Frugal Utilization of Flue-Cured Virginia <i>Nicotiana tabacum</i> Leaf Wastes as a Vicissitudinous Substrate for Optimized Synthesis of Pyridine-3-Carboxylic Acid

Timothy Omara; Bashir Musau; Sarah Kagoya

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajhc.20180404.11

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Frugal Utilization of Flue-Cured Virginia Nicotiana tabacum Leaf Wastes as a Vicissitudinous Substrate for Optimized Synthesis of Pyridine-3-Carboxylic Acid

Timothy Omara, Bashir Musau, Sarah Kagoya

Published in American Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry (Volume 4, Issue 4)

Received: 19 November 2018 Accepted: 8 December 2018 Published: 25 January 2019

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Abstract

Agrotransformation of tobacco leaves into cigarettes and cigars spawns upto 75% wastes which is an environmental and public nuisance owing to its noxious 0.6-3% (w/w) 3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolindyl) pyridine (MPP) content. Considerately, this volumetric agrowaste is a prodigal loss during tobacco processing. Consequently, the utilization of these frugal wastes as a substrate for pyridine-3-carboxylic acid (PCA) synthesis is a green strategy to obliterate the ecological backlashes of tobacco waste. This concerted study reported the feasibility of utilizing Flue-Cured Virginia (FCV) tobacco waste as a starting substrate for synthesis of pyridine-3-carboxylic acid through MPP as a synthetic intermediate. The intermediate was extracted from powdered FCV wastes using petroleum ether and subsequently oxidized to PCA using 69% concentrated Nitric acid of volumes: 120, 115, 110,105, 100, 95, 90 and 85ml at 87±2°C. The results of the bench scale experiments indicated that the yield of PCA increases with increase in the volume of hot nitric acid; a maximum yield of 25ml was obtained with 100ml of hot nitric acid. The lowest yield of 17ml was from 85ml of hot nitric acid. MPP had a statistical mean boiling point of 249.3±2.082°C, mean density of 1.024±0.006g/cm³ whereas PCA had a mean boiling point of 262±3°C, mean density of 1.505843±0.05503g/cm³, mean pH of 3.3±0.19 and a computed mean solubility of 1.5±0.017g/L. The study has shown that FCV tobacco leaf wastes is a green environmental substrate for organic synthesis of pyridine-3-carboxylic acid.

Published in	American Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry (Volume 4, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajhc.20180404.11
Page(s)	49-54
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Arua, Tobacco, Flue-Cured Virginia, Leaf Wastes, Strategy

References

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Timothy Omara, Bashir Musau, Sarah Kagoya. (2019). Frugal Utilization of Flue-Cured Virginia Nicotiana tabacum Leaf Wastes as a Vicissitudinous Substrate for Optimized Synthesis of Pyridine-3-Carboxylic Acid. American Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry, 4(4), 49-54. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhc.20180404.11

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ACS Style

Timothy Omara; Bashir Musau; Sarah Kagoya. Frugal Utilization of Flue-Cured Virginia Nicotiana tabacum Leaf Wastes as a Vicissitudinous Substrate for Optimized Synthesis of Pyridine-3-Carboxylic Acid. Am. J. Heterocycl. Chem. 2019, 4(4), 49-54. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhc.20180404.11

