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Comparative Analysis of Responses to the Two Pertussis Epidemics that Occurred in the Health Districts of Lelouma, Mali and Lola, Guinea from November 2022 to April 2023

Received: 5 June 2023     Accepted: 25 June 2023     Published: 5 February 2024
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Abstract

Introduction: Guinea experienced two pertussis epidemics in two health Regions of the country between 2022 and 2023. The first occurred in two health districts in the Labe region and the second in the Lola health district in Nzerekore. The aim of the study was to compare the two responses and determine the epidemiological, clinical, and evolutionary characteristics of pertussis cases in concerned children, and to identify the risk factors for the commencement of the disease. We conducted a descriptive and comparative cross-sectional study of the response to the two pertussis epidemics from 03 to 16 January 2023 in the prefectures of Lelouma and Mali and from 15 to 25 April 2023 in the prefecture of Lola. Our study population was children suspected of having pertussis living in these localities. Results: A total of 146 suspected cases of pertussis were recorded out of 5,831 inhabitants of the affected localities (the overall attack rate was 34 cases per 1,000 inhabitants), with one case of death. During the first epidemic, we recorded 83 cases of Pertussis cough in Linsan Saran and 13 cases in Dougountouny. The median age was 4 years and 54% were boys. The epidemic began on 21 November 2022 in Linsan Saran and cases then appeared intermittently until 20 January 2023. The second epidemic recorded 50 cases, of which 5 were confirmed and one death was reported in the village of Gbee. The epidemic began on 18 March 2023 and ended on 25 April 2023. The lessons learnt from the first epidemic enabled the health authorities to bring the second epidemic under control quickly, and to prevent any further outbreaks and prevent it from spreading to other localities in the health district. In terms of financial resources deployed to contain the two epidemics, out of a total of GNF 261,256,448, 62.78% was used for the second epidemic, compared with 37.22% for the first. Conclusion: Our study shows that during both epidemics, the disease affected children with a median age of 4 and 3 years respectively. The risk factors for the occurrence of pertussis were low vaccination coverage among children with the disease, a history of contact with cases and promiscuity. The two epidemics were studied using the surveillance system set up by the Ministry of Health and implemented by the health district management teams.

Published in Central African Journal of Public Health (Volume 10, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/cajph.20241001.13
Page(s) 12-24
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Comparative Analysis, Pertussis, Epidemics, Health District, Penta 3, Guinea

References
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[16] Addisu Gize Yeshanew, Damtie Lankir, Jimmawork Wondimu, et Samrawit Salomon. Enquête sur l'épidémie de coqueluche dans le nord-ouest de l'Éthiopie: une étude communautaire. 2022. 17 (2) nih. Disponible sur: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8830691/.
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    Kouame, J. K., Sow, S., Sow, A., Diallo, A. O., Balde, M. O., et al. (2024). Comparative Analysis of Responses to the Two Pertussis Epidemics that Occurred in the Health Districts of Lelouma, Mali and Lola, Guinea from November 2022 to April 2023. Central African Journal of Public Health, 10(1), 12-24. https://doi.org/10.11648/cajph.20241001.13

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    ACS Style

    Kouame, J. K.; Sow, S.; Sow, A.; Diallo, A. O.; Balde, M. O., et al. Comparative Analysis of Responses to the Two Pertussis Epidemics that Occurred in the Health Districts of Lelouma, Mali and Lola, Guinea from November 2022 to April 2023. Cent. Afr. J. Public Health 2024, 10(1), 12-24. doi: 10.11648/cajph.20241001.13

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    AMA Style

    Kouame JK, Sow S, Sow A, Diallo AO, Balde MO, et al. Comparative Analysis of Responses to the Two Pertussis Epidemics that Occurred in the Health Districts of Lelouma, Mali and Lola, Guinea from November 2022 to April 2023. Cent Afr J Public Health. 2024;10(1):12-24. doi: 10.11648/cajph.20241001.13

