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Human Visualization of Brain Tumor Classifications Using Deep CNN: Xception + BiGRU
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
147-156
Received:
27 September 2021
Accepted:
9 October 2021
Published:
19 October 2021
Abstract: Throughout the world, brain tumors have become a medical priority as more people suffer from this malignant disease worldwide. In the field of computer science, researchers have been studying to utilize MRI scans to its fullest potential, in recognizing signs of tumors early on, and utilizing computers and convolutional neural networks to process massive amounts of patient data at once in hopes of saving lives. This investigation finds out the specifications of visualization of MRI scans and how filters and layers are used to identify lethal tumors in the brain. For one of our main methods, a pre-trained model to improve accuracy was used - the Xception model. This showed a contrast between previous existing models as those fully connected layers were added to the back of existing ones. Our main proposed model of Xception + Bidirectional GRU had the highest accuracy of 82% out of 7 different models. In our proposed model, Convolutional layers were used to extract specific features of an image and process other similar images in the same way. By using 3 layers of Convolution, Activation, and Max pooling, we saw the networks focus on the actual tumors in the brain by distinguishing patterns in images and focusing on that area to create visual representations. Principal components of this research were the ability to visualize abnormal features of brain scan images to filter out and layer regions to bring attention to tumors in the brain.
Abstract: Throughout the world, brain tumors have become a medical priority as more people suffer from this malignant disease worldwide. In the field of computer science, researchers have been studying to utilize MRI scans to its fullest potential, in recognizing signs of tumors early on, and utilizing computers and convolutional neural networks to process m...
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New Challenge for Addiction Care-MSM with Chemsex Consumption Pattern
Anne Iking,
Katrin Gruemer
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
157-162
Received:
28 May 2021
Accepted:
22 June 2021
Published:
24 November 2021
Abstract: The present article reflects on the need for Men who have sex with men (MSM) with addicted chemsex consumption behavior and presents a specified treatment concept. The individual therapeutic challenges for this group of users consists of the distinct functionalization of substance use for initiating and engaging in sexual activity as well as the resulting strong association between sexual activity and substance use and vice versa. Intensive psychotherapeutic and addiction treatment is needed to decouple substance use and sexual activity, with the ultimate goal of promoting sexual activity without substance use. This treatment initially starts with stimulus control and continues to exposure and re-initiation of sexual activities without substance use. Since the first treatment inquiries through “Aidshilfe Cologne”, the salus klinik Huerth, department of addiction care, has developed a treatment approach for MSM with addicted chemsex behavior, which is focused on the function of drugs for sexual activity and aims at encouraging a lifestyle of engaging in sexual activity without substance use. The article provides information regarding the necessity of a specific treatment approach by comparing initial data about differences between MSM with chemsex as compared to men with other substance use behavior and examines implications for the practice.
Abstract: The present article reflects on the need for Men who have sex with men (MSM) with addicted chemsex consumption behavior and presents a specified treatment concept. The individual therapeutic challenges for this group of users consists of the distinct functionalization of substance use for initiating and engaging in sexual activity as well as the re...
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Psychopathology and Operational Definition of Signs and Symptoms in Present Forensic Psychiatry: A Second Look
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
163-169
Received:
13 June 2021
Accepted:
26 June 2021
Published:
24 November 2021
Abstract: Jaspers regarded a delusion as a perverted view of reality that is incorrigibly held. According to him, delusions have three components: They are held with unusual conviction, and are not amenable to logic; meanwhile the absurdity or erroneousness of their content is manifest to other people. While Norman Cameron’s pseudo-community, a supposed community of conspirators, was a historical description about conditions that favor the development of delusional disorders, modern technology and advancement of new communicative tools, like smart phone, hidden camera, satellite, internet, stealthy or scheming tricks and setups, like double-crossing and masquerading scenarios, stressful circumstances, furtive or hectic arrangements, creating a scene to deceive, hack, or tampering, have brought about an increasing possibility of conspiracy by prejudiced or inimical people, which may amplify the conceivable diagnostic faults by more curbing of examiner’s vigilance. On the other hand, it is the duty of forensic and clinical psychiatrist to discover any kind of deceptive entrapment or simulation. In the present article, such eccentricities, which may have come about in new time, have been discussed briefly, especially with respect to Paranoia and Paranoid ideation, and some solutions for better demarcation of the pertained problems and completion of psychopathological operational definitions have been suggested, incidentally, for defending the individuals’ civil rights.
Abstract: Jaspers regarded a delusion as a perverted view of reality that is incorrigibly held. According to him, delusions have three components: They are held with unusual conviction, and are not amenable to logic; meanwhile the absurdity or erroneousness of their content is manifest to other people. While Norman Cameron’s pseudo-community, a supposed comm...
