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Factors of Uncontrolled Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in the City of Boma
Blaise Makoso Nimi,
Timothee Mawisa Nkemfuni,
Gaston Katomba Zeba,
Piroger Phoba Mbadu,
Roland Vangu Vangu,
Fabrice Nlandu Thamba,
Gédeon Longo Longo,
Memoria Makoso Nimi
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, January 2022
Pages:
1-6
Received:
5 August 2021
Accepted:
16 August 2021
Published:
20 January 2022
Abstract: Hypertension is a public health problem and represents the main factor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is the main modifiable risk factor for stroke, heart and kidney disease (CKD). Kidney disease (CKD) is both a common cause and a sequel to uncontrolled hypertension. This article reviews the main factors in the non-control of hypertension in chronic kidney disease. Methods: Cross-sectional and analytical study including 395 patients admitted to the Internal Medicine department of HGR / Boma from January 1, 2018 to January 2019. Socio-demographic, clinical and biological data were studied. A multivariate logistic regression model identified factors associated with hypertension control at the 0.05 threshold. Results: The frequency of uncontrolled hypertension was 38%. Patients < 60 years of age were more common (80%). Male subjects were more affected. The majority of patients had stage 2 kidney disease according to KDIGO (46.8%). The determinants of non-control of arterial hypertension in multivariate analysis: age > 60 years (p < 0,005), tobacco (p < 0,047) of abdominal obesity (p < 0,008) and hypercholesterolemia (p < 0,014). Conclusion: The prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension in patients with chronic kidney disease is high. It is therefore important to take into account the non-control factors in the management of hypertension.
Abstract: Hypertension is a public health problem and represents the main factor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is the main modifiable risk factor for stroke, heart and kidney disease (CKD). Kidney disease (CKD) is both a common cause and a sequel to uncontrolled hypertension. This article reviews the main factors in the non-control ...
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Analysis of Death Cause Monitoring Results of Residents in Jingxi City, Guangxi from 2019 to 2020
Wang Fuchun,
Wei Fengxian,
Liang Guoyue
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, January 2022
Pages:
7-10
Received:
28 December 2021
Accepted:
13 January 2022
Published:
24 January 2022
Abstract: Objective understand the main causes and death levels of residents in Jingxi City from 2019 to 2020, and provide a reference for formulating disease prevention and control strategies and measures. Methods According to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10), the data of residents’ death monitoring data in Jingxi City from 2019 to 2020 are classified, and a brief life table is made. Excel 2016 and SPSS 21.0 software are used to analyze the crude death rate, standardized death rate, and composition. Results statistical analysis of indicators such as ratio, cause of death, and life expectancy, from 2019 to 2020, the crude death rate of residents in Jingxi City’s death cause monitoring was 1165.97/100, 000, and the standardized death rate was 964.80/100, 000. Males were higher than females. There were differences in the main causes of death among people in different years and different age groups. The top 5 causes of death and mortality of residents in Jingxi City are heart disease 126.35/100, 000, cerebrovascular disease 117.48/100, 000, malignant tumor 86.24/100, 000, respiratory disease 53.69/100, 000, injury and poisoning 20.10/100, 000. The top 5 causes of death accounted for 71.92% of the total number of deaths in the population. The average life expectancy of residents is 78.16 years, and the life expectancy of women is higher than that of men. Conclusion cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, Malignant tumors, respiratory diseases, injuries and poisoning are currently the main causes of death affecting the healthy lifespan of residents in Jingxi City. These diseases should be the focus of prevention and control in the future, and national health education should be strengthened to improve the health of residents.
Abstract: Objective understand the main causes and death levels of residents in Jingxi City from 2019 to 2020, and provide a reference for formulating disease prevention and control strategies and measures. Methods According to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10), the data of residents’ death monitoring data in Jingxi City from 2019 to 2020...
