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An Overview of Metabolic Syndrome and Cameroonian Natural Agents Use in the Management of Associated Factors
Fabrice Fabien Dongho Dongmo,
Diana Ngo Hagbe,
Guileine Linda Dongho Zongning,
Suzie Vanissa Nkepndep Touohou,
William Djeukeu Asongni,
Ghislain Maffo Tazoho,
Landry Lienou Lienou,
Aymar Rodrigue Fogang Mba,
Nicolas Policarpe Nolla,
Rebecca Madeleine Ebelle Etame,
Rosalie Anne Ngono Ngane,
Inocent Gouado
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2023
Pages:
100-128
Received:
24 August 2023
Accepted:
14 September 2023
Published:
8 October 2023
Abstract: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a group of metabolic disorders that include central obesity, hyperglycaemia, dyslipidemia, hypertension and having an increasing risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. Cameroon, is encounting a significant increase in the prevalence and associated factors in recent decades. In fact, the existing literature showed the prevalence of MetS in Cameroon from 7.0 to 41.1% according to the area and period of study and to the concerned specific groups. It is the same for the associated factors with a prevalence of 8.0 to 69.1% for obesity and overweight; 3.4 to 75.4% for dyslipidaemia; 4.8 to 20.5% for diabetes; and 4.1 to 46.5% for hypertension. For the management of MetS and associated factors, natural substances are complementary or alternative choices regarding the limited side effects of common chemical therapeutics. Cameroonian biodiversity offers a wide variety of natural substances. The present review briefly overviews the MetS and identifies from literature, natural agents useful in the management of MetS and associated factors in Cameroon. Ethnomedicine and ethnobotany studies revealed plant resources of which 18 species are used for at least three associated factors, 195 for one or two factors. Studies done on biological properties revealed five resources, plants being the most represented of which 63 active on at least three factors and 66 on one or two factors. The other resources represented by mushrooms (11 species), marine products (08 species of fishes and 01 species of algae), insects (02 species) and probiotics (02 species) were active on at least two factors. A total of 312 species of which 288 plants are identified useful for management of MetS and associated factors in Cameroon.
Abstract: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a group of metabolic disorders that include central obesity, hyperglycaemia, dyslipidemia, hypertension and having an increasing risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. Cameroon, is encounting a significant increase in the prevalence and associated factors in recent decades. In fact, the existing literature showed t...
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Assessing the Efficacy and Safety of African Herbal Medicine for Treatment of Diseases in Tanzania
Never Zekeya,
Khalfan Kiondo,
Azizi Msuya,
Jafari Kideghesho
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2023
Pages:
129-136
Received:
27 August 2023
Accepted:
25 September 2023
Published:
8 October 2023
Abstract: Herbal medicines play a greater role in prevention and management of both communicable and noncommunicable diseases. However, most communities misuse and abuse traditional medicines when using without revealing their safety and efficacy and sometimes heal by associating with myth. Water concoction of Bersama abyssinica stembark and Ocimum gratissimum leaves, a registered herbal medicine (Care Spiradul ®) in Tanzania was screened for active metabolites, antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity activity for validating its use for treatment of respiratory related diseases. This herbal remidy has been used for treatment of Asthma, pneumonia, Tuberculosis, Lung cancer, COVID-19 and other respiratory diseases. The extraction of active compounds was done by decoction and infusion of stem and leaves respectively in clean and soft water (7.0pH). Ten (100g) of stem bark was soaked in IL of water boiled at 100°C for 15 followed by infusion of 10g leaves when decoction temperature reached 80°C for 20 minutes and thereafter left for cooling. The resultant concoction was filtered using muslin cloth to separate particles and phytochemical analysis was done using GC-MS and LM-MS/MS techniques. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence five active compounds in groups of coumarin, flavonoid, glucose, acid and vitamin namely; 3-acetamido coumarin, 3-hydroxy -3-4-5 trimethoxyflavone, 3-hydroxy -3-4-5 trimethoxyflavone, B-D glucopyranose, 1,6-anhydro, citric acid and vitamin C respectively which showed a synergetic effect against respiratory diseases. This study revealed effectiveness of water extract for treatment of respiratory diseases including COVID-19, asthma, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, Tuberculosis and diarrhea. This study revealed the efficacy and safety of Care Spiradul and recommends further study on clinical trial and improvement of formulation into dry package to increase shelf life.
