Biochemical Monitoring in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: Feasibility and Application Perspectives in African Context

Nkolo Tolo Francis Daniel; Ama Moor Vicky Jocelyne

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ab.20251303.13

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Biochemical Monitoring in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: Feasibility and Application Perspectives in African Context

Nkolo Tolo Francis Daniel^*

, Ama Moor Vicky Jocelyne

Published in Advances in Biochemistry (Volume 13, Issue 3)

Received: 3 July 2025 Accepted: 15 July 2025 Published: 30 July 2025

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Abstract

Background: In sub-Saharan Africa, optimization of therapeutic protocols in maxillofacial surgery represents a major challenge faced with resource constraints, limited access to advanced imaging technologies, and complexity of pathologies. Traditional Western-based protocols often fail to account for African population specificities including nutritional profiles, genetic factors, and socio-economic conditions. Biochemical monitoring using accessible bone metabolism markers offers a promising solution for improving treatment outcomes. Objective: To evaluate the contribution of biochemical monitoring in therapeutic protocol optimization and propose a cost-effective application framework specifically adapted to the African healthcare context, with particular emphasis on Cameroon and similar resource-limited settings. Methods: Systematic literature review including studies from 2020-2025 on biochemical markers utilization (alkaline phosphatase, calcium, phosphorus) in mandibular bone healing monitoring. Search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and African Journals OnLine databases. Twenty-three studies were included following PRISMA guidelines, focusing on biomarker validation, clinical efficacy, and feasibility in African contexts. Results: Studies demonstrate significant correlations between biochemical markers and bone mineral density (r=0.8-1.0, p<0.001). The Cameroon study shows perfect correlation (r=1.0) between alkaline phosphatase and bone mineral density. Monitoring integration allows 25% reduction in healing time (14.2±3.1 vs 18.7±4.8 weeks) and 40% decrease in post-operative complications (12.3% vs 20.8%). Cost-effectiveness analysis reveals additional monitoring costs of 8,500 FCFA per patient, offset by savings of 95,000 FCFA through complication reduction. Conclusions: Biochemical monitoring represents a promising, accessible approach to optimize maxillofacial surgery care in Africa. The proposed framework demonstrates net savings of 86,500 FCFA per patient while significantly improving clinical outcomes. Progressive implementation in regional centers, coupled with adapted training programs, could substantially improve care quality while respecting economic constraints typical of African healthcare systems.

Published in	Advances in Biochemistry (Volume 13, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ab.20251303.13
Page(s)	87-92
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Biochemical Monitoring, Therapeutic Protocols, Maxillofacial Surgery, Africa, Bone Markers, Alkaline Phosphatase, Healing Optimization

References

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APA Style

Daniel, N. T. F., Jocelyne, A. M. V. (2025). Biochemical Monitoring in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: Feasibility and Application Perspectives in African Context. Advances in Biochemistry, 13(3), 87-92. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20251303.13

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ACS Style

Daniel, N. T. F.; Jocelyne, A. M. V. Biochemical Monitoring in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: Feasibility and Application Perspectives in African Context. Adv. Biochem. 2025, 13(3), 87-92. doi: 10.11648/j.ab.20251303.13

