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Termiticidal Evaluation of Jatropha curcas (Linn), Thevetia peruviana (Pers) and Moringa oleifera (Lam) Seed Extracts on Gmelina arborea (Roxb) and Daniellia oliveri (Rolfe) Wood

Received: 26 July 2017     Accepted: 11 August 2017     Published: 1 September 2017
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Abstract

This study was intended at developing cheap and eco-friendly wood preservatives from Jatropha curcas, Thevetia peruviana and Moringa oleifera seed extracts for the control of termites on Gmelina arborea and Daniellia oliveri wood species. Seeds were collected from Makurdi Timber Shed, dried, and pounded into powder. Seed extracts were prepared using n hexane and hot water extraction methods. The oil extracts were vaporized and 10%, 20% and 30% were constituted. Wooden samples of Gmelina arborea and Daniellia oliveri were cut to 2 cm x 2 cm x 4 cm, air dried for 3 days and soaked in each plant extracts for 24 hours. Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates was used with a total of 21 treatments including untreated, solvent treated and Solignum treated wood. Phytochemical screening of seed extracts showed the presence of flavonoids and steroids. Incidence of termites attack on Daniellia oliveri wood started from week 3 on 10% Jatropha curcas, Thevetia peruviana, Moringa oleifera oil treated, n hexane treated and untreated. While attack on Gmelina arborea wood started in week 5 on n hexane treated and untreated. Whereas attack on 30% Jatropha curcas, Thevetia peruviana, Moringa oleifera oil treated wood started in week 7. Percentage weight loss of Gmelina arborea wood (17.44%) and Daniellia oliveri wood (25.85%) were least with 30% Thevetia peruviana n hexane treatment compared with unteated Gmelina arborea and Daniellia oliveri wood (58.06% and 69.36%) respectively. It was observed that Gmelina arborea was more resistant to termite attack than Daniellia oliveri.

Published in World Journal of Applied Chemistry (Volume 2, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.wjac.20170203.15
Page(s) 101-108
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Wood, Termites, Seed Extracts, Extraction, Control, N Hexane, Hot Water

References
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[3] Venmalar D. and H. C Nagaveni (2005). Evaluation of copperised cashew nut shell liquid and neem oil as wood preservatives. The international research group on wood protection. Paper prepared for the 36th Annual Meeting Bangalore, India 24-28 April 2005. 1-20.
[4] Ahmed, B. M. and French, J. R. J., (2005). "Report and recommendations of the National Termite Workshop, Melbourne, 17 April 2002." Int Biodeterior Biodegrad 56(1): 69-74.
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[6] Adeduntan S. A., (2015). The termicidal effect of some plant material on some selected wood species. J. Biol. Chem. Sci. 9(2): 986-995.
[7] Jones, S. C. (2003). "Targeted versus standard bait station placement affects subterranean termite (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) infestation rates." J Econ Entomol 96(5): 1520-5.
[8] Smith, P. A., Thompson, M. J. and Edwards, J. W. (2002). "Estimating occupational exposure to the pyrethroid termiticide bifenthrin by measuring metabolites in urine." J Chromatography 778 (1): 113-120.
[9] Chen, H. M., Zheng, C. R., Tu, C. and Shen, Z. G., (2000). "Chemical methods and phytoremediation of soil contaminated with heavy metals." Chemosphere 41(1-2): 229-23.
[10] Trinity, A. T., (2009). The anti-termite properties and basic phytochemicals of eight local plants and the chemical characterization of Thevetia peruviana (pers) k. Schum in Ghana. Ph. D Thesis.
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[13] Jabar J. M., Lajide L., Bakare I. O., and Oloye M. T., (2016). Extraction and Characterization of Vegetable oil from Thevetia peruviana and Jatropha curcas Seeds Futa Journal of Research Sciences, 2016 (1): 73-80.
[14] Hosseinzadeh, H., Hosseini, A., Nassiri–Asl, M. and Sadeghnia, H. R., (2007). Effect of Salvia leriifolia Benth root extracts on ischemia–reperfusion in rat skeletal muscle. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 7: 23; 1-8.
[15] Ekhuemelo, D. O and Musa, M., (2015). Antitermitic Effect of Moringa oleifera Extracts on Gmelina arborea and Ceiba pentandra Wood Nigerian Journal of Agriculture, Food and Environment. 11(3): 55-60.
[16] Verma, M., S. Sharma and R. Prasad, (2009). Biological alternatives for termite control: A review. Int. Biodeterioration Biodegradation, 63: 959-972.
[17] Adebowale, K. O. and Adedire, C. O. (2006). Chemical composition and insecticidal properties of the underutilized Jatropha curcas seed oil. African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 5 (10), pp. 901-906.
[18] Preston, A. F. and D. D. Nicholas, (1982). Efficacy of a series of alkyl ammonium compounds against wood decay fungi and termites. Wood Fiber Sci., 14: 37-42.
[19] Abdel, G. and Skai, E. (2011). Termite Damage to Buildings: Nature of Attacks and Preventive Construction Methods American J. of Engineering and Applied Sciences Vol. 4 (2): 187-200.
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    David Oriabure Ekhuemelo, Veronica Eyakamo Abu, John Vershima Anyam. (2017). Termiticidal Evaluation of Jatropha curcas (Linn), Thevetia peruviana (Pers) and Moringa oleifera (Lam) Seed Extracts on Gmelina arborea (Roxb) and Daniellia oliveri (Rolfe) Wood. World Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2(3), 101-108. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjac.20170203.15