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Relationship Between Vitamin D Status and Incidences of Falls Among the Elderly in Some South-Eastern Communities of Nigeria
Ezra Agbo,
Collins Amadi,
Chika Okwor,
Ijeoma Meka,
Adeyinka Akande,
Promise Aloysius
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, January 2022
Pages:
11-16
Received:
4 January 2022
Accepted:
19 January 2022
Published:
26 January 2022
Abstract: Background: Vitamin D has been known to play an important role in musculoskeletal health. As a result, it is postulated that low vitamin D status is responsible for falls in the elderly due to the genomic role of the vitamin on Vitamin-D-receptors (VDR) in muscle cells and its non-genomic role in calcium influx into muscles. Hence, the present study aimed to establish the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and fall events in the elderly to reduce morbidity. Methods: It was a prospective, case-controlled, and cross-sectional study of 89 patients aged ≥ 60 years that had experienced at least one fall in the previous 12 months in three rural communities of Enugu State and their 124 age-matched controls. Serum 25(OH)D was assayed by enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay and the number of falls was obtained from interviewer-administered questionnaires. Acquired data were analyzed using descriptive and comparative statistical methods. Result: The mean serum 25(OH)D level of patients was significantly lower than that of controls (patients 24.6±7.2 ng/mL versus controls 56.0±9.2 ng/mL; p=0.0001), and showed a significant negative correlation with the number of falls in the elderly (r=-0.347, p=0.002). Nevertheless, no significant difference in serum 25(OH)D levels of male and female patients and control groups was observed (p>0.05). There was a statistically increasing number of falls with increasing age and decreasing serum 25(OH)D levels (p=0.0001) among the patients. Conclusion: It can be concluded from this study that serum 25(OH)D level is inversely related to the number of falls experienced by the elderly irrespective of gender.
Abstract: Background: Vitamin D has been known to play an important role in musculoskeletal health. As a result, it is postulated that low vitamin D status is responsible for falls in the elderly due to the genomic role of the vitamin on Vitamin-D-receptors (VDR) in muscle cells and its non-genomic role in calcium influx into muscles. Hence, the present stud...
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Physical, Chemical and Biological Factors as Occupational Health and Safety Hazards Among Workers in Cement Industries in the South-South Region of Nigeria
Noah Oluwatope Emmanuel,
Achalu Ernest,
Kingsley Douglas
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, January 2022
Pages:
17-21
Received:
26 October 2021
Accepted:
12 November 2021
Published:
5 February 2022
Abstract: Hazard in the workplace can cause illness or injury to the mental, physical and social wellbeing and thereby cause loss of production or working time. Workers in cement factories may not be fully aware of the factors responsible for health and safety hazards in their workplace, hence this study in order to find out if physical, chemical and biological factors are responsible for occupational health and safety hazards among workers in cement industries in the South-South region of Nigeria. Consequently, the population for the study consisted of site workers in two cement industries in the South-South geopolitical zone of Nigeria. The population consists of more Male workers which represent 70% of the total population and few female workers which represent 30% of the total population for the study. A total of 403 questionnaires were distributed with 391 returned giving a return rate of 97.02%. The returned questionnaires were examined and 6 were rejected because they were incomplete or responses were unclear, while 12 were not retrieved. The final 385 questionnaires (98.5%) of the returned questionnaires are considered to be representative of the sample and were used for analysis. The study adopted a multi-stage sampling procedure and Taro Yamane formula to draw the samples. The study revealed that physical, chemical and biological factors were responsible for health and safety hazards among workers. Recommendations were thereby made which are personal protective equipment against physical, chemical and biological hazards should be provided and the use enforced at all times while periodic medical examination policy should be adopted by management to help reduce cases of health problems.
Abstract: Hazard in the workplace can cause illness or injury to the mental, physical and social wellbeing and thereby cause loss of production or working time. Workers in cement factories may not be fully aware of the factors responsible for health and safety hazards in their workplace, hence this study in order to find out if physical, chemical and biologi...
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Condom Use in Male Partners and Associated Factors Among HIV-positive Women Who Accessed PMTCT Services During Pregnancy in Jos, Nigeria
Halima Mwuese Sule,
Henrietta Chinenye Oyeocha,
Mark Davou Gyang,
Tinuade Abimbola Oyebode,
Charles Ujunwa Anyaka,
Dinchi Olawumi,
Lisa Lyop Patrick
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, January 2022
Pages:
22-29
Received:
2 January 2022
Accepted:
24 January 2022
Published:
16 February 2022
Abstract: Despite being on antiretroviral therapy, during unprotected sex, a HIV-infected pregnant woman can transmit HIV not only to a HIV-negative sexual partner but also pose a risk for reinfection with new or resistant viral strains between her and a HIV-positive sexual partner, and ultimately to her baby. Condom use is a recognized strategy to reduce this risk if practiced consistently. This study set out to determine condom use and associated factors among a cohort of women who attended PMTCT clinic in Jos University Teaching hospital. Methods: Ninety-six enrolled women provided information about themselves and their male partners via a questionnaire, and other relevant information was obtained from their hospital records. Data obtained was analyzed using Epi info version 7 (CDC Atlanta, GA). The mean age of the women was 36.4±4.5 years. They were predominantly married (90.6%), Christians (75.0%), and educated above primary school level (88.6%). The mean age of the male partners was 45.3±6.1 years and over half of them (57.3%) were HIV-positive. The prevalence of consistent condom use in the participants was low (26.0%). Only 4.2% of male partners had ever received counselling in the PMTCT clinic. Factors significantly associated with condom use were younger age of male partner (mean ± SD=43.0±4.7 years), younger age of pregnant women (mean ± SD=34.2±3.3 years), Christian faith of the women, male partners having ever accompanied their pregnant woman for counselling in the PMTCT clinic and viral load of < 1000 copies/ml (P value=0.0290, 0.0035, 0.0440, 0.0227 and 0.0045 respectively). The practice of consistent condom use among male partners of HIV-positive pregnant women attending PMTCT clinic in JUTH was low, suggesting the need for improved strategies to optimize its usage. Involvement of male partners in PMTCT counselling is significantly associated with consistent condom use and should therefore be advocated to augment efforts towards fighting sexual and perinatal HIV transmission.
