Characterization of Oil Extracted from Two Varieties of Tiger Nut (<i>Cyperus esculentus</i> L.) Tubers

Aliyu Ahmad Warra; Leye Jonathan Babatola; Adedara Adejoju Omodolapo; Basiru Dende Ibraheem

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajhc.20170303.12

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Characterization of Oil Extracted from Two Varieties of Tiger Nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) Tubers

Aliyu Ahmad Warra, Leye Jonathan Babatola, Adedara Adejoju Omodolapo, Basiru Dende Ibraheem

Published in American Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry (Volume 3, Issue 3)

Received: 16 May 2017 Accepted: 12 July 2017 Published: 27 July 2017

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Abstract

The qualitative determination of fatty acids from hexane extract of two varieties of Cyperus esculentus L. tuber oil using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed the following fatty acids; palmitic acid, steric acid, Margaric acid, elaidic acid, oleic acid, erucic acid, behenic acid. and arachidic acid. For the Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) analysis, bands of 3469.09 cm^-1, 3463.3 cm^-1, sharp bands at 2867.28 cm^-1, 2037.86 cm^-1 and 2866.32 cm^-1 asymmetrical and symmetrical modes of vibration of –CH₂-, strong band 1742.74 cm^-1 and 1743.71 cm^-1 due to ester carbonyl functional group of the triacylglycerols, bending vibrations of the CH₂ and CH₃ aliphatic groups,(C-CO-O- and O-CH₂-C) and the in-planebending vibration of CH cis-olefinic groups seen at 1449.55 cm^-1, 1364 cm^-1 and 1450.52 cm^-1, 1365.65, and 1450.52 cm^-1, 1365.65 cm^-1, vibration frequency at, 1166.97 cm^-1 finger print of the stretching vibration of the C-O ester group, frequencies of the in-and out-of plane rocking of the cis-olefinic CH₂ group at 718.51 cm^-1 were observed for the brown and yellow tiger nut tubers oil respectively. The results were in favour of the utilization of the two varieties of Tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) tubers oil in cosmetics, polymer and food industries.

Published in	American Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry (Volume 3, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajhc.20170303.12
Page(s)	28-36
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Tiger Nut Tuber Oil, GC-MS, FT-IR, Fatty Acids, Cosmetics, Polymers, Food

References

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[3]	Osagie, A. U and Eka, O. U. (1998). Nutritional quality of plant foods. Post-Harvest Research Unit, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria, pp 15 – 31.
[4]	Oyedele O. A., Oladipo I. O. Adebayo A. O (2015). Investigation into Edible and Non-edibleOil Potentials of Tiger Nut (Cyperusesculentus) Grown in Nigeria. Global Journal ofEngineering Design and Technology. (4):20-24.
[5]	Warra, A. A (2014).Quality Characteristics of oil from Brown and Yellow CyperusesculentusL. Tubers. Research and Reviews: Journal of Botanical Sciences.3 (1):23-26.
[6]	Ezeh, O, Gordon, M. H., Niranjan, K (2014). Tiger nut oil (Cyperus esculentus L.): A review of its composition and physico‐chemical properties. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology. 116: 1-11.
[7]	El-Naggar, E. A (2016). Physicochemical Characteristics of Tiger Nut Tuber (Cyperus esculentus Lam) Oil. Middle East Journal of Applied Sciences. 6 (4): 003-1011.
[8]	Adewuyi, A., Otuechere, C. A., Oteglolade, Z. O., Bankole, O., Unuabonah, E. I (2015). Evaluation of the safety profile and antioxidant activity of fatty hydroxamic acid from underutilized seed oil of Cyperus esculentus. Journal of Acute Disease.4 (3): 230–235.
[9]	Sidohounde, A., Nonviho, G., Djenontin, S. T., Agbangnan, P., Paris, C., and Dominique C. K. Sohounhloue, D. C. K (2014). Physico-Chemical Characterization of Vegetable Oil and Defatted Meal from Two Varieties of Cyperus esculentus from Benin. Chemistry Journal. 4 (1):1-7.
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[12]	Liebert, MA (1987). Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Oleic Acid, Laurie Acid, PalmiticAcid, Myristic Acid, and Stearic Acid. Journal of the American College of Toxicology.6 (3):321-402.
[13]	Gunstone, F. D (2004). The chemistry of oils and fats sources, composition, properties and uses. Blackwell Publishing Ltd, UK. 1987, p 54.
[14]	PubChem. 2014. Elaidic acid. Accessed 12/12/2014 at pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/ Elaidic acid.
[15]	Rulis, A (2001). Behenic Acid Notification. Flamm Associates. Vero Beach. pp 3-4.
[16]	Okoh, C. C, Min, D. B (2008). Food lipids: Chemistry, Nutrition, and Biotechnology. 3^rded
[17]	WiseGEEK Erucic acid. 2015. Information on http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-erucic-acid.htm
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[19]	Guillen, M. D. and Cabo, N. (1997). Characterization of edible oils and lard by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Relationships between composition and frequency of concrete bands in the fingerprint region. J. of the Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 74 (10): 1281-1286.
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Aliyu Ahmad Warra, Leye Jonathan Babatola, Adedara Adejoju Omodolapo, Basiru Dende Ibraheem. (2017). Characterization of Oil Extracted from Two Varieties of Tiger Nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) Tubers. American Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry, 3(3), 28-36. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhc.20170303.12

