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Genotypic and Phenotypic Correlation and Path Coefficient for Quantitative Traits in Field Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Genotypes at Arsi Highland of Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
61-66
Received:
9 August 2021
Accepted:
29 September 2021
Published:
28 October 2021
Abstract: In Ethiopia, field pea (Pisum sativum L.) is the main source of protein for resource poor growers. The improvement of varieties for yield and disease resistance is one of the important activities to support farmers and improve the productivity of the crop. Consequently, this study was showed to evaluate the genotypic correlations, phenotypic correlations and path coefficient analysis between the field pea genotypes for yield and yield associated traits. Forty-nine field pea genotypes were evaluated in simple lattice design at two locations Bekoji and Asasa in 2018/2019 cropping time of year. Grain yield per plot had positive and highly significant genotypic association through plant height whereas highly significant phenotypic correlation observed between grain yield and plant height and biomass yield. At Bekoji genotypic path analysis, days to 50% flowering, plant height, grain filling period, thousand seed weight, harvest index and total biomass showed strong positive direct effect on grain yield per plot. At Asasa the path analysis for grain yield at genotypic level showed that harvest index, thousand seed weight, plant height, days to 50% flowering and days to 95% physiological maturity and total biomass yield exerted positive direct effect on grain yield per plot. Path coefficient analysis at genotypic levels of the combined data exhibited that days to 50% flowering and total biomass per plot had strong positive direct effect on grain yield per plot. The phenotypic path analysis of the combined data revealed total biomass yield, thousand seed weight, plant height and days to maturity has strong positive direct effect on grain yield per plot. The study showed the existence of reasonable genetic variability between the field pea genotypes that can be exploited in breeding programs.
Abstract: In Ethiopia, field pea (Pisum sativum L.) is the main source of protein for resource poor growers. The improvement of varieties for yield and disease resistance is one of the important activities to support farmers and improve the productivity of the crop. Consequently, this study was showed to evaluate the genotypic correlations, phenotypic correl...
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Implication of the Cytochrome P-450c17α (CYP17α) Gene in the Tumor Progression of Uterine Fibroids in Senegalese Women
Diallo Mariama,
Ciss Daouda,
Keneme Bineta,
Gaye Alfousseyni,
Sembene Pape Mbacke
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
67-77
Received:
20 September 2021
Accepted:
14 October 2021
Published:
28 October 2021
Abstract: Uterine fibroids, also known as leiomyomas, uterine myomas or fibroleiomyomas, are benign, encapsulated uterine tumors consisting of smooth muscle fibers of the uterus and connective tissue, the most common in the female genital tract. They affect 20 to 25% of women of childbearing age and are 3 to 9 times more common in black women than in white women, and nearly 70% of those close to 50 years of age. Uterine myomas are a real public health problem. The cost of treating them is expensive and the only treatment deemed effective is surgery. The rapid progression of leiomyomas during the childbearing years and regression after menopause indicate that estrogen plays a key role as a growth factor for these tumors. To contribute to the knowledge of the etiological factors involved in the tumor process of uterine fibroids, the study of the Cytochrome P-450c17α gene (CYP17α), involved in the hydroxylation of estrogen, has been carried out. Our study population consisted of 57 patients with uterine fibroids. After sampling (tumour tissue and peripheral blood), molecular analysis were done (DNA extraction, PCR-sequencing). Raw data were submitted to Mutation Surveyor 5.0.1 for mutation identification and AlamutVisual 2.12 software. The pathogenicity of each non-synonymous mutation was evaluated using Polyphen-2, Mutation Taster and SIFT. After cleaning, correction and alignment of sequences with BioEdit 7.0.8.0, genetic diversity, genetic differentiation and polymorphism of the gene CYP17α in correlation with epidemiological factors were determined with DNASP 5.10.01, MEGA 7.0.14, Arlequin 3.5.3.1 and the statistical software RStudio 3.5.1. Our results showed 84 mutations characterizing a high rate of tumor tissue polymorphism but also a genetic difference between tumor and peripheral blood. The mutation c.-34T>C which is located in the 5' promoter region at 34 bp upstream of the translation initiation site was found in patients with uterine fibroids. No genetic structuring of the CYP17α gene according to clinico-pathological parameters was observed. In conclusion, the cytochrome P450 enzymes responsible for highly specific reactions in the steroid biosynthesis pathway are gaining interest as molecular targets, given their role clé́ in the formation of various very potent endogenous steroid hormones. Indeed, current treatments for tumors, particularly fibroids, are mainly surgical and expensive. It is therefore essential to develop and evaluate alternatives to surgical procedures.
Abstract: Uterine fibroids, also known as leiomyomas, uterine myomas or fibroleiomyomas, are benign, encapsulated uterine tumors consisting of smooth muscle fibers of the uterus and connective tissue, the most common in the female genital tract. They affect 20 to 25% of women of childbearing age and are 3 to 9 times more common in black women than in white w...