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Dance Therapy in the Management of the Disorder of the Aggressive Behaviour of a Patient Followed at the Addictology and Mental Hygiene Service (SAHM) of Abidjan
Yao Etienne Kouadio,
Etobo Innocent Ahounou,
Brahim Samuel Traoré,
Ettié Silvie Kouassi,
Yessonguilana Jean-Marie Yéo-Ténéna
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
170-174
Received:
19 October 2021
Accepted:
8 November 2021
Published:
11 December 2021
Abstract: Dance as a method of treatment for behavioural disorder is very old and goes beyond dancing by using the whole body to reach the patient mainly on a non-verbal and creative level. It assists in the understanding, integration and well-being of clinical populations by alleviating their adverse symptoms. Dance therapy is very useful in the management of behavioural disorders in that it aims to treat the patient in both body and mind. The present study aims at highlighting the interest of dance therapy in the management of the aggressive behaviour disorder of a young patient followed at the Service d'Addictologie et d'Hygiène Mentale (SAHM) of Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. This is a monograph that took place from 11 July to 12 September 2019. It is built around a student who was 21 years old at the time of the study, a substance user, in conflict with his mother who was exclusively responsible for his education, and who was received in consultation for this purpose in this outpatient care centre and relay to psychiatric hospitals. The use of body movement in space, often accompanied by music, during ten weekly sessions, combined with drug therapy in her treatment protocol, reduced her aggressive impulses, her use of ABP and improved her self-control and her relationship with her mother.
Abstract: Dance as a method of treatment for behavioural disorder is very old and goes beyond dancing by using the whole body to reach the patient mainly on a non-verbal and creative level. It assists in the understanding, integration and well-being of clinical populations by alleviating their adverse symptoms. Dance therapy is very useful in the management ...
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Social Network Misuse in Black African Subjects: Results of the Application of the Facebook Addiction Scale to 1000 Students in Ivory Coast
Traoré Brahim Samuel,
Amichia Affibè Woria,
Ahounou Etobo Innocent,
Goncé Dion Aristide,
Coulibaly Pornan,
Ipou Yves Stéphane,
Yeo-Tenena Yessonguilana Jean-Marie
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
175-180
Received:
25 October 2021
Accepted:
19 November 2021
Published:
29 December 2021
Abstract: With the popularization of digital tools in Black Africa, the observation of the problematic use of Facebook raises questions about the emergence of new forms of behavioral addiction in a socio-cultural space that seemed to be spared from it until now. In conducting this descriptive cross-sectional study of 1000 black students at the University of Félix Houphouët-Boigny, our objective was to investigate behavioral addiction to Facebook among black African users of this digital social network. The results of the study revealed that in 28.3% of the cases, the daily connection time exceeded 5 hours with extremes of more than 8 hours (9.4%). Our respondents showed psycho-emotional and behavioral disturbances related to the connection to Facebook. These were: insomnia with phase delay (32.3%), irritability in the absence of connection (3.3%), narrowing of physical social interactions (8.3%) and neglect of one's needs (2.3%) in favor of Facebook use. The application of the Facebook Addiction Scale found a prevalence of problematic use at 11.8% in this study population. Given the problematic use of this social network, the hypothesis of the existence of an addiction to Facebook is supportable regardless of the socio-cultural area. The presence of signs of behavioral addiction, the psycho-emotional disturbances attributable to the regular use of this tool in some users and the suffering expressed by them, illustrates it pertinently.
Abstract: With the popularization of digital tools in Black Africa, the observation of the problematic use of Facebook raises questions about the emergence of new forms of behavioral addiction in a socio-cultural space that seemed to be spared from it until now. In conducting this descriptive cross-sectional study of 1000 black students at the University of ...
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Machado Joseph's Disease in a Togolese Family: A Case Report
Vinyo Kodzo Kumako,
Kokouvi Panabalo Waklatsi,
Kossivi Apetse,
Komi Igneza Agbotsou,
Komi Assogba,
Agnon Ayelola Koffi Balogou
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
181-184
Received:
30 October 2021
Accepted:
14 December 2021
Published:
29 December 2021
Abstract: Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are rare neurodegenerative disorders of adults characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance. Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) or ASC type 3 is the most common worldwide. We report the first cases of MJD in a Togolese family. We performed a cross-sectional study based on a case of MMJ disease confirmed by genetic testing. We then conducted a family survey to identify suspected familial cases of the disease. The confirmed case was a 46 year old Togolese woman of Ewe ethnicity (south of Togo), hypertensive, who was seen in consultation for speech and walking disorders that had been progressively worsening for 9 years and had been confined to a wheelchair for 3 years. In the family history, we noted similar cases without a precise diagnosis. On examination, we noted cerebellar dysarthria, difficulties in performing calculations, spastic tetraparesis at 4/5, kinetic and static ataxia. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed cerebral atrophy more marked in the posterior fossa. Genetic analysis revealed the presence of an expanded allele located in the pathological zone at the ASC3 locus, which confirmed the diagnosis. The family investigation allowed us to identify six suspected cases on clinical grounds. This observation confirms the ubiquitous nature of MJD. The existence of a family history of gait disorders in a patient with cerebellar ataxia should raise the possibility of ASC.