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ACS Style

Aliyu Ahmad Warra; Leye Jonathan Babatola; Adedara Adejoju Omodolapo; Basiru Dende Ibraheem. Characterization of Oil Extracted from Two Varieties of Tiger Nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) Tubers. Am. J. Heterocycl. Chem. 2017, 3(3), 28-36. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhc.20170303.12

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AMA Style

Aliyu Ahmad Warra, Leye Jonathan Babatola, Adedara Adejoju Omodolapo, Basiru Dende Ibraheem. Characterization of Oil Extracted from Two Varieties of Tiger Nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) Tubers. Am J Heterocycl Chem. 2017;3(3):28-36. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhc.20170303.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajhc.20170303.12,
  author = {Aliyu Ahmad Warra and Leye Jonathan Babatola and Adedara Adejoju Omodolapo and Basiru Dende Ibraheem},
  title = {Characterization of Oil Extracted from Two Varieties of Tiger Nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) Tubers},
  journal = {American Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry},
  volume = {3},
  number = {3},
  pages = {28-36},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajhc.20170303.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhc.20170303.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajhc.20170303.12},
  abstract = {The qualitative determination of fatty acids from hexane extract of two varieties of Cyperus esculentus L. tuber oil using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed the following fatty acids; palmitic acid, steric acid, Margaric acid, elaidic acid, oleic acid, erucic acid, behenic acid. and arachidic acid. For the Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) analysis, bands of 3469.09 cm-1, 3463.3 cm-1, sharp bands at 2867.28 cm-1, 2037.86 cm-1 and 2866.32 cm-1 asymmetrical and symmetrical modes of vibration of –CH2-, strong band 1742.74 cm-1 and 1743.71 cm-1 due to ester carbonyl functional group of the triacylglycerols, bending vibrations of the CH2 and CH3 aliphatic groups,(C-CO-O- and O-CH2-C) and the in-planebending vibration of CH cis-olefinic groups seen at 1449.55 cm-1, 1364 cm-1 and 1450.52 cm-1, 1365.65, and 1450.52 cm-1, 1365.65 cm-1, vibration frequency at, 1166.97 cm-1 finger print of the stretching vibration of the C-O ester group, frequencies of the in-and out-of plane rocking of the cis-olefinic CH2 group at 718.51 cm-1 were observed for the brown and yellow tiger nut tubers oil respectively. The results were in favour of the utilization of the two varieties of Tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) tubers oil in cosmetics, polymer and food industries.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Characterization of Oil Extracted from Two Varieties of Tiger Nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) Tubers
AU  - Aliyu Ahmad Warra
AU  - Leye Jonathan Babatola
AU  - Adedara Adejoju Omodolapo
AU  - Basiru Dende Ibraheem
Y1  - 2017/07/27
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhc.20170303.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajhc.20170303.12
T2  - American Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry
JF  - American Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry
JO  - American Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry
SP  - 28
EP  - 36
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-5722
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhc.20170303.12
AB  - The qualitative determination of fatty acids from hexane extract of two varieties of Cyperus esculentus L. tuber oil using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed the following fatty acids; palmitic acid, steric acid, Margaric acid, elaidic acid, oleic acid, erucic acid, behenic acid. and arachidic acid. For the Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) analysis, bands of 3469.09 cm-1, 3463.3 cm-1, sharp bands at 2867.28 cm-1, 2037.86 cm-1 and 2866.32 cm-1 asymmetrical and symmetrical modes of vibration of –CH2-, strong band 1742.74 cm-1 and 1743.71 cm-1 due to ester carbonyl functional group of the triacylglycerols, bending vibrations of the CH2 and CH3 aliphatic groups,(C-CO-O- and O-CH2-C) and the in-planebending vibration of CH cis-olefinic groups seen at 1449.55 cm-1, 1364 cm-1 and 1450.52 cm-1, 1365.65, and 1450.52 cm-1, 1365.65 cm-1, vibration frequency at, 1166.97 cm-1 finger print of the stretching vibration of the C-O ester group, frequencies of the in-and out-of plane rocking of the cis-olefinic CH2 group at 718.51 cm-1 were observed for the brown and yellow tiger nut tubers oil respectively. The results were in favour of the utilization of the two varieties of Tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) tubers oil in cosmetics, polymer and food industries.
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Aliyu Ahmad Warra

Centre for Entrepreneurship Development, Federal University, Gusau, Nigeria
Leye Jonathan Babatola