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AMA Style

Timothy Omara, Bashir Musau, Sarah Kagoya. Frugal Utilization of Flue-Cured Virginia Nicotiana tabacum Leaf Wastes as a Vicissitudinous Substrate for Optimized Synthesis of Pyridine-3-Carboxylic Acid. Am J Heterocycl Chem. 2019;4(4):49-54. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhc.20180404.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajhc.20180404.11,
  author = {Timothy Omara and Bashir Musau and Sarah Kagoya},
  title = {Frugal Utilization of Flue-Cured Virginia Nicotiana tabacum Leaf Wastes as a Vicissitudinous Substrate for Optimized Synthesis of Pyridine-3-Carboxylic Acid},
  journal = {American Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry},
  volume = {4},
  number = {4},
  pages = {49-54},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajhc.20180404.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhc.20180404.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajhc.20180404.11},
  abstract = {Agrotransformation of tobacco leaves into cigarettes and cigars spawns upto 75% wastes which is an environmental and public nuisance owing to its noxious 0.6-3% (w/w) 3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolindyl) pyridine (MPP) content. Considerately, this volumetric agrowaste is a prodigal loss during tobacco processing. Consequently, the utilization of these frugal wastes as a substrate for pyridine-3-carboxylic acid (PCA) synthesis is a green strategy to obliterate the ecological backlashes of tobacco waste. This concerted study reported the feasibility of utilizing Flue-Cured Virginia (FCV) tobacco waste as a starting substrate for synthesis of pyridine-3-carboxylic acid through MPP as a synthetic intermediate. The intermediate was extracted from powdered FCV wastes using petroleum ether and subsequently oxidized to PCA using 69% concentrated Nitric acid of volumes: 120, 115, 110,105, 100, 95, 90 and 85ml at 87±2°C. The results of the bench scale experiments indicated that the yield of PCA increases with increase in the volume of hot nitric acid; a maximum yield of 25ml was obtained with 100ml of hot nitric acid. The lowest yield of 17ml was from 85ml of hot nitric acid. MPP had a statistical mean boiling point of 249.3±2.082°C, mean density of 1.024±0.006g/cm3 whereas PCA had a mean boiling point of 262±3°C, mean density of 1.505843±0.05503g/cm3, mean pH of 3.3±0.19 and a computed mean solubility of 1.5±0.017g/L. The study has shown that FCV tobacco leaf wastes is a green environmental substrate for organic synthesis of pyridine-3-carboxylic acid.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Frugal Utilization of Flue-Cured Virginia Nicotiana tabacum Leaf Wastes as a Vicissitudinous Substrate for Optimized Synthesis of Pyridine-3-Carboxylic Acid
AU  - Timothy Omara
AU  - Bashir Musau
AU  - Sarah Kagoya
Y1  - 2019/01/25
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhc.20180404.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajhc.20180404.11
T2  - American Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry
JF  - American Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry
JO  - American Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry
SP  - 49
EP  - 54
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-5722
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhc.20180404.11
AB  - Agrotransformation of tobacco leaves into cigarettes and cigars spawns upto 75% wastes which is an environmental and public nuisance owing to its noxious 0.6-3% (w/w) 3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolindyl) pyridine (MPP) content. Considerately, this volumetric agrowaste is a prodigal loss during tobacco processing. Consequently, the utilization of these frugal wastes as a substrate for pyridine-3-carboxylic acid (PCA) synthesis is a green strategy to obliterate the ecological backlashes of tobacco waste. This concerted study reported the feasibility of utilizing Flue-Cured Virginia (FCV) tobacco waste as a starting substrate for synthesis of pyridine-3-carboxylic acid through MPP as a synthetic intermediate. The intermediate was extracted from powdered FCV wastes using petroleum ether and subsequently oxidized to PCA using 69% concentrated Nitric acid of volumes: 120, 115, 110,105, 100, 95, 90 and 85ml at 87±2°C. The results of the bench scale experiments indicated that the yield of PCA increases with increase in the volume of hot nitric acid; a maximum yield of 25ml was obtained with 100ml of hot nitric acid. The lowest yield of 17ml was from 85ml of hot nitric acid. MPP had a statistical mean boiling point of 249.3±2.082°C, mean density of 1.024±0.006g/cm3 whereas PCA had a mean boiling point of 262±3°C, mean density of 1.505843±0.05503g/cm3, mean pH of 3.3±0.19 and a computed mean solubility of 1.5±0.017g/L. The study has shown that FCV tobacco leaf wastes is a green environmental substrate for organic synthesis of pyridine-3-carboxylic acid.
VL  - 4
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Timothy Omara

Department of Health Sciences, Unicaf University, Lusaka, Zambia
Bashir Musau

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyambogo University, Kampala, Uganda
Sarah Kagoya

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyambogo University, Kampala, Uganda

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Timothy Omara, Bashir Musau, Sarah Kagoya. (2019). Frugal Utilization of Flue-Cured Virginia Nicotiana tabacum Leaf Wastes as a Vicissitudinous Substrate for Optimized Synthesis of Pyridine-3-Carboxylic Acid. American Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry, 4(4), 49-54. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhc.20180404.11

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ACS Style

Timothy Omara; Bashir Musau; Sarah Kagoya. Frugal Utilization of Flue-Cured Virginia Nicotiana tabacum Leaf Wastes as a Vicissitudinous Substrate for Optimized Synthesis of Pyridine-3-Carboxylic Acid. Am. J. Heterocycl. Chem. 2019, 4(4), 49-54. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhc.20180404.11

