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Disinfectant Effectiveness Against SARS-CoV-2 and Surrogates Using Cell Culture and RT-PCR
Sudha Bhavanam,
Mathew Diggle,
Jiaao Yu,
Xiaoli Lilly Pang
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
78-82
Received:
27 August 2021
Accepted:
24 September 2021
Published:
21 October 2021
Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes the global COVID-19 pandemic. Limited studies have been performed on various types of disinfectants utilized to control the spread of this highly contagious virus. This study aimed to investigate the inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 surrogate virus, hCoV-229E using an in vitro to test the anti-infectivity activity of the humidifier buffers (A and B, LumichemTM). A real-time reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) assay was used to evaluate the effectiveness of these disinfectants on the degradation of viral RNA in a time dependent manner. The effects of disinfectants on viral infectivity were determined using a tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50) assay of a surrogate virus, hCoV-229E, in MRC-5 cell culture. The results demonstrated that the LumichemTM buffers A and B had a 2 to 3-log10 reduction inactivation using cell culture after a short exposure compared to the control, indicating the disinfection efficacy of the tested anti-infectivity compounds. The LumichemTM buffers A and B in addition did not affect the viral genomic RNA of a surrogate virus, hCoV-229E, thus representing an additional benefit with a negligible impact to operators and those in close contact when providing in-situ operational cleaning.
Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes the global COVID-19 pandemic. Limited studies have been performed on various types of disinfectants utilized to control the spread of this highly contagious virus. This study aimed to investigate the inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 surrogate virus, hCoV-229E using an in vitro to test th...
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Prevalence of Thrombocytopenia Among Pregnant Women in Tripoli Region /Libya
Sumaya Elgodwi,
Mustafa Lawar,
Abdussattar Saadallah
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
83-88
Received:
2 October 2021
Accepted:
21 October 2021
Published:
29 October 2021
Abstract: Thrombocytopenia is the definition of a condition in which the number of platelets is less than 150,000 / ml, and this deficiency may be the result of a lack of platelet production in the bone marrow or an increase in their breakdown in the connective tissue. This condition is common in pregnant women, with a global prevalence of about 7%. This study aims to find out the prevalence of this condition among pregnant women in the Tripoli area. A cross-sectional study design was used to assess the prevalence of thrombocytopenia among pregnant women who have visited the obstetrical ward department of obstetrics and gynecology in Al jalaa Hospital, Tripoli from January to April 2021. 1700 pregnant women have been included in the study during their follow-up in Al jalaa hospital of gynecology and obstetrics at the time of the study. 2 milliliters of venous blood were collected under aseptic conditions and transferred into (EDTA) tubes. The complete blood cell counts were determined using a Sysmex analyzer. Sony computer CORE i7 was used, bivariable statistical analysis was carried on using Microsoft office excel to evaluate the effect of an independent variable over the dependent variable. Results shows that 18% of pregnant women were thrombocytopenic; this thrombocytopenia was increased with age, upon the classification and severity of thrombocytopenia 78.5% were mild, and 21.5% were moderate thrombocytopenic with no sever cases. Conclusion: It can be concluded that thrombocytopenia disorders in pregnancy are very common in the Tripoli region, the prevalence of thrombocytopenia increased with the increase in the gestational age to reach the maximum at the third trimester of gestation.
Abstract: Thrombocytopenia is the definition of a condition in which the number of platelets is less than 150,000 / ml, and this deficiency may be the result of a lack of platelet production in the bone marrow or an increase in their breakdown in the connective tissue. This condition is common in pregnant women, with a global prevalence of about 7%. This stu...
