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Effect of Oil Extraction Conditions on the Anaerobic Fermentation of Jatropha curcas Seed Cakes

Received: 16 November 2020     Accepted: 14 December 2020     Published: 12 January 2021
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Abstract

The production of biogas is a heathy way to convert biomass like seed cakes into energy. But before that, oil seeds like jatropha curcas are treated in some conditions in other to get oil first, and cakes after. And different levels of those conditions that are seed type, preheat temperature and extraction pressure can give different results on biogas production using those cakes. That is why in this study, biogas characteristics of cake, from three types of jatropha seeds (whole, kernels and crushed) preheated at four levels of temperature (25°C, 50°C, 75°C and 100°C) and submitted at three extraction pressures (181.81 bar, 324.66 bar and 422.06 bar), were assessed. It consisted in mixing 5 ml solid mixture (2.5 ml of cake sample and 2,5 ml cow dung) to the buffer solution (NH4Cl, 100; NaCl, 10; MgCl 2 • 6H2O, 10; CaCl2.2H2O, 5) at 1:1 ratio. The mixture was introduced in a reactor of 16 ml volume and then incubated in an electric oven at 37°C for 60 days. The measure of gas volume of each sample was done using the adapted method of displaced liquid. The gas calorific value estimation of each sample was theoretically done, using Buswell equation. And, the gas energy was obtained for each sample, using its gas volume and calorific value. The main results were as follows. The highest volume of biogas (8 ml / g) and highest energy (2485.85 J) were registered with whole seed cake at preheated temperature/extraction pressure couple of 100°C-324.66 bar. The highest calorific value (701.43 KJ/mol) was obtained with the whole seed cake at preheated temperature/extraction/ pressure couple of 100°C-422.06 bars. The main conclusion that can be made is that, there is an effect of oil extraction conditions on the anaerobic fermentation of jatropha curcas seed cakes.

Published in Science Journal of Energy Engineering (Volume 9, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.sjee.20210901.11
Page(s) 1-7
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Biogas, Oil Seeds, Jatropha, Seed Cake, Volume, Heating Value, Energy