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  • @article{10.11648/cajph.20241001.13,
      author = {Jean Konan Kouame and Sadou Sow and Abdoulaye Sow and Alpha Oumar Diallo and Mamadou Oury Balde and Seydou Dia and Mariama Souare and Mamadou Alpha Diallo and Kadiata Bah and Alain Ntumba Katende and Mouctar Kande and Sekou Solano and Issiaga Konate and Fode Bangaly Diakite and Kassie Fangamou and Pepe Bilivogui and Mamadou Bhoye Diallo and Amadou Lamarana Sow and Aly Antoine Kamano and Mamadou Pathe Bah and Bonata Seck and Monemou Louise and Amadou Bailo Diallo and Jean Marie Kipela},
      title = {Comparative Analysis of Responses to the Two Pertussis Epidemics that Occurred in the Health Districts of Lelouma, Mali and Lola, Guinea from November 2022 to April 2023},
      journal = {Central African Journal of Public Health},
      volume = {10},
      number = {1},
      pages = {12-24},
      doi = {10.11648/cajph.20241001.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/cajph.20241001.13},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.cajph.20241001.13},
      abstract = {Introduction: Guinea experienced two pertussis epidemics in two health Regions of the country between 2022 and 2023. The first occurred in two health districts in the Labe region and the second in the Lola health district in Nzerekore. The aim of the study was to compare the two responses and determine the epidemiological, clinical, and evolutionary characteristics of pertussis cases in concerned children, and to identify the risk factors for the commencement of the disease. We conducted a descriptive and comparative cross-sectional study of the response to the two pertussis epidemics from 03 to 16 January 2023 in the prefectures of Lelouma and Mali and from 15 to 25 April 2023 in the prefecture of Lola. Our study population was children suspected of having pertussis living in these localities. Results: A total of 146 suspected cases of pertussis were recorded out of 5,831 inhabitants of the affected localities (the overall attack rate was 34 cases per 1,000 inhabitants), with one case of death. During the first epidemic, we recorded 83 cases of Pertussis cough in Linsan Saran and 13 cases in Dougountouny. The median age was 4 years and 54% were boys. The epidemic began on 21 November 2022 in Linsan Saran and cases then appeared intermittently until 20 January 2023. The second epidemic recorded 50 cases, of which 5 were confirmed and one death was reported in the village of Gbee. The epidemic began on 18 March 2023 and ended on 25 April 2023. The lessons learnt from the first epidemic enabled the health authorities to bring the second epidemic under control quickly, and to prevent any further outbreaks and prevent it from spreading to other localities in the health district. In terms of financial resources deployed to contain the two epidemics, out of a total of GNF 261,256,448, 62.78% was used for the second epidemic, compared with 37.22% for the first. Conclusion: Our study shows that during both epidemics, the disease affected children with a median age of 4 and 3 years respectively. The risk factors for the occurrence of pertussis were low vaccination coverage among children with the disease, a history of contact with cases and promiscuity. The two epidemics were studied using the surveillance system set up by the Ministry of Health and implemented by the health district management teams.
    },
     year = {2024}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Comparative Analysis of Responses to the Two Pertussis Epidemics that Occurred in the Health Districts of Lelouma, Mali and Lola, Guinea from November 2022 to April 2023
    AU  - Jean Konan Kouame
    AU  - Sadou Sow
    AU  - Abdoulaye Sow
    AU  - Alpha Oumar Diallo
    AU  - Mamadou Oury Balde
    AU  - Seydou Dia
    AU  - Mariama Souare
    AU  - Mamadou Alpha Diallo
    AU  - Kadiata Bah
    AU  - Alain Ntumba Katende
    AU  - Mouctar Kande
    AU  - Sekou Solano
    AU  - Issiaga Konate
    AU  - Fode Bangaly Diakite
    AU  - Kassie Fangamou
    AU  - Pepe Bilivogui
    AU  - Mamadou Bhoye Diallo
    AU  - Amadou Lamarana Sow
    AU  - Aly Antoine Kamano
    AU  - Mamadou Pathe Bah
    AU  - Bonata Seck
    AU  - Monemou Louise
    AU  - Amadou Bailo Diallo
    AU  - Jean Marie Kipela
    Y1  - 2024/02/05
    PY  - 2024
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/cajph.20241001.13
    DO  - 10.11648/cajph.20241001.13
    T2  - Central African Journal of Public Health
    JF  - Central African Journal of Public Health
    JO  - Central African Journal of Public Health
    SP  - 12
    EP  - 24
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2575-5781
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/cajph.20241001.13
    AB  - Introduction: Guinea experienced two pertussis epidemics in two health Regions of the country between 2022 and 2023. The first occurred in two health districts in the Labe region and the second in the Lola health district in Nzerekore. The aim of the study was to compare the two responses and determine the epidemiological, clinical, and evolutionary characteristics of pertussis cases in concerned children, and to identify the risk factors for the commencement of the disease. We conducted a descriptive and comparative cross-sectional study of the response to the two pertussis epidemics from 03 to 16 January 2023 in the prefectures of Lelouma and Mali and from 15 to 25 April 2023 in the prefecture of Lola. Our study population was children suspected of having pertussis living in these localities. Results: A total of 146 suspected cases of pertussis were recorded out of 5,831 inhabitants of the affected localities (the overall attack rate was 34 cases per 1,000 inhabitants), with one case of death. During the first epidemic, we recorded 83 cases of Pertussis cough in Linsan Saran and 13 cases in Dougountouny. The median age was 4 years and 54% were boys. The epidemic began on 21 November 2022 in Linsan Saran and cases then appeared intermittently until 20 January 2023. The second epidemic recorded 50 cases, of which 5 were confirmed and one death was reported in the village of Gbee. The epidemic began on 18 March 2023 and ended on 25 April 2023. The lessons learnt from the first epidemic enabled the health authorities to bring the second epidemic under control quickly, and to prevent any further outbreaks and prevent it from spreading to other localities in the health district. In terms of financial resources deployed to contain the two epidemics, out of a total of GNF 261,256,448, 62.78% was used for the second epidemic, compared with 37.22% for the first. Conclusion: Our study shows that during both epidemics, the disease affected children with a median age of 4 and 3 years respectively. The risk factors for the occurrence of pertussis were low vaccination coverage among children with the disease, a history of contact with cases and promiscuity. The two epidemics were studied using the surveillance system set up by the Ministry of Health and implemented by the health district management teams.
    