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Serum Level of Parathyroid Hormone, Alkaline Phosphatase, Calcium and Ionized Calcium After Forearm Fractures
Abdelsamie Halawa,
Ahmed Mohamed Morsi,
Ahmed Kamel Hassan,
Waleed Mohamed Fathy Moussa
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
89-95
Received:
11 October 2021
Accepted:
29 November 2021
Published:
11 December 2021
Abstract: Background: During the last decades, our understanding of fracture healing has evolved rapidly. Bone can heal without forming a fibrous scar and, as such, the process of fracture healing recapitulates bone development and may be considered a form of tissue regeneration. The cell and tissue proliferation and differentiation processes involved in fracture healing are regulated by growth factors, inflammatory cytokines, antioxidants, hormones, amino acids, and other nutrients. Objective: To identify changes in serum level of calcium, ionized calcium, alkaline phosphatase and parathyroid hormone according to mode of trauma (low and high energy) in forearm fractures. Patients and Methods: 50 Patients with forearm fracture were prospectively recruited from the emergency department within 48 hours of sustaining the fracture. Patients included in the study were asked to avoid calcium supplementation during fracture healing. Results: Mean PTH was elevated in both groups at Day 1 with low energy group was insignificantly higher than high energy group, whereas after 8 weeks mean PTH level decreased in both groups but in low energy group mean PTH level was significantly higher than high energy group. Mean ALP level increased in both groups at Day 1 whereas in low energy group it was insignificantly higher than that of high energy group, After 8 weeks mean ALP level insignificantly decreased to normal level in both groups. Mean serum calcium level was below normal level in both groups where it was insignificantly higher in high energy group than that of low energy group which increased after 8 weeks in both groups but remained insignificantly elevated in high energy than low energy group. Mean serum ionized calcium level was below normal level at Day 1 in both groups whereas it was insignificantly higher in high energy group than low energy group which after 8 weeks increased in both groups but remained insignificantly elevated in high energy group than low energy group. Conclusion: Serial monitoring of these markers reflect the actual status of bone resorption, and bone formation respectively over a short period. Thus, they can be used as an adjunct to clinical and radiological evidence of fracture healing.
Abstract: Background: During the last decades, our understanding of fracture healing has evolved rapidly. Bone can heal without forming a fibrous scar and, as such, the process of fracture healing recapitulates bone development and may be considered a form of tissue regeneration. The cell and tissue proliferation and differentiation processes involved in fra...
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Pulsed Intense-field Lasers Can Evoke EEG Contactlessly and Noninvasively, Which Might Become a Means of Manipulating Consciousness or Behaviors Remotely
Zhenyou Zou,
Baifei Shen,
Jiancai Xu,
Jiamei Tang,
Fengyao Wu,
Xiaodie Gao,
Tongjun Xu,
Shun Li,
Yue Yang,
Wenpeng Wang,
Qiqiong Shen,
Jing Cai,
Jini Qi,
Xiaolin Chen,
Longhua Tang,
Liu Yang,
Yaping Zhou,
Jingdan Lao,
Yizhuang Zhou,
Jie Tan
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
96-100
Received:
11 December 2021
Accepted:
23 December 2021
Published:
29 December 2021
Abstract: Background: The idea of remotely manipulating other people or animals without contact or invasion has existed long time ago. Many people have tried, but no one really make it happen. Recently, the technique of Brain-Computer interfacing is mushrooming. It was said researchers had partially realized the direct communication with brain and even the manipulation of the subject's behavior via a chip embedded in the brain. Nevertheless, for the trauma of implantation, such chip-intrusive method is not favorite to the healthy people. Objective: To explore a contactless and noninvasive technique to remotely manipulate the consciousness and behaviors of animals or humans. Methods: The anesthetized mice or sciatic nerve samples were caged in an air-filled bottle and set as the target. A pulsed intense-field laser (PIFL) beam (λ=532 nm; P=20 TW; E=0.1 J/cm2; pulse width=30 fs; f=1 Hz) was emitted to the targets 1.2 m away. Results: θ-Rhythm mouse brain waves were evoked and recorded, and potentials in the detached frog sciatic nerve were stimulated without contact or invasion. Conclusion: The experiments shown that Pulsed Intense-field Lasers can evoke EEG and potentials in nerves contactlessly and noninvasively. It inspired us that we can remotely manipulate consciousness or behaviors on animals or humans by PIFL, which might bring about development to the Information Science and provide new medical treatment.
Abstract: Background: The idea of remotely manipulating other people or animals without contact or invasion has existed long time ago. Many people have tried, but no one really make it happen. Recently, the technique of Brain-Computer interfacing is mushrooming. It was said researchers had partially realized the direct communication with brain and even the m...
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