Split Application of Calcium Carbonate for Acid Soil Amelioration, Soybean and Maize Performance in Acid Prone Areas of South Western Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 2, June 2022
Pages:
48-52
Received:
1 February 2022
Accepted:
21 April 2022
Published:
28 April 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajere.20220702.11
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Abstract: The high cost of inorganic fertilizers and high amount of lime application has precluded their use by smallholder farmers to remedy the problem of soil acidity and infertility in Ethiopia. To address the problem, we tested a precision technique referred to as micro-dosing of CaCO3 which involves application of small, affordable quantities of calcium carbonate on an acid soil in Jimma and Ilu Abba Bora, Ethiopia. Experimental treatments were CaCO3 (0, 6.5, 12.5, 25 and 33% of recommended lime based on calcium carbonate equivalence) of the actual requirement. Maize and soybean grain yield and above ground biomass were determined. CaCO3 were significantly affected both soybean and maize grain yield, above ground biomass and number of pods per plant for soybean. The highest grain yield of soybean was 14.2Qu/ha and biomass were 7.69t/ha due to 33% of CaCO3 lime application. Similarly, the highest grain yields of maize were 57.39 Qu /ha due to 33% of CaCO3 lime application. However, economically 6.5% CaCO3 is the best or economically feasible. Therefore, micro-dosing of CaCO3 can increase maize and soybean production on acid soils of Jimma and Ilu Abba Bora area and micro-dosing application of CaCO3 was an efficient and economically affordable method for small scale farmers.
Abstract: The high cost of inorganic fertilizers and high amount of lime application has precluded their use by smallholder farmers to remedy the problem of soil acidity and infertility in Ethiopia. To address the problem, we tested a precision technique referred to as micro-dosing of CaCO3 which involves application of small, affordable quantities of calciu...
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The Impact of Small Scale Irrigation on the Income and Food Security Among Small-Scale Farmers in Ethiopia: A Review
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 2, June 2022
Pages:
53-59
Received:
20 April 2022
Accepted:
31 May 2022
Published:
9 June 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajere.20220702.12
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Abstract: Irrigation in Ethiopia is perceived as a key approach to minimize poverty, food insecurity, and rising income. Irrigation has various positive and harmful effects on the country as a whole. Based on the studies conducted in Ethiopia, the reviewer is intended to review the impact of small-scale irrigation on smallholder farmers' income, food security, and health condition in Ethiopia. Different documents carried out in Ethiopia were reviewed as the source. The income of the smallholder farmers was improved positively and significantly due to practicing small-scale irrigation as reviewed. The occurrence of waterborne diseases including malaria, schistosomiasis, cholera, bilharzia, typhoid, diarrhea, and bacterial dysentery within the irrigation practicing system was significantly higher than in the rain-fed practicing system. Therefore, initiating private investment in delivering inputs, manufacturing, distributing, and maintaining irrigation technologies should be expected from local, woreda, zonal, and national level administration as well as other private bodies. Building strong capacity in information management, technical capacity, and know-how at national, regional, zonal, and woreda levels on planning, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation viewpoint related to irrigation management to improve irrigation practice among users have to be required.
Abstract: Irrigation in Ethiopia is perceived as a key approach to minimize poverty, food insecurity, and rising income. Irrigation has various positive and harmful effects on the country as a whole. Based on the studies conducted in Ethiopia, the reviewer is intended to review the impact of small-scale irrigation on smallholder farmers' income, food securit...
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Dynamic Quantile Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Stock Markets in African Countries: Evidence from Rolling Window Analysis
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 2, June 2022
Pages:
60-67
Received:
19 May 2022
Accepted:
11 June 2022
Published:
27 June 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajere.20220702.13
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Abstract: A few studies have been conducted to present the impact that COVID-19 has had on the cost of mobile markets. The objective was to use rolling quantile and quantile on quantile strategies to report the quantile elements between COVID 19 and stock markets using daily data of COVID-19 cases, COVID-19 deaths and stock market ranging from 1st March 2020 to July 31, 2020 to estimate the relative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on stock market performance in these countries. Quantile cointegration demonstrate that inventory costs are installed with COVID-19 cases, while QQRs show a weak positive relationship at upper quantiles of inventory costs, and a strong negative consequence is observed at lower quantiles of inventory costs. Overall, our posterior estimates show that in relative terms, stock market performance in Africa has reduced significantly during COVID-19. We view that, during our example period, there is basically no chance that the COVID-19 pandemic will significantly affect stock exchange execution in Africa. The experimental results demonstrated that the relapse coefficients of the quantile of financial exchanges changed with COVID-19 cases over the long term and were generally huge for countries without guarantees (5 countries among the 8 countries); furthermore, the results showed that COVID-19 cases can influence the stock market in certain quantiles. Our discoveries add to the conversation and examination on the monetary effect of the COVID-19 pandemic by giving exact proof that the pandemic has limiting consequences for financial exchange execution in African economies. A quantile-on-quantile survey found that the impacts of COVID-19 on market actions differed across quantiles and were heterogeneous and dynamic.
Abstract: A few studies have been conducted to present the impact that COVID-19 has had on the cost of mobile markets. The objective was to use rolling quantile and quantile on quantile strategies to report the quantile elements between COVID 19 and stock markets using daily data of COVID-19 cases, COVID-19 deaths and stock market ranging from 1st March 2020...
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