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Femtosecond X-ray Lasers at λ=32.8 and 44.4 nm in a Plasma Formed by Optical Field Ionization in a Krypton Cluster Jet

Received: 15 July 2021     Accepted: 4 August 2021     Published: 10 September 2021
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Abstract

Due to high efficiency, X-ray lasers based on transitions of Ni-like krypton (Kr8+) are being actively studied. The main focus is on an X-ray laser based on the conventional 3d5/24d5/2 [J=0] – 3d3/24p1/2 [J=1] transition at λ=32.8 nm. Gaseous krypton targets or krypton cluster jets are used in various experiments. X-ray lasers at 32.8 nm in a plasma formed by optical field ionization in a krypton cluster jet are widely used for research of nanoobjects. In this article, the possibility of creating an efficient X-ray laser in Ni-like krypton based on a transition with optical self-pumping 3d3/24f5/2 [J=1] – 3d3/24d5/2 [J=1] at λ=44.4 nm is predicted for the first time. The plasma filament is excited upon interaction of a jet of krypton clusters with an intense pump laser pulse. Optimal conditions to achieve the duration tlas ≤300 fs of the X-ray laser radiation are determined. The optimal electron density is in a rather narrow interval in the range ne ~ 1021 - 2×1021 cm-3. The optimal electron temperature is several keV. It is likely that this explains the fact that no X-ray laser has been observed on this transition in Kr8+ so far. The conversion factor per pulse is found to be ~5×10-5. For an X-ray laser operating on the conventional transition 3d5/24d5/2 [J=0] – 3d3/24p1/2 [J=1] at λ=32.8 nm, tlas ≤ 300 fs can also be achieved; however, the conversion factor for this transition is times ~5 smaller than that for the former transition.

Published in American Journal of Physics and Applications (Volume 9, Issue 5)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajpa.20210905.11
Page(s) 102-109
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This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

X-ray Lasers, Optical Self-pumping X-ray Laser, Radiative-Collisional Model, Cluster Jets, Optimal Density, Electron Temperature in Nanoplasmas

References
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  • APA Style

    Elena Ivanova. (2021). Femtosecond X-ray Lasers at λ=32.8 and 44.4 nm in a Plasma Formed by Optical Field Ionization in a Krypton Cluster Jet. American Journal of Physics and Applications, 9(5), 102-109. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpa.20210905.11

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    ACS Style

    Elena Ivanova. Femtosecond X-ray Lasers at λ=32.8 and 44.4 nm in a Plasma Formed by Optical Field Ionization in a Krypton Cluster Jet. Am. J. Phys. Appl. 2021, 9(5), 102-109. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpa.20210905.11

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    AMA Style

    Elena Ivanova. Femtosecond X-ray Lasers at λ=32.8 and 44.4 nm in a Plasma Formed by Optical Field Ionization in a Krypton Cluster Jet. Am J Phys Appl. 2021;9(5):102-109. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpa.20210905.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajpa.20210905.11,
      author = {Elena Ivanova},
      title = {Femtosecond X-ray Lasers at λ=32.8 and 44.4 nm in a Plasma Formed by Optical Field Ionization in a Krypton Cluster Jet},
      journal = {American Journal of Physics and Applications},
      volume = {9},
      number = {5},
      pages = {102-109},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajpa.20210905.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpa.20210905.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajpa.20210905.11},
      abstract = {Due to high efficiency, X-ray lasers based on transitions of Ni-like krypton (Kr8+) are being actively studied. The main focus is on an X-ray laser based on the conventional 3d5/24d5/2 [J=0] – 3d3/24p1/2 [J=1] transition at λ=32.8 nm. Gaseous krypton targets or krypton cluster jets are used in various experiments. X-ray lasers at 32.8 nm in a plasma formed by optical field ionization in a krypton cluster jet are widely used for research of nanoobjects. In this article, the possibility of creating an efficient X-ray laser in Ni-like krypton based on a transition with optical self-pumping 3d3/24f5/2 [J=1] – 3d3/24d5/2 [J=1] at λ=44.4 nm is predicted for the first time. The plasma filament is excited upon interaction of a jet of krypton clusters with an intense pump laser pulse. Optimal conditions to achieve the duration tlas ≤300 fs of the X-ray laser radiation are determined. The optimal electron density is in a rather narrow interval in the range ne ~ 1021 - 2×1021 cm-3. The optimal electron temperature is several keV. It is likely that this explains the fact that no X-ray laser has been observed on this transition in Kr8+ so far. The conversion factor per pulse is found to be ~5×10-5. For an X-ray laser operating on the conventional transition 3d5/24d5/2 [J=0] – 3d3/24p1/2 [J=1] at λ=32.8 nm, tlas ≤ 300 fs can also be achieved; however, the conversion factor for this transition is times ~5 smaller than that for the former transition.},
     year = {2021}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Femtosecond X-ray Lasers at λ=32.8 and 44.4 nm in a Plasma Formed by Optical Field Ionization in a Krypton Cluster Jet
    AU  - Elena Ivanova
    Y1  - 2021/09/10
    PY  - 2021
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpa.20210905.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajpa.20210905.11
    T2  - American Journal of Physics and Applications
    JF  - American Journal of Physics and Applications
    JO  - American Journal of Physics and Applications
    SP  - 102
    EP  - 109
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-4308
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpa.20210905.11
    AB  - Due to high efficiency, X-ray lasers based on transitions of Ni-like krypton (Kr8+) are being actively studied. The main focus is on an X-ray laser based on the conventional 3d5/24d5/2 [J=0] – 3d3/24p1/2 [J=1] transition at λ=32.8 nm. Gaseous krypton targets or krypton cluster jets are used in various experiments. X-ray lasers at 32.8 nm in a plasma formed by optical field ionization in a krypton cluster jet are widely used for research of nanoobjects. In this article, the possibility of creating an efficient X-ray laser in Ni-like krypton based on a transition with optical self-pumping 3d3/24f5/2 [J=1] – 3d3/24d5/2 [J=1] at λ=44.4 nm is predicted for the first time. The plasma filament is excited upon interaction of a jet of krypton clusters with an intense pump laser pulse. Optimal conditions to achieve the duration tlas ≤300 fs of the X-ray laser radiation are determined. The optimal electron density is in a rather narrow interval in the range ne ~ 1021 - 2×1021 cm-3. The optimal electron temperature is several keV. It is likely that this explains the fact that no X-ray laser has been observed on this transition in Kr8+ so far. The conversion factor per pulse is found to be ~5×10-5. For an X-ray laser operating on the conventional transition 3d5/24d5/2 [J=0] – 3d3/24p1/2 [J=1] at λ=32.8 nm, tlas ≤ 300 fs can also be achieved; however, the conversion factor for this transition is times ~5 smaller than that for the former transition.
    VL  - 9
    IS  - 5
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Institute of Spectroscopy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

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