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Investigation of Nosocomial Cluster Infections of Peripheral Venous Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infection

Received: 17 November 2020     Accepted: 27 November 2020     Published: 4 December 2020
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Abstract

Object: Determine the cause of nosocomial cluster infections of peripheral venous catheter-related bloodstream infection (PIVC-BSI), and provide advice on prevention, control and nursing measures. Method: A retrospective analysis of nosocomial cluster infections that occurred in a tertiary hospital on July 28-30, 2019. Blood samples from patients suspected of PIVC-BSI were retained for bacterial culture. The clinical data of the patients, environmental hygiene indicators were collected. Results: All 8 patients had chills within 0.5 - 3.5 hours after intravenous infusion, and the highest body temperature reached 41°C. The peripheral blood samples of 4 patients were cultured as Burkholderia cepacia infection, and the eluate from the catheter tip of 2 patients cultured the same bacteria as the blood culture. The humidity in the treatment preparation room was 60% - 80%. There was mold in the sterile storage cabinet. Conclusion: The nosocomial cluster infection of PIVC-BSI was caused by Burkholderia cepacia colonizing the tip of the peripheral intravenous catheter, and the high air humidity was the most likely factor. The ability of nurses to identify and respond to PIVC-BSI as well as the infection control management level of each department still needs to be improved.

Published in American Journal of Nursing Science (Volume 9, Issue 6)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajns.20200906.18
Page(s) 433-437
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Peripheral Intravenous Catheter, Peripheral Intravenous Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infection, Burkholderia Cepacian, INFECTION Control

References
[1] Alexandrou, E., Ray‐Barruel, G., Carr, P. J., Frost, S., Inwood, S., Higgins, N.,... & Rickard, C. M. (2015). International prevalence of the use of peripheral intravenous catheters. Journal of hospital medicine, 10 (8), 530-533.
[2] Maki, D. G., Kluger, D. M., & Crnich, C. J. (2006, September). The risk of bloodstream infection in adults with different intravascular devices: a systematic review of 200 published prospective studies. In Mayo Clinic Proceedings (Vol. 81, No. 9, pp. 1159-1171). Elsevier.
[3] Barnett, A. G., Page, K., Campbell, M., Martin, E., Rashleigh-Rolls, R., Halton, K.,... & Graves, N. (2013). The increased risks of death and extra lengths of hospital and ICU stay from hospital-acquired bloodstream infections: a case–control study. BMJ open, 3 (10).
[4] Lim, S., Gangoli, G., Adams, E., Hyde, R., Broder, M. S., Chang, E.,... & Danker III, W. (2019). Increased Clinical and Economic Burden Associated With Peripheral Intravenous Catheter–Related Complications: Analysis of a US Hospital Discharge Database. INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing, 56, 0046958019875562.
[5] Rosenthal, V. D., Belkebir, S., Zand, F., Afeef, M., Tanzi, V. L., Al-Abdely, H. M.,... & Elahi, N. (2020). Six-year multicenter study on short-term peripheral venous catheters-related bloodstream infection rates in 246 intensive units of 83 hospitals in 52 cities of 14 countries of Middle East: Bahrain, Egypt, Iran, Jordan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Lebanon, Morocco, Pakistan, Palestine, Sudan, Tunisia, Turkey, and United Arab Emirates—International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) findings. Journal of Infection and Public Health.
[6] Chernecky, C., & Macklin, D. (2014). The role of IV needleless connectors and IV complication management and prevention. Advances in Research, 195-206.
[7] Choudhury, M. A., Sidjabat, H. E., Zowawi, H. M., Larsen, E., Paterson, D. L., McMillan, D. J., & Rickard, C. M. (2019). Skin colonization at peripheral intravenous catheter insertion sites increases the risk of catheter colonization and infection. American Journal of Infection Control, 47 (12), 1484-1488.
[8] Montecalvo, M. A., McKenna, D., Yarrish, R., Mack, L., Maguire, G., Haas, J.,... & Watson, A. (2012). Chlorhexidine bathing to reduce central venous catheter-associated bloodstream infection: impact and sustainability. The American journal of medicine, 125 (5), 505-511.
[9] Zou, Q., Li, N., Liu, J., Li, X., Wang, Z., Ai, X.,... & Hu, Y. (2020). Investigation of an outbreak of Burkholderia cepacia infection caused by drug contamination in a tertiary hospital in China. American Journal of Infection Control, 48 (2), 199-203.
[10] Peng, F., Zhong, L. L., Lin, X. J., Chen, M., & Zhou, M. (2018). Burkholderia cepacia infection in children: a clinical analysis of 16 cases. Zhongguo Dang dai er ke za zhi= Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics, 20 (2), 112-115.
[11] De Plato, F., Fontana, C., Gherardi, G., Privitera, G. P., Puro, V., Rigoli, R.,... & Viale, P. (2019). Collection, transport and storage procedures for blood culture specimens in adult patients: recommendations from a board of Italian experts. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM), 57 (11), 1680-1689.
[12] Sengul, T., Guven, B., Ocakci, A. F., & Kaya, N. (2020). Connectors as a risk factor for blood-associated infections (3-way stopcock and needleless connector): A randomized-experimental study. American Journal of Infection Control, 48 (3), 275-280.
[13] Mermel, L. A. (2017). Short-term peripheral venous catheter–related bloodstream infections: a systematic review. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 65 (10), 1757-1762.
[14] Chien, Y. C., Liao, C. H., Sheng, W. H., Chien, J. Y., Huang, Y. T., Yu, C. J., & Hsueh, P. R. (2018). Clinical characteristics of bacteraemia caused by Burkholderia cepacia complex species and antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates in a medical centre in Taiwan. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 51 (3), 357-364.
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  • APA Style

