Among label free detection based biosensors, Field-Effect Transistor (FET) biosensors are gaining interest due to their special characteristics, such as high sensitivity, fast response, small size, complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) compatibility, integration with electronic circuits capability, low power and low-cost mass level manufacturing etc. This review paper presents an extensive analysis of biosensors based on Metal Oxide Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET) for label free detection including classification, and sensing mechanism. A detailed discussion on Ion sensitive field-effect transistor (ISFET) biosensor which works under wet environment and Dielectric Modulated FET based biosensors which work in dry environment is presented. Other new emerging MOSFET architectures for biosensing such as, silicon nanowire, Tunnel FET, Graphene FET, and organic FET are also discussed.

DensityBiosensor, Dielectric Modulated FET, Graphene FET, Label Free Detection, MOSFET, Silicon Nanowire, Tunnel FET