Research Article | | Peer-Reviewed

CFD Application to Estimate Air Flow Rate for Normal Ventilation in Metro Trains and Stations

Received: 6 October 2023     Accepted: 6 November 2023     Published: 17 November 2023
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Abstract

Due to the problem of lacking enough fresh air for passengers in underground metro stations, increasing attention has been paid to improving ventilation in underground metro stations. In this paper, the distribution characteristics of airflow fields, geometry of the station, and the influence of airflow rate changes on passengers’ ventilation conditions have been investigated and simulated according to computational fluid dynamics (CFD) theory. In addition, the volume of the stations was treated with a central air conditioning system, including several air handling units (AHU) connected to chilled water. Air flow for trains and stations has been calculated and compared with the actual data of the National Authority for Tunnels (NAT). It has been found that the highest air flow rate Q for Attaba station is 24.97 m3/s at ticket hall level, and the lowest air flow rate is 5.23 m3/s at platform level. Also, the required air flow rate is 111.02 m3/s for trains has been calculated. This value is acceptable and suitable in comparison to the actual results from the NAT. This is to reduce the necessary heat and improve the air quality inside underground metro stations. It is concluded that, in cases where an air flow rate is required in stations, the efficiency of the fans must be superior to 70%. The rotation speed of the fans will range from 750 to 1480 revolutions per minute (r.p.m).

Published in American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology (Volume 8, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajset.20230804.18
Page(s) 226-234
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), Air Flow Rate, Stations, Air Treatment and Improvement

References
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[2] Ahn, J., Cho, S., and D. H. Chung. Development of a statistical analysis model to benchmark the energy use intensity of subway stations. Applied Energy, 2016. 179: pp. 488-496.
[3] Pan, S., Liu, Y., Xie, L., Wang, X., Yuan, Y., and X., Jia. A thermal comfort field study on subway passengers during air-conditioning season in Beijing. Sustainable Cities and Society, 2020. 61: pp. 102-218.
[4] Bogdanovská, G., Molnar, V., and G. Fedorko. Failure analysis of condensing units for refrigerators with refrigerant R134a, R404A. International Journal of Refrigeration, 2019. 100: pp. 208-219.
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[6] National Authority for Tunnel. Tunnel from Attaba to Geish Shaft Monitoring Measurements. Contract N 49/Metro, Phase 1. National Authority for Tunnel: Cairo, Eqypt, 2010; pp. 270–271.
[7] Wang, F., Wang, M., He, S., Zhang, J., and Y. Deng. Computational study of effects of jet fans on the ventilation of a highway curved tunnel. Tunnelling and underground space technology, 2010. 25 (4): pp. 382-390.
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[9] Zhang, Y. and Xiaofeng. Li. Numerical analysis on the condenser inlet air temperature of train-mounted air conditioner when a train stops in subway station tunnel. Sustainable Cities and Society, 2021. 69: pp. 10-79.
[10] Owais, M., Ahmed, A. S., Moussa, G. S., and A. A. Khalil. Integrating underground line design with existing public transportation systems to increase transit network connectivity: Case study in Greater Cairo. Expert Systems with Applications, 2021. 167: pp. 114-183.
[11] Wang, F., Wang, M., and Q. Wang. Numerical study of effects of deflected angles of jet fans on the normal ventilation in a curved tunnel. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2012. 31: pp. 80-85.
[12] Mohamed M. K., Mohamed S. H., and M. A. Ismail. NUMERICAL STUDY ON THE OPTIMIZATION OF SMOKE VENTILATION IN A SITUATION OF A TRAIN FIRE AT A SUBWAY STATION. Engineering Research Journal, 2020. 166: pp. 350-365.
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[14] Hartman, H. L., Mutmansky, J. M., Ramani, R. V., and Y. J. Wang. Mine ventilation and air conditioning. 2012: John Wiley & Sons. p. 752.
[15] Jiangyan, M., Zhang, X. in., Angui, L. i., Baoshun, D., Wenchao, L. v., Yongzhen, Guo., Wenrong, Z., and Lin. Huang. Analyses of the improvement of subway station thermal environment in northern severe cold regions. Building and environment, 2018. 143: pp. 579-590.
[16] Pan, S., Liu, J., Xie, J., Sun, Y., Cui, N., Zhang, L., and B. Zheng. A review of the piston effect in subway stations. Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 2013. 5: pp. 95-205.
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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Abuelkassem Mohamed, M., Ibrahim Abdelrasoul, E., Ramadan Hamed, S. (2023). CFD Application to Estimate Air Flow Rate for Normal Ventilation in Metro Trains and Stations. American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology, 8(4), 226-234. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajset.20230804.18