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AMA Style

Daniel NTF, Jocelyne AMV. Biochemical Monitoring in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: Feasibility and Application Perspectives in African Context. Adv Biochem. 2025;13(3):87-92. doi: 10.11648/j.ab.20251303.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ab.20251303.13,
  author = {Nkolo Tolo Francis Daniel and Ama Moor Vicky Jocelyne},
  title = {Biochemical Monitoring in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: Feasibility and Application Perspectives in African Context
},
  journal = {Advances in Biochemistry},
  volume = {13},
  number = {3},
  pages = {87-92},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ab.20251303.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20251303.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ab.20251303.13},
  abstract = {Background: In sub-Saharan Africa, optimization of therapeutic protocols in maxillofacial surgery represents a major challenge faced with resource constraints, limited access to advanced imaging technologies, and complexity of pathologies. Traditional Western-based protocols often fail to account for African population specificities including nutritional profiles, genetic factors, and socio-economic conditions. Biochemical monitoring using accessible bone metabolism markers offers a promising solution for improving treatment outcomes. Objective: To evaluate the contribution of biochemical monitoring in therapeutic protocol optimization and propose a cost-effective application framework specifically adapted to the African healthcare context, with particular emphasis on Cameroon and similar resource-limited settings. Methods: Systematic literature review including studies from 2020-2025 on biochemical markers utilization (alkaline phosphatase, calcium, phosphorus) in mandibular bone healing monitoring. Search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and African Journals OnLine databases. Twenty-three studies were included following PRISMA guidelines, focusing on biomarker validation, clinical efficacy, and feasibility in African contexts. Results: Studies demonstrate significant correlations between biochemical markers and bone mineral density (r=0.8-1.0, pConclusions: Biochemical monitoring represents a promising, accessible approach to optimize maxillofacial surgery care in Africa. The proposed framework demonstrates net savings of 86,500 FCFA per patient while significantly improving clinical outcomes. Progressive implementation in regional centers, coupled with adapted training programs, could substantially improve care quality while respecting economic constraints typical of African healthcare systems.},
 year = {2025}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Biochemical Monitoring in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: Feasibility and Application Perspectives in African Context

AU  - Nkolo Tolo Francis Daniel
AU  - Ama Moor Vicky Jocelyne
Y1  - 2025/07/30
PY  - 2025
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20251303.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ab.20251303.13
T2  - Advances in Biochemistry
JF  - Advances in Biochemistry
JO  - Advances in Biochemistry
SP  - 87
EP  - 92
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2329-0862
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20251303.13
AB  - Background: In sub-Saharan Africa, optimization of therapeutic protocols in maxillofacial surgery represents a major challenge faced with resource constraints, limited access to advanced imaging technologies, and complexity of pathologies. Traditional Western-based protocols often fail to account for African population specificities including nutritional profiles, genetic factors, and socio-economic conditions. Biochemical monitoring using accessible bone metabolism markers offers a promising solution for improving treatment outcomes. Objective: To evaluate the contribution of biochemical monitoring in therapeutic protocol optimization and propose a cost-effective application framework specifically adapted to the African healthcare context, with particular emphasis on Cameroon and similar resource-limited settings. Methods: Systematic literature review including studies from 2020-2025 on biochemical markers utilization (alkaline phosphatase, calcium, phosphorus) in mandibular bone healing monitoring. Search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and African Journals OnLine databases. Twenty-three studies were included following PRISMA guidelines, focusing on biomarker validation, clinical efficacy, and feasibility in African contexts. Results: Studies demonstrate significant correlations between biochemical markers and bone mineral density (r=0.8-1.0, pConclusions: Biochemical monitoring represents a promising, accessible approach to optimize maxillofacial surgery care in Africa. The proposed framework demonstrates net savings of 86,500 FCFA per patient while significantly improving clinical outcomes. Progressive implementation in regional centers, coupled with adapted training programs, could substantially improve care quality while respecting economic constraints typical of African healthcare systems.
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Nkolo Tolo Francis Daniel

Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0000-9101-7008
Ama Moor Vicky Jocelyne

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1984-103X

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APA Style

Daniel, N. T. F., Jocelyne, A. M. V. (2025). Biochemical Monitoring in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: Feasibility and Application Perspectives in African Context. Advances in Biochemistry, 13(3), 87-92. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20251303.13

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ACS Style

Daniel, N. T. F.; Jocelyne, A. M. V. Biochemical Monitoring in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: Feasibility and Application Perspectives in African Context. Adv. Biochem. 2025, 13(3), 87-92. doi: 10.11648/j.ab.20251303.13