Abstract: Herbal medicines play a greater role in prevention and management of both communicable and noncommunicable diseases. However, most communities misuse and abuse traditional medicines when using without revealing their safety and efficacy and sometimes heal by associating with myth. Water concoction of Bersama abyssinica stembark and Ocimum gratissim...
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Research Article
Phytochemistry and Antibacterial Activity of Platycerium coronarium (Tanduk Rasa Fern) Leaf Extracts
Alule Robert*,
Isabirye Isaac,
Walugembe Joel
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2023
Pages:
137-147
Received:
5 November 2023
Accepted:
21 November 2023
Published:
29 November 2023
Abstract: Medicinal plants have been utilized for centuries and continue to be a global resource for healthcare. They offer a potentially safer and more cost-effective alternative to conventional pharmaceuticals, which can pose health risks and financial burdens, especially in low-income communities. This study investigated the antimicrobial properties of Platycerium coronarium leaf extracts against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The extraction process involved maceration with methanol, ethanol, and chloroform solvents. Each extract was independently tested for antibacterial activity using the agar well diffusion method. Qualitative phytochemical analysis was conducted, revealing the presence of saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, and glycosides in the methanol and ethanol extracts. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values were determined for the methanol extract against S. aureus. Results indicate that the methanol extract exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity (8.5mm) against S. aureus, followed by the ethanol extract (7mm), while the chloroform extract showed no antimicrobial effect. None of the extracts showed antimicrobial activity against E. coli. These findings suggest that Platycerium coronarium leaf extracts hold promise as natural antimicrobial agents. Further research, including in vivo studies, is required to evaluate their efficacy, safety, and mechanism of action against Gram-positive bacterial infections. Such investigations could contribute to the development of affordable alternatives to combat antibiotic resistance and alleviate medication costs in underserved communities.
Abstract: Medicinal plants have been utilized for centuries and continue to be a global resource for healthcare. They offer a potentially safer and more cost-effective alternative to conventional pharmaceuticals, which can pose health risks and financial burdens, especially in low-income communities. This study investigated the antimicrobial properties of Pl...
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Research Article
Cytotoxic Properties on Prostate and Cervical Cancer Cells in Culture of «Acti-plus», a Recipe Based on Medicinal Plants from Burkina Faso
Marc Donald Wilfried Adico,
Bagora Bayala*,
Bapio Valérie Elvira Jean Télesphore Bazié,
Lassina Traoré,
Albert Théophane Yonli,
Jacques Simporé
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2023
Pages:
148-155
Received:
6 November 2023
Accepted:
29 November 2023
Published:
11 December 2023
Abstract: Medicinal plants are increasingly emerging as a real alternative that can contribute to the fight against cancer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate in vitro the antiradical, anti-lipoxygenase and cytotoxic properties on cancerous cells in culture of the medicinal recipe «Acti-plus». The extraction of «Acti-plus» was carried out according the instructions of the traditional health practitioner. Phytochemical screening, as well as the determination of polyphenols and total flavonoids were performed using characterization and assay tests by spectrometry as well as by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC). Antiradical tests for trapping DPPH and ABTS radicals were used to measure the antioxidant potential. Anti-lipoxygenase activity was studied using 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) inhibition test. The cytotoxic activity of aqueous extract of «Acti-plus» was evaluated in vitro on human cancers cell using MTT test. The results of the study showed that aqueous extract of «Acti-plus» contains flavonoids, coumarins and tannins. Total phenolic compounds (TPC) and total flavonoids (TFC) were 61.95 ± 0.01 mg GAE/g dry extract and 43.01 ± 0.05 mg QE/g dry extract respectively. The extract exhibited excellent scavenging capacity of DPPH (IC50 = 9.33 ± 1.53 µg/mL) and ABTS (IC50 = 53.33 ± 0.89 µg/mL) radicals antioxidant potential. The study also found that the extract moderately inhibits 15-lipoxygenase at 100 µg/mL. Aqueous extract of «Acti-plus» inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner the proliferation of the three cell lines with best activity (IC50 = 0.317 ± 0.02 mg/mL) on prostate cancer PC-3 cells. These properties give a rational basis for the use of the recipe «Acti-plus» in traditional medicine in Burkina Faso.
Abstract: Medicinal plants are increasingly emerging as a real alternative that can contribute to the fight against cancer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate in vitro the antiradical, anti-lipoxygenase and cytotoxic properties on cancerous cells in culture of the medicinal recipe «Acti-plus». The extraction of «Acti-plus» was carried out according th...
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