Abstract: Despite being on antiretroviral therapy, during unprotected sex, a HIV-infected pregnant woman can transmit HIV not only to a HIV-negative sexual partner but also pose a risk for reinfection with new or resistant viral strains between her and a HIV-positive sexual partner, and ultimately to her baby. Condom use is a recognized strategy to reduce th...
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Knowledge of Health Staff About Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (POAG) in Gagnoa
Philippe France Emile Koffi Bilé,
Gossé François Diomandé,
Konan Manmi Sienou Marguerite Pascaline,
Kouassi Franck-Herman Koffi,
Ange Mickaël Goulé,
Jean Firmin Assouan,
Yves Ouattara,
Yves Ibrahim Abib Diomandé
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, January 2022
Pages:
30-33
Received:
18 January 2022
Accepted:
11 February 2022
Published:
25 February 2022
Abstract: Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is an anterior optic neuropathy, of chronic and progressive course, characterized by papillary and campimetric alterations. It is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide. Its insidious evolution, without clinical manifestation perceived by the patient, is inexorably towards irreversible blindness. Early diagnosis and management are crucial to prevent this fatal outcome. All health personnel should be a relay of awareness and communication on priority and especially potentially blinding diseases such as glaucoma. This chronic pathology has an impact both on the individual and on society as a whole, as it affects young adults in professional activity. Thus it acts on the productivity of the latter who constitute the working population of a nation. From these facts arise the interest of a good knowledge of the warning signs by a greater number of medical personnel in order to quickly direct patients to specialists for adequate care. The aim of this study was to assess the degree of knowledge of the disease and to determine its epidemiological and clinical characteristics among the health personnel working at the Gagnoa General Hospital. At the end of the study, the lack of knowledge of glaucomatous pathology by medical staff was highlighted. Community awareness, systematic screening of subjects from quarantine, ongoing training of medical staff on glaucomatous disease that will help reduce the prevalence of glaucomatous blindness.
Abstract: Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is an anterior optic neuropathy, of chronic and progressive course, characterized by papillary and campimetric alterations. It is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide. Its insidious evolution, without clinical manifestation perceived by the patient, is inexorably towards irreversible blindness. Early di...
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Negative Electrization of Air as a Means of Counteracting Airborne Viral Infections
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, January 2022
Pages:
34-39
Received:
28 January 2022
Accepted:
14 February 2022
Published:
25 February 2022
Abstract: Geneticists and genetic engineers, who constantly introduce nucleic acids into target cells, have experimentally proven that positive electrization of the external environment of cells increases the permeability of cell membranes to nucleic acids. Moreover, they experimentally found that those nucleic acids that are part of positively charged complexes, mostquickly penetrate into cells. Thus, the practical experience of geneticists and genetic engineers convincingly proves that the positive electrization of both the cellular environment and the objects present in it, increases the permeability of cytoplasmic membranes for the latter. Accordingly, all this suggests that the positive electrization of the internal environment of the human body promotes the penetration of foreign nucleic acids, especially viral, into its cells. Moreover, given the function of extracellular protons in creating a proton motive force that directs glucose into cells, it can be argued that the positive electrization of the external environment of human cells contributes to the reproduction of viruses in them. Accordingly, it can be expected that the negative electrization of the human internal environment should prevent both the penetration of viral nucleic acids into cells, and the reproduction of viruses there. Naturally, all this allows us to offer negative electrization of the air as the most affordable means to combat airborne viral infections. Offering such a means, we expect that the negative electrization of the air that a person inhales will lead to the same electrization of his internal environment, first of all – his respiratory tracts, which are the first to come into contact with viruses contained in the air. The validity of this offer is discussed here.