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AMA Style

Daniel NTF, Jocelyne AMV. Biochemical Monitoring in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: Feasibility and Application Perspectives in African Context. Adv Biochem. 2025;13(3):87-92. doi: 10.11648/j.ab.20251303.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ab.20251303.13,
  author = {Nkolo Tolo Francis Daniel and Ama Moor Vicky Jocelyne},
  title = {Biochemical Monitoring in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: Feasibility and Application Perspectives in African Context
},
  journal = {Advances in Biochemistry},
  volume = {13},
  number = {3},
  pages = {87-92},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ab.20251303.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20251303.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ab.20251303.13},
  abstract = {Background: In sub-Saharan Africa, optimization of therapeutic protocols in maxillofacial surgery represents a major challenge faced with resource constraints, limited access to advanced imaging technologies, and complexity of pathologies. Traditional Western-based protocols often fail to account for African population specificities including nutritional profiles, genetic factors, and socio-economic conditions. Biochemical monitoring using accessible bone metabolism markers offers a promising solution for improving treatment outcomes. Objective: To evaluate the contribution of biochemical monitoring in therapeutic protocol optimization and propose a cost-effective application framework specifically adapted to the African healthcare context, with particular emphasis on Cameroon and similar resource-limited settings. Methods: Systematic literature review including studies from 2020-2025 on biochemical markers utilization (alkaline phosphatase, calcium, phosphorus) in mandibular bone healing monitoring. Search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and African Journals OnLine databases. Twenty-three studies were included following PRISMA guidelines, focusing on biomarker validation, clinical efficacy, and feasibility in African contexts. Results: Studies demonstrate significant correlations between biochemical markers and bone mineral density (r=0.8-1.0, pConclusions: Biochemical monitoring represents a promising, accessible approach to optimize maxillofacial surgery care in Africa. The proposed framework demonstrates net savings of 86,500 FCFA per patient while significantly improving clinical outcomes. Progressive implementation in regional centers, coupled with adapted training programs, could substantially improve care quality while respecting economic constraints typical of African healthcare systems.},
 year = {2025}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Biochemical Monitoring in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: Feasibility and Application Perspectives in African Context

AU  - Nkolo Tolo Francis Daniel
AU  - Ama Moor Vicky Jocelyne
Y1  - 2025/07/30
PY  - 2025
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20251303.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ab.20251303.13
T2  - Advances in Biochemistry
JF  - Advances in Biochemistry
JO  - Advances in Biochemistry
SP  - 87
EP  - 92
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2329-0862
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20251303.13
AB  - Background: In sub-Saharan Africa, optimization of therapeutic protocols in maxillofacial surgery represents a major challenge faced with resource constraints, limited access to advanced imaging technologies, and complexity of pathologies. Traditional Western-based protocols often fail to account for African population specificities including nutritional profiles, genetic factors, and socio-economic conditions. Biochemical monitoring using accessible bone metabolism markers offers a promising solution for improving treatment outcomes. Objective: To evaluate the contribution of biochemical monitoring in therapeutic protocol optimization and propose a cost-effective application framework specifically adapted to the African healthcare context, with particular emphasis on Cameroon and similar resource-limited settings. Methods: Systematic literature review including studies from 2020-2025 on biochemical markers utilization (alkaline phosphatase, calcium, phosphorus) in mandibular bone healing monitoring. Search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and African Journals OnLine databases. Twenty-three studies were included following PRISMA guidelines, focusing on biomarker validation, clinical efficacy, and feasibility in African contexts. Results: Studies demonstrate significant correlations between biochemical markers and bone mineral density (r=0.8-1.0, pConclusions: Biochemical monitoring represents a promising, accessible approach to optimize maxillofacial surgery care in Africa. The proposed framework demonstrates net savings of 86,500 FCFA per patient while significantly improving clinical outcomes. Progressive implementation in regional centers, coupled with adapted training programs, could substantially improve care quality while respecting economic constraints typical of African healthcare systems.
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
ER  -

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