Department of Chemical Sciences, Biochemistry Unit, Joseph Ayo Babalola University, Ikeji-Arakeji, Nigeria
Adedara Adejoju Omodolapo

Chemistry Department, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
Basiru Dende Ibraheem

Department of Chemical Sciences, Biochemistry Unit, Joseph Ayo Babalola University, Ikeji-Arakeji, Nigeria

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APA Style

Aliyu Ahmad Warra, Leye Jonathan Babatola, Adedara Adejoju Omodolapo, Basiru Dende Ibraheem. (2017). Characterization of Oil Extracted from Two Varieties of Tiger Nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) Tubers. American Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry, 3(3), 28-36. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhc.20170303.12

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ACS Style

Aliyu Ahmad Warra; Leye Jonathan Babatola; Adedara Adejoju Omodolapo; Basiru Dende Ibraheem. Characterization of Oil Extracted from Two Varieties of Tiger Nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) Tubers. Am. J. Heterocycl. Chem. 2017, 3(3), 28-36. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhc.20170303.12

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AMA Style

Aliyu Ahmad Warra, Leye Jonathan Babatola, Adedara Adejoju Omodolapo, Basiru Dende Ibraheem. Characterization of Oil Extracted from Two Varieties of Tiger Nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) Tubers. Am J Heterocycl Chem. 2017;3(3):28-36. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhc.20170303.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajhc.20170303.12,
  author = {Aliyu Ahmad Warra and Leye Jonathan Babatola and Adedara Adejoju Omodolapo and Basiru Dende Ibraheem},
  title = {Characterization of Oil Extracted from Two Varieties of Tiger Nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) Tubers},
  journal = {American Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry},
  volume = {3},
  number = {3},
  pages = {28-36},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajhc.20170303.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhc.20170303.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajhc.20170303.12},
  abstract = {The qualitative determination of fatty acids from hexane extract of two varieties of Cyperus esculentus L. tuber oil using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed the following fatty acids; palmitic acid, steric acid, Margaric acid, elaidic acid, oleic acid, erucic acid, behenic acid. and arachidic acid. For the Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) analysis, bands of 3469.09 cm-1, 3463.3 cm-1, sharp bands at 2867.28 cm-1, 2037.86 cm-1 and 2866.32 cm-1 asymmetrical and symmetrical modes of vibration of –CH2-, strong band 1742.74 cm-1 and 1743.71 cm-1 due to ester carbonyl functional group of the triacylglycerols, bending vibrations of the CH2 and CH3 aliphatic groups,(C-CO-O- and O-CH2-C) and the in-planebending vibration of CH cis-olefinic groups seen at 1449.55 cm-1, 1364 cm-1 and 1450.52 cm-1, 1365.65, and 1450.52 cm-1, 1365.65 cm-1, vibration frequency at, 1166.97 cm-1 finger print of the stretching vibration of the C-O ester group, frequencies of the in-and out-of plane rocking of the cis-olefinic CH2 group at 718.51 cm-1 were observed for the brown and yellow tiger nut tubers oil respectively. The results were in favour of the utilization of the two varieties of Tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) tubers oil in cosmetics, polymer and food industries.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Characterization of Oil Extracted from Two Varieties of Tiger Nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) Tubers
AU  - Aliyu Ahmad Warra
AU  - Leye Jonathan Babatola
AU  - Adedara Adejoju Omodolapo
AU  - Basiru Dende Ibraheem
Y1  - 2017/07/27
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhc.20170303.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajhc.20170303.12
T2  - American Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry
JF  - American Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry
JO  - American Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry
SP  - 28
EP  - 36
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-5722
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhc.20170303.12
AB  - The qualitative determination of fatty acids from hexane extract of two varieties of Cyperus esculentus L. tuber oil using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed the following fatty acids; palmitic acid, steric acid, Margaric acid, elaidic acid, oleic acid, erucic acid, behenic acid. and arachidic acid. For the Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) analysis, bands of 3469.09 cm-1, 3463.3 cm-1, sharp bands at 2867.28 cm-1, 2037.86 cm-1 and 2866.32 cm-1 asymmetrical and symmetrical modes of vibration of –CH2-, strong band 1742.74 cm-1 and 1743.71 cm-1 due to ester carbonyl functional group of the triacylglycerols, bending vibrations of the CH2 and CH3 aliphatic groups,(C-CO-O- and O-CH2-C) and the in-planebending vibration of CH cis-olefinic groups seen at 1449.55 cm-1, 1364 cm-1 and 1450.52 cm-1, 1365.65, and 1450.52 cm-1, 1365.65 cm-1, vibration frequency at, 1166.97 cm-1 finger print of the stretching vibration of the C-O ester group, frequencies of the in-and out-of plane rocking of the cis-olefinic CH2 group at 718.51 cm-1 were observed for the brown and yellow tiger nut tubers oil respectively. The results were in favour of the utilization of the two varieties of Tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) tubers oil in cosmetics, polymer and food industries.
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
ER  -

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