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AMA Style

Timothy Omara, Bashir Musau, Sarah Kagoya. Frugal Utilization of Flue-Cured Virginia Nicotiana tabacum Leaf Wastes as a Vicissitudinous Substrate for Optimized Synthesis of Pyridine-3-Carboxylic Acid. Am J Heterocycl Chem. 2019;4(4):49-54. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhc.20180404.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajhc.20180404.11,
  author = {Timothy Omara and Bashir Musau and Sarah Kagoya},
  title = {Frugal Utilization of Flue-Cured Virginia Nicotiana tabacum Leaf Wastes as a Vicissitudinous Substrate for Optimized Synthesis of Pyridine-3-Carboxylic Acid},
  journal = {American Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry},
  volume = {4},
  number = {4},
  pages = {49-54},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajhc.20180404.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhc.20180404.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajhc.20180404.11},
  abstract = {Agrotransformation of tobacco leaves into cigarettes and cigars spawns upto 75% wastes which is an environmental and public nuisance owing to its noxious 0.6-3% (w/w) 3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolindyl) pyridine (MPP) content. Considerately, this volumetric agrowaste is a prodigal loss during tobacco processing. Consequently, the utilization of these frugal wastes as a substrate for pyridine-3-carboxylic acid (PCA) synthesis is a green strategy to obliterate the ecological backlashes of tobacco waste. This concerted study reported the feasibility of utilizing Flue-Cured Virginia (FCV) tobacco waste as a starting substrate for synthesis of pyridine-3-carboxylic acid through MPP as a synthetic intermediate. The intermediate was extracted from powdered FCV wastes using petroleum ether and subsequently oxidized to PCA using 69% concentrated Nitric acid of volumes: 120, 115, 110,105, 100, 95, 90 and 85ml at 87±2°C. The results of the bench scale experiments indicated that the yield of PCA increases with increase in the volume of hot nitric acid; a maximum yield of 25ml was obtained with 100ml of hot nitric acid. The lowest yield of 17ml was from 85ml of hot nitric acid. MPP had a statistical mean boiling point of 249.3±2.082°C, mean density of 1.024±0.006g/cm3 whereas PCA had a mean boiling point of 262±3°C, mean density of 1.505843±0.05503g/cm3, mean pH of 3.3±0.19 and a computed mean solubility of 1.5±0.017g/L. The study has shown that FCV tobacco leaf wastes is a green environmental substrate for organic synthesis of pyridine-3-carboxylic acid.},
 year = {2019}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Frugal Utilization of Flue-Cured Virginia Nicotiana tabacum Leaf Wastes as a Vicissitudinous Substrate for Optimized Synthesis of Pyridine-3-Carboxylic Acid
AU  - Timothy Omara
AU  - Bashir Musau
AU  - Sarah Kagoya
Y1  - 2019/01/25
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhc.20180404.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajhc.20180404.11
T2  - American Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry
JF  - American Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry
JO  - American Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry
SP  - 49
EP  - 54
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-5722
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhc.20180404.11
AB  - Agrotransformation of tobacco leaves into cigarettes and cigars spawns upto 75% wastes which is an environmental and public nuisance owing to its noxious 0.6-3% (w/w) 3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolindyl) pyridine (MPP) content. Considerately, this volumetric agrowaste is a prodigal loss during tobacco processing. Consequently, the utilization of these frugal wastes as a substrate for pyridine-3-carboxylic acid (PCA) synthesis is a green strategy to obliterate the ecological backlashes of tobacco waste. This concerted study reported the feasibility of utilizing Flue-Cured Virginia (FCV) tobacco waste as a starting substrate for synthesis of pyridine-3-carboxylic acid through MPP as a synthetic intermediate. The intermediate was extracted from powdered FCV wastes using petroleum ether and subsequently oxidized to PCA using 69% concentrated Nitric acid of volumes: 120, 115, 110,105, 100, 95, 90 and 85ml at 87±2°C. The results of the bench scale experiments indicated that the yield of PCA increases with increase in the volume of hot nitric acid; a maximum yield of 25ml was obtained with 100ml of hot nitric acid. The lowest yield of 17ml was from 85ml of hot nitric acid. MPP had a statistical mean boiling point of 249.3±2.082°C, mean density of 1.024±0.006g/cm3 whereas PCA had a mean boiling point of 262±3°C, mean density of 1.505843±0.05503g/cm3, mean pH of 3.3±0.19 and a computed mean solubility of 1.5±0.017g/L. The study has shown that FCV tobacco leaf wastes is a green environmental substrate for organic synthesis of pyridine-3-carboxylic acid.
VL  - 4
IS  - 4
ER  -

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