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    ACS Style

    Abuelkassem Mohamed, M.; Ibrahim Abdelrasoul, E.; Ramadan Hamed, S. CFD Application to Estimate Air Flow Rate for Normal Ventilation in Metro Trains and Stations. Am. J. Sci. Eng. Technol. 2023, 8(4), 226-234. doi: 10.11648/j.ajset.20230804.18

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    AMA Style

    Abuelkassem Mohamed M, Ibrahim Abdelrasoul E, Ramadan Hamed S. CFD Application to Estimate Air Flow Rate for Normal Ventilation in Metro Trains and Stations. Am J Sci Eng Technol. 2023;8(4):226-234. doi: 10.11648/j.ajset.20230804.18

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajset.20230804.18,
      author = {Mohamed Abuelkassem Mohamed and Elseman Ibrahim Abdelrasoul and Sayed Ramadan Hamed},
      title = {CFD Application to Estimate Air Flow Rate for Normal Ventilation in Metro Trains and Stations},
      journal = {American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology},
      volume = {8},
      number = {4},
      pages = {226-234},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajset.20230804.18},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajset.20230804.18},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajset.20230804.18},
      abstract = {Due to the problem of lacking enough fresh air for passengers in underground metro stations, increasing attention has been paid to improving ventilation in underground metro stations. In this paper, the distribution characteristics of airflow fields, geometry of the station, and the influence of airflow rate changes on passengers’ ventilation conditions have been investigated and simulated according to computational fluid dynamics (CFD) theory. In addition, the volume of the stations was treated with a central air conditioning system, including several air handling units (AHU) connected to chilled water. Air flow for trains and stations has been calculated and compared with the actual data of the National Authority for Tunnels (NAT). It has been found that the highest air flow rate Q for Attaba station is 24.97 m3/s at ticket hall level, and the lowest air flow rate is 5.23 m3/s at platform level. Also, the required air flow rate is 111.02 m3/s for trains has been calculated. This value is acceptable and suitable in comparison to the actual results from the NAT. This is to reduce the necessary heat and improve the air quality inside underground metro stations. It is concluded that, in cases where an air flow rate is required in stations, the efficiency of the fans must be superior to 70%. The rotation speed of the fans will range from 750 to 1480 revolutions per minute (r.p.m).
    },
     year = {2023}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - CFD Application to Estimate Air Flow Rate for Normal Ventilation in Metro Trains and Stations
    AU  - Mohamed Abuelkassem Mohamed
    AU  - Elseman Ibrahim Abdelrasoul
    AU  - Sayed Ramadan Hamed
    Y1  - 2023/11/17
    PY  - 2023
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajset.20230804.18
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajset.20230804.18
    T2  - American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology
    JF  - American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology
    JO  - American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology
    SP  - 226
    EP  - 234
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2578-8353
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajset.20230804.18
    AB  - Due to the problem of lacking enough fresh air for passengers in underground metro stations, increasing attention has been paid to improving ventilation in underground metro stations. In this paper, the distribution characteristics of airflow fields, geometry of the station, and the influence of airflow rate changes on passengers’ ventilation conditions have been investigated and simulated according to computational fluid dynamics (CFD) theory. In addition, the volume of the stations was treated with a central air conditioning system, including several air handling units (AHU) connected to chilled water. Air flow for trains and stations has been calculated and compared with the actual data of the National Authority for Tunnels (NAT). It has been found that the highest air flow rate Q for Attaba station is 24.97 m3/s at ticket hall level, and the lowest air flow rate is 5.23 m3/s at platform level. Also, the required air flow rate is 111.02 m3/s for trains has been calculated. This value is acceptable and suitable in comparison to the actual results from the NAT. This is to reduce the necessary heat and improve the air quality inside underground metro stations. It is concluded that, in cases where an air flow rate is required in stations, the efficiency of the fans must be superior to 70%. The rotation speed of the fans will range from 750 to 1480 revolutions per minute (r.p.m).
    
    VL  - 8
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, Engineering College, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt

  • Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, Engineering College, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt

  • Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, Engineering College, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt

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