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Genetic Variability, Heritability and Correlation Coefficient in Production Traits of Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Genotypes
Barkat Ali,
Sujon Kumar,
Waleed Ahmed
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
78-88
Received:
29 October 2021
Accepted:
15 November 2021
Published:
27 November 2021
Abstract: An experiment was carried out to measure variability, heritability, genetic advance and correlation coefficient for yield and yield related traits in ten Pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes at Tarnab-Peshawar, during cropping season 2016-17. To identify the best genotypes for further breeding these genotypes were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications. All genotypes were grown in 3m long ridges, which were kept 60cm apart where plant to plant distance was 30cm. To reduce experimental error, cultural practices were performed uniformly for all genotypes. Data was collected from ten randomly selected plants from each genotype in each replication. Highly significant (p ≤ 0.01) differences were observed for days to 50% flowering, plant height, primary branches plant-1, days to maturity, pods plant-1, pod length, fresh pod shelling percentage, 100-seeds fresh and dry weight, seeds pod-1 and seed yield plant-1. Among genotypes Sultan was best for 50% flowering (50.38), days to maturity (122.08) and fresh pod shelling percentage (65.29%). Genotype PL-4 had maximum plant height (142.08 cm), pods plant-1 (39.96) and seed yield plant-1 (52.04 g). Anmol had maximum 100-seed fresh (43.90 g) and dry (21.29 g) weight. Genotype Sarsabz had maximum primary branches plant-1 whereas Adventa Selection had maximum pod length (8.86 cm) and seeds pod-1 (6.26). The estimates of heritability and genetic advance were high for days to 50% flowering (0.99, 35.38%), plant height (0.95, 46.88%) and seed yield plant-1 (0.97, 62.47%). High heritability with moderate genetic advance were observed for days to maturity (0.97, 20.20%), pod length (0.95, 15.37%) fresh pod shelling percentage (0.82, 21.58%), 100-seed fresh (0.90, 29.52%) and dry weight (0.93, 22.68%). Significant and positive phenotypic coefficient of correlation was exhibited by seed yield plant-1 with plant height (rp = 0.64), days to 50% flowering (rp= 0.63), days to maturity (rp = 0.78), pods plant-1 (rp = 0.72), pod length (rp = 0.66), fresh pod shelling percentage (rp = 0.64), 100-seed fresh weight (rp = 0.65) and 100-seed dry weight (rp = 0.62). Significant and positive genotypic coefficient of correlation was exhibited by seed yield plant-1 with plant height (rg= 0.81), days to maturity (rg= 0.70) and pods plant-1 (rg= 0.84). Among tested genotypes Sultan, PL-4, Anmol and Sarsabz performed better, therefore could be used in future breeding programs.
Abstract: An experiment was carried out to measure variability, heritability, genetic advance and correlation coefficient for yield and yield related traits in ten Pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes at Tarnab-Peshawar, during cropping season 2016-17. To identify the best genotypes for further breeding these genotypes were evaluated in a randomized complete blo...
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Screening of Wheat Genotypes (Triticum spp) Against Yellow Rust in Arsi, Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
89-96
Received:
6 November 2021
Accepted:
7 December 2021
Published:
24 December 2021
Abstract: Wheat is one of the most widely grown cereal crops globally. Most wheat production in Ethiopia comes from small holder farmers. It is the third most important cereal crop after teff (Eragrostis tef) and maize (Zea mays) in area coverage and production in Ethiopia. The pathogen causing stripe rust disease infects the green parts on the cereals and grasses. Infection can happen anytime from the one-leaf to plant maturity phase provided the host plants are still green. Screening of 38 wheat genotypes (Triticum spp) was made to identify resistant against yellow rust (Puccinia Striforma.fs.Tritici) at Kulumsa agricultural research center and Meraro station in 2015 cropping season in Ethiopia. The experiment was laid out in augmented (non- replicated) design. Each plot consisted of two rows of 1-m long with spacing of 0.20m between rows. The average coefficient of infection varied from 0 to 100. The disease was as high as 100 CI on the susceptible check Lackech. The field response of wheat lines on resistance wheat lines were zero. Wheat lines Denbi, Mangudo, Hetossa, DZ -04-118, Yerer, Meraro and bollo had the least average coefficient of infection and regarded as resistance and wheat lines LD-157, dashen, lackech, Kulkulu and kubsa had the highest average coefficient of infection and regarded as susceptible to yellow rust at field.
Abstract: Wheat is one of the most widely grown cereal crops globally. Most wheat production in Ethiopia comes from small holder farmers. It is the third most important cereal crop after teff (Eragrostis tef) and maize (Zea mays) in area coverage and production in Ethiopia. The pathogen causing stripe rust disease infects the green parts on the cereals and g...
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