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    ACS Style

    David Oriabure Ekhuemelo; Veronica Eyakamo Abu; John Vershima Anyam. Termiticidal Evaluation of Jatropha curcas (Linn), Thevetia peruviana (Pers) and Moringa oleifera (Lam) Seed Extracts on Gmelina arborea (Roxb) and Daniellia oliveri (Rolfe) Wood. World J. Appl. Chem. 2017, 2(3), 101-108. doi: 10.11648/j.wjac.20170203.15

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    AMA Style

    David Oriabure Ekhuemelo, Veronica Eyakamo Abu, John Vershima Anyam. Termiticidal Evaluation of Jatropha curcas (Linn), Thevetia peruviana (Pers) and Moringa oleifera (Lam) Seed Extracts on Gmelina arborea (Roxb) and Daniellia oliveri (Rolfe) Wood. World J Appl Chem. 2017;2(3):101-108. doi: 10.11648/j.wjac.20170203.15

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  • @article{10.11648/j.wjac.20170203.15,
      author = {David Oriabure Ekhuemelo and Veronica Eyakamo Abu and John Vershima Anyam},
      title = {Termiticidal Evaluation of Jatropha curcas (Linn), Thevetia peruviana (Pers) and Moringa oleifera (Lam) Seed Extracts on Gmelina arborea (Roxb) and Daniellia oliveri (Rolfe) Wood},
      journal = {World Journal of Applied Chemistry},
      volume = {2},
      number = {3},
      pages = {101-108},
      doi = {10.11648/j.wjac.20170203.15},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjac.20170203.15},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.wjac.20170203.15},
      abstract = {This study was intended at developing cheap and eco-friendly wood preservatives from Jatropha curcas, Thevetia peruviana and Moringa oleifera seed extracts for the control of termites on Gmelina arborea and Daniellia oliveri wood species. Seeds were collected from Makurdi Timber Shed, dried, and pounded into powder. Seed extracts were prepared using n hexane and hot water extraction methods. The oil extracts were vaporized and 10%, 20% and 30% were constituted. Wooden samples of Gmelina arborea and Daniellia oliveri were cut to 2 cm x 2 cm x 4 cm, air dried for 3 days and soaked in each plant extracts for 24 hours. Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates was used with a total of 21 treatments including untreated, solvent treated and Solignum treated wood. Phytochemical screening of seed extracts showed the presence of flavonoids and steroids. Incidence of termites attack on Daniellia oliveri wood started from week 3 on 10% Jatropha curcas, Thevetia peruviana, Moringa oleifera oil treated, n hexane treated and untreated. While attack on Gmelina arborea wood started in week 5 on n hexane treated and untreated. Whereas attack on 30% Jatropha curcas, Thevetia peruviana, Moringa oleifera oil treated wood started in week 7. Percentage weight loss of Gmelina arborea wood (17.44%) and Daniellia oliveri wood (25.85%) were least with 30% Thevetia peruviana n hexane treatment compared with unteated Gmelina arborea and Daniellia oliveri wood (58.06% and 69.36%) respectively. It was observed that Gmelina arborea was more resistant to termite attack than Daniellia oliveri.},
     year = {2017}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Termiticidal Evaluation of Jatropha curcas (Linn), Thevetia peruviana (Pers) and Moringa oleifera (Lam) Seed Extracts on Gmelina arborea (Roxb) and Daniellia oliveri (Rolfe) Wood
    AU  - David Oriabure Ekhuemelo
    AU  - Veronica Eyakamo Abu
    AU  - John Vershima Anyam
    Y1  - 2017/09/01
    PY  - 2017
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjac.20170203.15
    DO  - 10.11648/j.wjac.20170203.15
    T2  - World Journal of Applied Chemistry
    JF  - World Journal of Applied Chemistry
    JO  - World Journal of Applied Chemistry
    SP  - 101
    EP  - 108
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2637-5982
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjac.20170203.15
    AB  - This study was intended at developing cheap and eco-friendly wood preservatives from Jatropha curcas, Thevetia peruviana and Moringa oleifera seed extracts for the control of termites on Gmelina arborea and Daniellia oliveri wood species. Seeds were collected from Makurdi Timber Shed, dried, and pounded into powder. Seed extracts were prepared using n hexane and hot water extraction methods. The oil extracts were vaporized and 10%, 20% and 30% were constituted. Wooden samples of Gmelina arborea and Daniellia oliveri were cut to 2 cm x 2 cm x 4 cm, air dried for 3 days and soaked in each plant extracts for 24 hours. Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates was used with a total of 21 treatments including untreated, solvent treated and Solignum treated wood. Phytochemical screening of seed extracts showed the presence of flavonoids and steroids. Incidence of termites attack on Daniellia oliveri wood started from week 3 on 10% Jatropha curcas, Thevetia peruviana, Moringa oleifera oil treated, n hexane treated and untreated. While attack on Gmelina arborea wood started in week 5 on n hexane treated and untreated. Whereas attack on 30% Jatropha curcas, Thevetia peruviana, Moringa oleifera oil treated wood started in week 7. Percentage weight loss of Gmelina arborea wood (17.44%) and Daniellia oliveri wood (25.85%) were least with 30% Thevetia peruviana n hexane treatment compared with unteated Gmelina arborea and Daniellia oliveri wood (58.06% and 69.36%) respectively. It was observed that Gmelina arborea was more resistant to termite attack than Daniellia oliveri.
    VL  - 2
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Forest Production and Products, Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi, Makurdi, Nigeria

  • Department of Forest Production and Products, Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi, Makurdi, Nigeria

  • Center for Agrochemical Technology, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi, Makurdi, Nigeria

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