditions in Morogoro Region. Biomed. Stat. Inform. 2022, 7(1), 12-17. doi: 10.11648/j.bsi.20220701.13

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    AMA Style

    Nyoni Hamis Salum, Katakweba Abdul. Prevalence of Subclinical Mastitis from Milking Dairy Goat Species Reared in Different Climatic Conditions in Morogoro Region. Biomed Stat Inform. 2022;7(1):12-17. doi: 10.11648/j.bsi.20220701.13

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  • @article{10.11648/j.bsi.20220701.13,
      author = {Nyoni Hamis Salum and Katakweba Abdul},
      title = {Prevalence of Subclinical Mastitis from Milking Dairy Goat Species Reared in Different Climatic Conditions in Morogoro Region},
      journal = {Biomedical Statistics and Informatics},
      volume = {7},
      number = {1},
      pages = {12-17},
      doi = {10.11648/j.bsi.20220701.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bsi.20220701.13},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.bsi.20220701.13},
      abstract = {A total of 96 dairy goats kidding once and primiparous of Toggernburg (T) and Norwegian white (NW) breeds were involved in this study. Study was carried in Morogoro municipality (N=37: T=16, NW=21), Mgeta in Mvomero district (N=44: T=14, NW=30) and Gairo town in Gairo distric (N=15: T=6, NW=9). The prevalence of subclinical mastitis (SCM) was determined using California Mastitis Test (CMT). A total of 192 composite milk samples (one sample per teat) were aseptically collected from each quarter of the apparently health dairy goat and screened by using California Mastitis Reagent which contain Alkyary sulphate and Bromcresol purple. The milk samples that scored 0, Trace (T), and +1 were considered as negative, while the samples with the scores +2 or +3 were taken as positive and used in the screening test. From Morogoro Municipality, the prevalence was 31.08% (23/74), right quarters (RQ) having 18.92% (14/74) and left quarters (LQ) with 12.16% (9/74). In Mgeta, out of 88 samples, 37.5% (33/88) were positive for mastitis, RQ 23.86% (21/88) while the LQ had 13.64% (12/88). Dairy goats from different farmers at Gairo had 33.33% (10/30), RQ had 20% (6/30) while for the LQ were 10% (3/30). Overall prevalence in all three studied areas was 34.38% (66/192) whereby for the right quarters were 21.35% (41/192) and left quarters 12.5% (24/192). Regarding prevalence within the breeds, T breed had 25% (18/72) within the breed and 9.38% (18/192) of the total milk samples while in NW had 40% (48/120) and 25% respectively. From these findings it is concluded that right quarters of the udder were mostly affected with subclinical mastitis than left quarters. NW breed is more susceptible to SCM than T. Farmers should be educated on this disease and education should include proper managerial practice especially avoiding risk factors such as poor hygiene of the udder and personnel, care of the injuries on the teats and proper milking. Regular screening of milking goats with CMT using expert and proper treatment of the Clinical Mastitis should be advocated. Bacteria causing mastitis should be isolated and tested for their Antimicrobial Resistance by using commonly used antimicrobials in the study areas.},
     year = {2022}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Prevalence of Subclinical Mastitis from Milking Dairy Goat Species Reared in Different Climatic Conditions in Morogoro Region
    AU  - Nyoni Hamis Salum
    AU  - Katakweba Abdul
    Y1  - 2022/03/29
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    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bsi.20220701.13
    DO  - 10.11648/j.bsi.20220701.13
    T2  - Biomedical Statistics and Informatics
    JF  - Biomedical Statistics and Informatics
    JO  - Biomedical Statistics and Informatics
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    EP  - 17
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2578-8728
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bsi.20220701.13
    AB  - A total of 96 dairy goats kidding once and primiparous of Toggernburg (T) and Norwegian white (NW) breeds were involved in this study. Study was carried in Morogoro municipality (N=37: T=16, NW=21), Mgeta in Mvomero district (N=44: T=14, NW=30) and Gairo town in Gairo distric (N=15: T=6, NW=9). The prevalence of subclinical mastitis (SCM) was determined using California Mastitis Test (CMT). A total of 192 composite milk samples (one sample per teat) were aseptically collected from each quarter of the apparently health dairy goat and screened by using California Mastitis Reagent which contain Alkyary sulphate and Bromcresol purple. The milk samples that scored 0, Trace (T), and +1 were considered as negative, while the samples with the scores +2 or +3 were taken as positive and used in the screening test. From Morogoro Municipality, the prevalence was 31.08% (23/74), right quarters (RQ) having 18.92% (14/74) and left quarters (LQ) with 12.16% (9/74). In Mgeta, out of 88 samples, 37.5% (33/88) were positive for mastitis, RQ 23.86% (21/88) while the LQ had 13.64% (12/88). Dairy goats from different farmers at Gairo had 33.33% (10/30), RQ had 20% (6/30) while for the LQ were 10% (3/30). Overall prevalence in all three studied areas was 34.38% (66/192) whereby for the right quarters were 21.35% (41/192) and left quarters 12.5% (24/192). Regarding prevalence within the breeds, T breed had 25% (18/72) within the breed and 9.38% (18/192) of the total milk samples while in NW had 40% (48/120) and 25% respectively. From these findings it is concluded that right quarters of the udder were mostly affected with subclinical mastitis than left quarters. NW breed is more susceptible to SCM than T. Farmers should be educated on this disease and education should include proper managerial practice especially avoiding risk factors such as poor hygiene of the udder and personnel, care of the injuries on the teats and proper milking. Regular screening of milking goats with CMT using expert and proper treatment of the Clinical Mastitis should be advocated. Bacteria causing mastitis should be isolated and tested for their Antimicrobial Resistance by using commonly used antimicrobials in the study areas.
    VL  - 7
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Livestock Training Agency (LITA), Morogoro Campus, Morogoro, Tanzania

  • Pest Management Centre, Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), Morogoro, Tanzania

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