References
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[2] Angelidaki, I., Sanders, W., 2004. Assessment of the anaerobic biodegradability of macropolluants. Review in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology, 3: 117-129.
[3] AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists), 1994. Official and tentative methods of analysis of A. O. A. C. Washington, USA: AOAC, 978 p.
[4] Brodeur, C., Crowley, D., Desmeules, X., Pigeon, S., St-Arnaud, R-M., 2008. La biométhanisation à la ferme. Québec, Canada: CRAAQ (Centre de Recherche en Agriculture et Agroalimentaire du Québec), 18 pp.
[5] Chaslerie, T., 2002. ‘Techniques de Bioconversion: la Biométhanisation’, Rapport IUT.
[6] Domergue, M., Pirot, R. (2008). Jatropha curcas L. Rapport de synthèse bibliographique. Montpellier, France: CIRAD. 118 pp.
[7] Dupont, N., 2010. Valorisation du biogaz de fermentation: combustion catalytique. Lyon, France: Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 251 pp.
[8] Elaiyaraju, P., Partha, N., 2012. Biogaz production from co-digestion of orange peel waste and jatropha de-oiled cake in an anaerobic batch reactor. African journal of biotechnology, 11 (14): 3339-3345.
[9] Farinet, J., L., Kamaté, M., Mattei, H., 2014. Essais de méthanisation des tourteaux de Jatropha en conditions réelles au Mali. Ségou, Mali: AEDR, 10 pp.
[10] Hack, G., Fruteau, H., Holliger, C., 2015. Détermination de la production de méthane d’installations de digestion industrielles à partir des tests BMP en laboratoire. Zurich, Suisse: OFEN (office fédérale de l’énergie), 76 pp.
[11] Henning, R. K. (2004). Jatropha curcas L. Plant Resources of the Tropical Africa. 14: 116-122.
[12] IRENA (Internaational Renewable Energy Agency), 2013. L’Afrique et les énergies renouvelables: La voie vers la croissance durable. Abu Dhabi, Emirates Arabes Unies: IRENA, 36 pp.
[13] Kalloum, S., Khelafi, M., Djaafri, M., Tahri, A., Touzi, A., 2007. Etude de l’influence du pH sur la production du biogaz à partir des déchets ménagers. Revue des Energies Renouvelables, 10 N°4: 539–543.
[14] Marchaim, U., 1992. Biogas Processes for Sustainable Development. Rome, Italy: FAO (Food and Agricultural Organization), 234 pp.
[15] MINEE (Ministère de l’Eau et de l’Energie), 2014. Annuaire statistique de l’eau et de l’énergie du Cameroun; Recueil des Séries d’Informations Statistiques du Sous-secteur Eau et Energie jusqu’en 2013. Yaoundé, Cameroun: MINEE, 110 pp.
[16] Okkerse, C., Bekkum, H., V., 1999. From fossil to green. Green Chem. 1: 107-114.
[17] ONU (Organisation des Nations Unies) 2017, Rapport sur les Objectifs du Développement Durable. New York, USA: ONU, 64 pp.
[18] ONU (Organisation des Nations Unies), 2015. Objectifs du Développement Durable: en phase avec les priorités de l’Afrique. New York, USA: ONU, 36 pp.
[19] Staubmann, R., Foidl, G., Foidl, N., Gubitz, G., M., Lafferty, R., M., Arbizu, V., M., V., Steiner, W., 1997. Biogas Production from Jatropha Curcas Press-Cake. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology. Vol 63-65: 457-467.
[20] Tangka, J., K., Ketuma, C., T., Ajaga, N., Viyoi, C., T., 2016. Modelling of the Operation of a Small Generator Set Powered by Scrubbed Biogas from Cow Dung. British Journal of Applied Science & Technology. 14 (1): 1-8.
[21] Tchatat, G., 2014. Rapport Final Cameroun. Cameroun-Contribution à la Préparation du Rapport National pour la Formulation du Livre Blanc Régional sur l’Accès Universel aux Services Énergétiques Intégrant le Développement des Énergies Renouvelables et de l’Efficacité Énergétique. Yaoundé, Cameroun: PNUD, 245 pp.
[22] Zhang, J., B., 2011. Procédé de Traitement des Boues et Valorisation du Biogaz. Lorraine, France: Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine, 236 pp.
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    Sogang Segning Harry Bertholt, Nsah-ko Tchoumboue, Djousse Kanouo Boris Merlain, Tangka Julius Kewir. (2021). Effect of Oil Extraction Conditions on the Anaerobic Fermentation of Jatropha curcas Seed Cakes. Science Journal of Energy Engineering, 9(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjee.20210901.11

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    ACS Style

    Sogang Segning Harry Bertholt; Nsah-ko Tchoumboue; Djousse Kanouo Boris Merlain; Tangka Julius Kewir. Effect of Oil Extraction Conditions on the Anaerobic Fermentation of Jatropha curcas Seed Cakes. Sci. J. Energy Eng. 2021, 9(1), 1-7. doi: 10.11648/j.sjee.20210901.11