    Mengying Qi, Jinai He, Jiajie Yan. (2020). Investigation of Nosocomial Cluster Infections of Peripheral Venous Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infection. American Journal of Nursing Science, 9(6), 433-437. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajns.20200906.18

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    ACS Style

    Mengying Qi; Jinai He; Jiajie Yan. Investigation of Nosocomial Cluster Infections of Peripheral Venous Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infection. Am. J. Nurs. Sci. 2020, 9(6), 433-437. doi: 10.11648/j.ajns.20200906.18

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    AMA Style

    Mengying Qi, Jinai He, Jiajie Yan. Investigation of Nosocomial Cluster Infections of Peripheral Venous Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infection. Am J Nurs Sci. 2020;9(6):433-437. doi: 10.11648/j.ajns.20200906.18

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajns.20200906.18,
      author = {Mengying Qi and Jinai He and Jiajie Yan},
      title = {Investigation of Nosocomial Cluster Infections of Peripheral Venous Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infection},
      journal = {American Journal of Nursing Science},
      volume = {9},
      number = {6},
      pages = {433-437},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajns.20200906.18},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajns.20200906.18},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajns.20200906.18},
      abstract = {Object: Determine the cause of nosocomial cluster infections of peripheral venous catheter-related bloodstream infection (PIVC-BSI), and provide advice on prevention, control and nursing measures. Method: A retrospective analysis of nosocomial cluster infections that occurred in a tertiary hospital on July 28-30, 2019. Blood samples from patients suspected of PIVC-BSI were retained for bacterial culture. The clinical data of the patients, environmental hygiene indicators were collected. Results: All 8 patients had chills within 0.5 - 3.5 hours after intravenous infusion, and the highest body temperature reached 41°C. The peripheral blood samples of 4 patients were cultured as Burkholderia cepacia infection, and the eluate from the catheter tip of 2 patients cultured the same bacteria as the blood culture. The humidity in the treatment preparation room was 60% - 80%. There was mold in the sterile storage cabinet. Conclusion: The nosocomial cluster infection of PIVC-BSI was caused by Burkholderia cepacia colonizing the tip of the peripheral intravenous catheter, and the high air humidity was the most likely factor. The ability of nurses to identify and respond to PIVC-BSI as well as the infection control management level of each department still needs to be improved.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Investigation of Nosocomial Cluster Infections of Peripheral Venous Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infection
    AU  - Mengying Qi
    AU  - Jinai He
    AU  - Jiajie Yan
    Y1  - 2020/12/04
    PY  - 2020
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajns.20200906.18
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajns.20200906.18
    T2  - American Journal of Nursing Science
    JF  - American Journal of Nursing Science
    JO  - American Journal of Nursing Science
    SP  - 433
    EP  - 437
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2328-5753
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajns.20200906.18
    AB  - Object: Determine the cause of nosocomial cluster infections of peripheral venous catheter-related bloodstream infection (PIVC-BSI), and provide advice on prevention, control and nursing measures. Method: A retrospective analysis of nosocomial cluster infections that occurred in a tertiary hospital on July 28-30, 2019. Blood samples from patients suspected of PIVC-BSI were retained for bacterial culture. The clinical data of the patients, environmental hygiene indicators were collected. Results: All 8 patients had chills within 0.5 - 3.5 hours after intravenous infusion, and the highest body temperature reached 41°C. The peripheral blood samples of 4 patients were cultured as Burkholderia cepacia infection, and the eluate from the catheter tip of 2 patients cultured the same bacteria as the blood culture. The humidity in the treatment preparation room was 60% - 80%. There was mold in the sterile storage cabinet. Conclusion: The nosocomial cluster infection of PIVC-BSI was caused by Burkholderia cepacia colonizing the tip of the peripheral intravenous catheter, and the high air humidity was the most likely factor. The ability of nurses to identify and respond to PIVC-BSI as well as the infection control management level of each department still needs to be improved.
    VL  - 9
    IS  - 6
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • School of Nursing, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China

  • The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China

  • The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China

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