Abstract: Geneticists and genetic engineers, who constantly introduce nucleic acids into target cells, have experimentally proven that positive electrization of the external environment of cells increases the permeability of cell membranes to nucleic acids. Moreover, they experimentally found that those nucleic acids that are part of positively charged compl...
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The Knowledge and Preparedness of Public Health Midwives of Most Affected MOH Areas in Kalutara on Maternal and Child Health During Disasters
Lasantha Krishan Hirimuthugoda,
Gajaman Kankanamge Vasirirasu,
Nihal Kumara Randombage,
Kodagoda Pathiranage Jayanetti Kumara,
Chintaka Vajirapani Sri Rangodage
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, January 2022
Pages:
40-47
Received:
18 January 2022
Accepted:
8 February 2022
Published:
28 February 2022
Abstract: In a disaster pregnant women and children are at a higher risk than other population, because they have special physical and psychosocial needs which require continued care despite the community circumstances. Therefore, it is essential a presence of an experienced health worker, who is more aware of disaster planning and preparedness to serve the needs of the pregnant women and children. Objectives are to assess the knowledge, preparedness and associated factors of Public Health Midwives in 3 mostly affected MOH areas on maternal and child care during disasters. Methods: Between July to September 2016, all PHM in 3 MOH areas, (total of 78) were selected for the study to collect data by a self-administered questionnaire. The participants were surveyed of their personal information, information about their field, history of disasters occurred in their field, knowledge on maternal and child care in disasters, level of disaster preparedness and trainings received on disaster management. The knowledge and preparedness were analyzed in relation to the socio-economic and demographic characteristics of the participants. Results: The study results revealed that only 47.3% of PHMs were having a good knowledge on maternal and child care during disasters and especially they need to improve the knowledge in natal care, new-born care and infant care. Relatively they had a good knowledge on antenatal care and child care. There was no significant association between the age, educational level, field experience, MOH area and facing of disasters in the past with the knowledge, which reflects that every one should have a good knowledge in disasters in spite of any circumstances. The preparedness for disasters among the study population was 33.8% and most of them didn’t think of the possible disasters that can happen in their fields and didn’t have a response plan. The level of preparedness was not significantly associated with other factors like age, educational level, field experience, MOH area or previous exposure to disasters. 58.1% of the participants were not learned about disaster management in any instance in their service period and 94.6% not participated in any training programme. Conclusion & Recommendation: The PHM in 3 MOH areas should be promoted to get further educational qualifications to upgrade their knowledge. They should be encouraged to gain more knowledge and preparedness on disasters by giving service appreciation and awards for that field.
Abstract: In a disaster pregnant women and children are at a higher risk than other population, because they have special physical and psychosocial needs which require continued care despite the community circumstances. Therefore, it is essential a presence of an experienced health worker, who is more aware of disaster planning and preparedness to serve the ...
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The Effects of Handwashing Education on Knowledge and Practice Among Primary School Children in Makkah City
Hiba Hamad Al Nadwi,
Ali Hammad Alzahrani,
Bakr Bakr Kalo,
Raghad Alhajaji,
Omar Bari
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, January 2022
Pages:
48-57
Received:
24 January 2022
Accepted:
10 February 2022
Published:
28 February 2022
Abstract: Objectives: The study objectives to assess the effects of health education on knowledge and practice of handwashing among school children, in addition to emphasize the importance of including handwashing lessons in primary school curriculums, and to stress the need for providing the related facilities. Methods: This randomized control trial, 139 participants were recruited after their parents’ consent and demographic data was acquired. They were randomly allocated to education (n=67) and control (n=72) arms. The school children were evaluated by a self administered questionnaire for knowledge, and an observation-checklist by the research team for practice. They were assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and follow up. The education arm received a learning session consisting of a presentation, a video tutorial, and a practice session. The collected data was analyzed using Mann-Whitney test via SPSS software version 25. Results: The response rate was (92%). The knowledge assessment displayed significant improvement in the education arm’s scores at post-intervention and follow up (p value <0.001). Similarly, the practice assessment showed a marked enhancement in the education arm’s scores that was statistically significant (p value <0.001) at both post-intervention and follow up. Conclusion: The intensive progress in handwashing knowledge and practice among school children was demonstrated through provision of handwashing education.
Abstract: Objectives: The study objectives to assess the effects of health education on knowledge and practice of handwashing among school children, in addition to emphasize the importance of including handwashing lessons in primary school curriculums, and to stress the need for providing the related facilities. Methods: This randomized control trial, 139 pa...
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