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    AMA Style

    Sogang Segning Harry Bertholt, Nsah-ko Tchoumboue, Djousse Kanouo Boris Merlain, Tangka Julius Kewir. Effect of Oil Extraction Conditions on the Anaerobic Fermentation of Jatropha curcas Seed Cakes. Sci J Energy Eng. 2021;9(1):1-7. doi: 10.11648/j.sjee.20210901.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.sjee.20210901.11,
      author = {Sogang Segning Harry Bertholt and Nsah-ko Tchoumboue and Djousse Kanouo Boris Merlain and Tangka Julius Kewir},
      title = {Effect of Oil Extraction Conditions on the Anaerobic Fermentation of Jatropha curcas Seed Cakes},
      journal = {Science Journal of Energy Engineering},
      volume = {9},
      number = {1},
      pages = {1-7},
      doi = {10.11648/j.sjee.20210901.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjee.20210901.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjee.20210901.11},
      abstract = {The production of biogas is a heathy way to convert biomass like seed cakes into energy. But before that, oil seeds like jatropha curcas are treated in some conditions in other to get oil first, and cakes after. And different levels of those conditions that are seed type, preheat temperature and extraction pressure can give different results on biogas production using those cakes. That is why in this study, biogas characteristics of cake, from three types of jatropha seeds (whole, kernels and crushed) preheated at four levels of temperature (25°C, 50°C, 75°C and 100°C) and submitted at three extraction pressures (181.81 bar, 324.66 bar and 422.06 bar), were assessed. It consisted in mixing 5 ml solid mixture (2.5 ml of cake sample and 2,5 ml cow dung) to the buffer solution (NH4Cl, 100; NaCl, 10; MgCl 2 • 6H2O, 10; CaCl2.2H2O, 5) at 1:1 ratio. The mixture was introduced in a reactor of 16 ml volume and then incubated in an electric oven at 37°C for 60 days. The measure of gas volume of each sample was done using the adapted method of displaced liquid. The gas calorific value estimation of each sample was theoretically done, using Buswell equation. And, the gas energy was obtained for each sample, using its gas volume and calorific value. The main results were as follows. The highest volume of biogas (8 ml / g) and highest energy (2485.85 J) were registered with whole seed cake at preheated temperature/extraction pressure couple of 100°C-324.66 bar. The highest calorific value (701.43 KJ/mol) was obtained with the whole seed cake at preheated temperature/extraction/ pressure couple of 100°C-422.06 bars. The main conclusion that can be made is that, there is an effect of oil extraction conditions on the anaerobic fermentation of jatropha curcas seed cakes.},
     year = {2021}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Effect of Oil Extraction Conditions on the Anaerobic Fermentation of Jatropha curcas Seed Cakes
    AU  - Sogang Segning Harry Bertholt
    AU  - Nsah-ko Tchoumboue
    AU  - Djousse Kanouo Boris Merlain
    AU  - Tangka Julius Kewir
    Y1  - 2021/01/12
    PY  - 2021
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjee.20210901.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.sjee.20210901.11
    T2  - Science Journal of Energy Engineering
    JF  - Science Journal of Energy Engineering
    JO  - Science Journal of Energy Engineering
    SP  - 1
    EP  - 7
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2376-8126
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjee.20210901.11
    AB  - The production of biogas is a heathy way to convert biomass like seed cakes into energy. But before that, oil seeds like jatropha curcas are treated in some conditions in other to get oil first, and cakes after. And different levels of those conditions that are seed type, preheat temperature and extraction pressure can give different results on biogas production using those cakes. That is why in this study, biogas characteristics of cake, from three types of jatropha seeds (whole, kernels and crushed) preheated at four levels of temperature (25°C, 50°C, 75°C and 100°C) and submitted at three extraction pressures (181.81 bar, 324.66 bar and 422.06 bar), were assessed. It consisted in mixing 5 ml solid mixture (2.5 ml of cake sample and 2,5 ml cow dung) to the buffer solution (NH4Cl, 100; NaCl, 10; MgCl 2 • 6H2O, 10; CaCl2.2H2O, 5) at 1:1 ratio. The mixture was introduced in a reactor of 16 ml volume and then incubated in an electric oven at 37°C for 60 days. The measure of gas volume of each sample was done using the adapted method of displaced liquid. The gas calorific value estimation of each sample was theoretically done, using Buswell equation. And, the gas energy was obtained for each sample, using its gas volume and calorific value. The main results were as follows. The highest volume of biogas (8 ml / g) and highest energy (2485.85 J) were registered with whole seed cake at preheated temperature/extraction pressure couple of 100°C-324.66 bar. The highest calorific value (701.43 KJ/mol) was obtained with the whole seed cake at preheated temperature/extraction/ pressure couple of 100°C-422.06 bars. The main conclusion that can be made is that, there is an effect of oil extraction conditions on the anaerobic fermentation of jatropha curcas seed cakes.
    VL  - 9
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Renewable Energy Laboratory, Agricultural Engineering Department, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon

  • Renewable Energy Laboratory, Agricultural Engineering Department, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon

  • Renewable Energy Laboratory, Agricultural Engineering Department, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon

  • Renewable Energy Laboratory, Agricultural Engineering Department, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon

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