    VL  - 10
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • World Health Organization, Conakry, Guinea

  • World Health Organization, Conakry, Guinea; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, University Gamal Abdel Nasser, Conakry, Guinea

  • Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, University Gamal Abdel Nasser, Conakry, Guinea

  • Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, University Gamal Abdel Nasser, Conakry, Guinea

  • World Health Organization, Conakry, Guinea

  • World Health Organization, Conakry, Guinea

  • World Health Organization, Conakry, Guinea

  • World Health Organization, Conakry, Guinea

  • World Health Organization, Conakry, Guinea

  • World Health Organization, Conakry, Guinea

  • World Health Organization, Conakry, Guinea

  • World Health Organization, Conakry, Guinea

  • World Health Organization, Conakry, Guinea

  • World Health Organization, Conakry, Guinea

  • Regional Health Directorate, Labe, Guinea

  • Regional Health Directorate, Nzerekore, Guinea

  • World Health Organization, Conakry, Guinea

  • Regional Health Directorate, Labe, Guinea

  • World Health Organization, Conakry, Guinea

  • Regional Health Directorate, Labe, Guinea

  • Regional Health Directorate, Nzerekore, Guinea

  • Regional Health Directorate, Nzerekore, Guinea

  • World Health Organization, Dakar Office, Dakar, Senegal

  • World Health Organization, Conakry, Guinea

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