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Synergistic Evaluation of Moringa oleifera, Hunteria umbellate and Azadirachta indica with Antibiotics Against Environmental MRSA Isolates: An In-vitro Study

Received: 25 May 2020     Accepted: 8 June 2020     Published: 6 July 2020
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Abstract

Methicillin–Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is known to show resistance to beta-lactam class of antibiotics. MRSA is among the highest superbugs posing dangerous threats to humans. This study aimed at determining the in-vitro synergistic evaluation of Moringa oleifera, Hunteria umbellate and Azadirachta indica extracts with existing antibiotics (Azithromycin, Clindamycin and Vancomycin) on isolated MRSA from fomites. MRSA was isolated using the BBL™ Oxacillin agar screen test (Müller Hinton Agar with 6 μg/mL Oxacillin and 4% NaCl). The Minimum Bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the MRSA were determined by Agar well diffusion using antibiotics in solitary, plant extracts in solitary, combination of these antibiotics with plant extracts at different concentrations. The agar diffusion assay showed that H. umbellate extract-Azithromycin combination had the least zones of inhibition ≥21.00±1.92 mm in 75% of all isolates testedwhile M. oleifera extract-Azithromycin combination had the highest zones of inhibition ≥22.20 ±2.27 mm. Comparison of bactericidal activities of all plant extracts and antibiotics synergy shows Azithromycin to have a significant value of P>0.05. The agar well diffusion method showed synergistic effects between combination of antibiotics and all extracts with significant increase in the zones of inhibition of the test antibiotics against environmental strains of MRSA. The synergistic interactions indicated that the inhibitory potentials of the plant extracts increased hence, combining natural products derived from phytochemicals and antibiotics could be another way to mitigate and fight against resistant infectious bacteria.

Published in American Journal of BioScience (Volume 8, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajbio.20200804.11
Page(s) 91-98
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Antimicrobial Resistance, MRSA, Antibiotics, Plant Extracts, Synergism

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    Akinrotoye Kehinde Peter, Akinduti Paul, Lanlokun Olabisi, Adetogun Clement. (2020). Synergistic Evaluation of Moringa oleifera, Hunteria umbellate and Azadirachta indica with Antibiotics Against Environmental MRSA Isolates: An In-vitro Study. American Journal of BioScience, 8(4), 91-98. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20200804.11

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    ACS Style

    Akinrotoye Kehinde Peter; Akinduti Paul; Lanlokun Olabisi; Adetogun Clement. Synergistic Evaluation of Moringa oleifera, Hunteria umbellate and Azadirachta indica with Antibiotics Against Environmental MRSA Isolates: An In-vitro Study. Am. J. BioScience 2020, 8(4), 91-98. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbio.20200804.11

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    AMA Style

    Akinrotoye Kehinde Peter, Akinduti Paul, Lanlokun Olabisi, Adetogun Clement. Synergistic Evaluation of Moringa oleifera, Hunteria umbellate and Azadirachta indica with Antibiotics Against Environmental MRSA Isolates: An In-vitro Study. Am J BioScience. 2020;8(4):91-98. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbio.20200804.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajbio.20200804.11,
      author = {Akinrotoye Kehinde Peter and Akinduti Paul and Lanlokun Olabisi and Adetogun Clement},
      title = {Synergistic Evaluation of Moringa oleifera, Hunteria umbellate and Azadirachta indica with Antibiotics Against Environmental MRSA Isolates: An In-vitro Study},
      journal = {American Journal of BioScience},
      volume = {8},
      number = {4},
      pages = {91-98},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajbio.20200804.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20200804.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajbio.20200804.11},
      abstract = {Methicillin–Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is known to show resistance to beta-lactam class of antibiotics. MRSA is among the highest superbugs posing dangerous threats to humans. This study aimed at determining the in-vitro synergistic evaluation of Moringa oleifera, Hunteria umbellate and Azadirachta indica extracts with existing antibiotics (Azithromycin, Clindamycin and Vancomycin) on isolated MRSA from fomites. MRSA was isolated using the BBL™ Oxacillin agar screen test (Müller Hinton Agar with 6 μg/mL Oxacillin and 4% NaCl). The Minimum Bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the MRSA were determined by Agar well diffusion using antibiotics in solitary, plant extracts in solitary, combination of these antibiotics with plant extracts at different concentrations. The agar diffusion assay showed that H. umbellate extract-Azithromycin combination had the least zones of inhibition ≥21.00±1.92 mm in 75% of all isolates testedwhile M. oleifera extract-Azithromycin combination had the highest zones of inhibition ≥22.20 ±2.27 mm. Comparison of bactericidal activities of all plant extracts and antibiotics synergy shows Azithromycin to have a significant value of P>0.05. The agar well diffusion method showed synergistic effects between combination of antibiotics and all extracts with significant increase in the zones of inhibition of the test antibiotics against environmental strains of MRSA. The synergistic interactions indicated that the inhibitory potentials of the plant extracts increased hence, combining natural products derived from phytochemicals and antibiotics could be another way to mitigate and fight against resistant infectious bacteria.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Synergistic Evaluation of Moringa oleifera, Hunteria umbellate and Azadirachta indica with Antibiotics Against Environmental MRSA Isolates: An In-vitro Study
    AU  - Akinrotoye Kehinde Peter
    AU  - Akinduti Paul
    AU  - Lanlokun Olabisi
    AU  - Adetogun Clement
    Y1  - 2020/07/06
    PY  - 2020
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20200804.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajbio.20200804.11
    T2  - American Journal of BioScience
    JF  - American Journal of BioScience
    JO  - American Journal of BioScience
    SP  - 91
    EP  - 98
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-0167
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20200804.11
    AB  - Methicillin–Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is known to show resistance to beta-lactam class of antibiotics. MRSA is among the highest superbugs posing dangerous threats to humans. This study aimed at determining the in-vitro synergistic evaluation of Moringa oleifera, Hunteria umbellate and Azadirachta indica extracts with existing antibiotics (Azithromycin, Clindamycin and Vancomycin) on isolated MRSA from fomites. MRSA was isolated using the BBL™ Oxacillin agar screen test (Müller Hinton Agar with 6 μg/mL Oxacillin and 4% NaCl). The Minimum Bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the MRSA were determined by Agar well diffusion using antibiotics in solitary, plant extracts in solitary, combination of these antibiotics with plant extracts at different concentrations. The agar diffusion assay showed that H. umbellate extract-Azithromycin combination had the least zones of inhibition ≥21.00±1.92 mm in 75% of all isolates testedwhile M. oleifera extract-Azithromycin combination had the highest zones of inhibition ≥22.20 ±2.27 mm. Comparison of bactericidal activities of all plant extracts and antibiotics synergy shows Azithromycin to have a significant value of P>0.05. The agar well diffusion method showed synergistic effects between combination of antibiotics and all extracts with significant increase in the zones of inhibition of the test antibiotics against environmental strains of MRSA. The synergistic interactions indicated that the inhibitory potentials of the plant extracts increased hence, combining natural products derived from phytochemicals and antibiotics could be another way to mitigate and fight against resistant infectious bacteria.
    VL  - 8
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Microbiology, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria

  • Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria

  • Department of Microbiology, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria

  • Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, College of Environmental Resources and Management, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria

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