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Research on the Mechanism of T Cell Subsets and Cytokines in Hashimoto's Thyroiditis

Received: 28 May 2020     Published: 23 July 2020
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Abstract

As being one of the most common diseases in autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is an organ-specific autoimmune disease. It is mostly related to genetics, infection, and excessive iodine, but the exact pathogenesis has not yet clear. As one of the most important immune cells, T cells play an important role in the human immune. Helper T cells (Th) and regulatory T cells (Treg) are two important subgroups of T cells. The former include Th1, Th2, Th17 and other cells. HT patients is mainly characterized by expressing Th1 cytokines. The imbalance of Th1/Th2 ratio can induce abnormal immune response, which is closely related to the incidence of HT. Th17/Treg cells are mutually restricted in differentiation and mutually antagonistic in function. IL-17 secreted by Th17 cells directly promotes the inflammatory response of thyroid tissue and accelerates the damage of thyroid tissue. Abnormal Treg cell function cannot effectively inhibit the occurrence of autoimmune reactions and promote immune tolerance. Th17/Treg constitute a relatively independent group of cell networks except Th1/Th2. Under normal circumstances, Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg cells maintain a dynamic balance. However, once unbalanced, they will lead to immune dysfunction and participate in the development of HT. This article reviews the mechanisms of Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg cells and their cytokines in the pathogenesis of HT.

Published in American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences (Volume 8, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajbls.20200804.14
Page(s) 83-90
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Thl/Th2 Cells, Th17/Treg Cells, Retinoic Acid-related Orphan Receptors (ROR-γt), Forkhead Box p3(Foxp3), Hashimoto Thyroid Inflammation

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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Jing Feng, Zhaoxin Mu, Xinsheng Li, Zhenjiang Hou. (2020). Research on the Mechanism of T Cell Subsets and Cytokines in Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences, 8(4), 83-90. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20200804.14

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    ACS Style

    Jing Feng; Zhaoxin Mu; Xinsheng Li; Zhenjiang Hou. Research on the Mechanism of T Cell Subsets and Cytokines in Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. Am. J. Biomed. Life Sci. 2020, 8(4), 83-90. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20200804.14

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    AMA Style

    Jing Feng, Zhaoxin Mu, Xinsheng Li, Zhenjiang Hou. Research on the Mechanism of T Cell Subsets and Cytokines in Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. Am J Biomed Life Sci. 2020;8(4):83-90. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20200804.14

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajbls.20200804.14,
      author = {Jing Feng and Zhaoxin Mu and Xinsheng Li and Zhenjiang Hou},
      title = {Research on the Mechanism of T Cell Subsets and Cytokines in Hashimoto's Thyroiditis},
      journal = {American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences},
      volume = {8},
      number = {4},
      pages = {83-90},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajbls.20200804.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20200804.14},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajbls.20200804.14},
      abstract = {As being one of the most common diseases in autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is an organ-specific autoimmune disease. It is mostly related to genetics, infection, and excessive iodine, but the exact pathogenesis has not yet clear. As one of the most important immune cells, T cells play an important role in the human immune. Helper T cells (Th) and regulatory T cells (Treg) are two important subgroups of T cells. The former include Th1, Th2, Th17 and other cells. HT patients is mainly characterized by expressing Th1 cytokines. The imbalance of Th1/Th2 ratio can induce abnormal immune response, which is closely related to the incidence of HT. Th17/Treg cells are mutually restricted in differentiation and mutually antagonistic in function. IL-17 secreted by Th17 cells directly promotes the inflammatory response of thyroid tissue and accelerates the damage of thyroid tissue. Abnormal Treg cell function cannot effectively inhibit the occurrence of autoimmune reactions and promote immune tolerance. Th17/Treg constitute a relatively independent group of cell networks except Th1/Th2. Under normal circumstances, Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg cells maintain a dynamic balance. However, once unbalanced, they will lead to immune dysfunction and participate in the development of HT. This article reviews the mechanisms of Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg cells and their cytokines in the pathogenesis of HT.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Research on the Mechanism of T Cell Subsets and Cytokines in Hashimoto's Thyroiditis
    AU  - Jing Feng
    AU  - Zhaoxin Mu
    AU  - Xinsheng Li
    AU  - Zhenjiang Hou
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    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20200804.14
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajbls.20200804.14
    T2  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
    JF  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
    JO  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
    SP  - 83
    EP  - 90
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-880X
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20200804.14
    AB  - As being one of the most common diseases in autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is an organ-specific autoimmune disease. It is mostly related to genetics, infection, and excessive iodine, but the exact pathogenesis has not yet clear. As one of the most important immune cells, T cells play an important role in the human immune. Helper T cells (Th) and regulatory T cells (Treg) are two important subgroups of T cells. The former include Th1, Th2, Th17 and other cells. HT patients is mainly characterized by expressing Th1 cytokines. The imbalance of Th1/Th2 ratio can induce abnormal immune response, which is closely related to the incidence of HT. Th17/Treg cells are mutually restricted in differentiation and mutually antagonistic in function. IL-17 secreted by Th17 cells directly promotes the inflammatory response of thyroid tissue and accelerates the damage of thyroid tissue. Abnormal Treg cell function cannot effectively inhibit the occurrence of autoimmune reactions and promote immune tolerance. Th17/Treg constitute a relatively independent group of cell networks except Th1/Th2. Under normal circumstances, Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg cells maintain a dynamic balance. However, once unbalanced, they will lead to immune dysfunction and participate in the development of HT. This article reviews the mechanisms of Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg cells and their cytokines in the pathogenesis of HT.
    VL  - 8
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China

  • Institute of Thyroid Diseases Affiliated to Cangzhou Medical College, Cangzhou Thyroid Disease Engineering Technology Research Center, Cangzhou, China

  • Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China

  • Institute of Thyroid Diseases Affiliated to Cangzhou Medical College, Cangzhou Thyroid Disease Engineering Technology Research Center, Cangzhou, China

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