Abstract: Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are rare neurodegenerative disorders of adults characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance. Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) or ASC type 3 is the most common worldwide. We report the first cases of MJD in a Togolese family. We performed a cross-sectional study based on a case of MMJ disease confirmed by genetic testin...
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Evaluation of the Oral Status of Persons Living with Epilepsia in a Rural Community in Togo
Vinyo Kodzo Kumako,
Damelan Kombate,
Kossivi Apetse,
Agba Lehleng,
Georges Todin Dovi Djagba,
Mofou Belo,
Agnon Ayelola Koffi Balogou
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
185-188
Received:
30 October 2021
Accepted:
10 December 2021
Published:
29 December 2021
Abstract: Purpose: Epilepsy, one of the most common brain disorders in the world, is a universal disease with multiple causes, often curable. Frequent seizures are the cause of trauma of all kinds, wounds, fractures, burns. Lesions often concern the face and the oral sphere. This study took place in a rural environment, in Nadoba in the Tamberma country, in the north of Togo, and concerned people who had been enclosed in a valley for several hundred years. Objective: We therefore set out to assess the state of oral health among persons living with epilepsia in the Tamberma environment. Method: This was a cross-sectional survey conducted from 30 November 2001 to 29 January 2002 and covering 10 of the 13 villages in Nadoba. The choice of population was random and used door-to-door. The methodology was inspired by the protocol drawn up in 1980 by the WHO concerning surveys in developing countries. Oral pathologies have been studied in two different populations of epileptics and non-epileptics. Results: Oral pathology was studied in 98 people with epilepsy (PE) screened and 200 people without epilepsy (PNE) among the 6249 inhabitants of Nadoba. The proportion of gingival hypertrophy was significantly (p=0.0001) higher in EPs than in NEPs (p=5.77 1012). The proportion of traumatized anterior teeth was higher in EPs than in NEPs (p=1.15 108). Lingual scars were only noted in EPs: 13 cases (13.26%). Conclusion: This work has made it possible to account for the importance of oral lesions in this rural community and in epileptics in particular in order to set up a prevention policy within the framework of primary health care.
Abstract: Purpose: Epilepsy, one of the most common brain disorders in the world, is a universal disease with multiple causes, often curable. Frequent seizures are the cause of trauma of all kinds, wounds, fractures, burns. Lesions often concern the face and the oral sphere. This study took place in a rural environment, in Nadoba in the Tamberma country, in ...
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The Theme of the Self and the Relationship Between Psychoanalysis and Neuroscience
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
189-200
Received:
29 November 2021
Accepted:
23 December 2021
Published:
29 December 2021
Abstract: The theme of the Self helps to enlighten the relationship «by difference» between psychoanalysis and neuroscience. They in fact investigate human subjectivity by different methods, conceptual and linguistic systems. The psychoanalytical models of the Self as the experience that everyone has of himself and the psychoanalytical models of the Self as a set of representations within the Ego, easily converge towards an unified theory of subjectivity. The comparison with the main neurobiological models of the Self shows that the aim of founding this theory to a neurobiological ground encounters great empirical and logical difficulties. This highlights the limits of the program of the reduction-identification of psychoanalytical with neurobiological concepts, based on finding correlations «point-by-point» between the two disciplines. The «correlationism» driving the comparisons between psychoanalysis and neuroscience subtends the neurobiological foundation of psychoanalysis and its ontological and methodological subordination to neuroscience. The relationship between the two disciplinary areas proposed in this work is based instead on the principle of the difference of perspectives and of the complexity of reality. It substitutes the aim of the reduction-identification of psychoanalytical with neurobiological concepts with an epistemological pluralism promoting their dialectical confrontation in sight of the continuos deepening of the knowledge of human subjectivity.
Abstract: The theme of the Self helps to enlighten the relationship «by difference» between psychoanalysis and neuroscience. They in fact investigate human subjectivity by different methods, conceptual and linguistic systems. The psychoanalytical models of the Self as the experience that everyone has of himself and the psychoanalytical models of the Self as ...
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