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Microscopic Study of the Major Plant Part of a Euphorbia, Croton bonplandianum Baill

Received: 12 October 2022     Accepted: 29 October 2022     Published: 10 November 2022
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Abstract

Croton bonplandianum Baill. is an herbaceous medicinal plant, and was taken for anatomical study in the present investigation. Prime parts, i.e., stem, leaf, and root, were studied anatomically in free-hand sections after being stained with 1% safranin under a light microscope. The micrographs were taken with an accessory digital camera, and the diameter was measured from the micrographs. The stem was angular in cross-cut view and consisted of an epidermal layer including a layer of spindle-shaped cells (22.3mm). The cortex had seven to eight layers of elliptical, thick-walled compact parenchyma cells (43.5mm). The secondary xylem in the vascular bundle was endarch and thick-walled. Secondary phloem grew in a continuous cylinder around the xylem. Pith was wide, composed of parenchymatous cells, and 85.7 mm in diameter. The transverse section of the leaf showed the isobilateral arrangement. The epidermal layer was made up of a single layer of compressed to elongated parenchymatous cells. The horizontal palisade layer was present in the adaxial sub epidermal part of the midrib. The midrib was represented by a vascular bundle which was made up of phloem (outer) and xylem (inner). Calcium oxalate crystals were seen in phloem parenchyma. The crystal layer was one or two cells thick. A sclerid layer was seen around the vascular bundle. The surface preparation showed the paracytic type of stomata. Number of stomata was 0.227/mm2 and the index was 21.5. The transverse section of the root was composed of the outer epidermis, which was made up of a few layers of irregular and compressed cork cells. Sclerenchymatous cells were also found to be scattered throughout the cortex and were lignified in nature. The vascular bundle was collateral in nature, with phloem arranged outwards and the xylem (lignified, 28.3mm in diameter) situated inwards, occupying the whole area of the section. The secondary phloem was well preserved. It included parenchyma cells and sieve elements associated with the companion cells. The central pith was found to be absent.

Published in Science Frontiers (Volume 3, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.sf.20220304.11
Page(s) 134-139
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Croton bonplandianum, Flowering Plant, Leaf, Plant Anatomy, Root, Stem

References
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[13] Haiad S. B. S., Serpa-Ribeiro A. C. C., Barbosa C. N., Pizzini D., Leal D. O. and Senna-Valle I. (2009) Leaf structure of species from three closely related genera from tribe Crotoneae Dumort. (Euphorbiaceae s. s, Malpighiales). Plant Systematics and Evolution Journal. 283 (3-4): 179-202.
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[15] Iasmine A. B. S. A., Rafaela D. S., Marilia B. C., Rafael M. X. and Karina P. R. (2017) Microscopic Characterization of Croton cordiifolius Baill. (Euphorbiaceae). Journal of Pharmacognosy. 9 (3): 361-366.
[16] Idu M, Timothy O, Onyibe HI and Comor AO (2009). Comparative Morphological and Anatomical Studies on the Leaf and Stem of some Medicinal Plants: Jatropha curcus L. and Jatropha tanjorensis JL Ellis and Saroja (Euphorbiaceae). Ethnopharmacology and Botany of Leaf, 13: 1232-1239.
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    Rubaiyat Sharmin Sultana. (2022). Microscopic Study of the Major Plant Part of a Euphorbia, Croton bonplandianum Baill. Science Frontiers, 3(4), 134-139. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sf.20220304.11

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    Rubaiyat Sharmin Sultana. Microscopic Study of the Major Plant Part of a Euphorbia, Croton bonplandianum Baill. Sci. Front. 2022, 3(4), 134-139. doi: 10.11648/j.sf.20220304.11

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    AMA Style

    Rubaiyat Sharmin Sultana. Microscopic Study of the Major Plant Part of a Euphorbia, Croton bonplandianum Baill. Sci Front. 2022;3(4):134-139. doi: 10.11648/j.sf.20220304.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.sf.20220304.11,
      author = {Rubaiyat Sharmin Sultana},
      title = {Microscopic Study of the Major Plant Part of a Euphorbia, Croton bonplandianum Baill},
      journal = {Science Frontiers},
      volume = {3},
      number = {4},
      pages = {134-139},
      doi = {10.11648/j.sf.20220304.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sf.20220304.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sf.20220304.11},
      abstract = {Croton bonplandianum Baill. is an herbaceous medicinal plant, and was taken for anatomical study in the present investigation. Prime parts, i.e., stem, leaf, and root, were studied anatomically in free-hand sections after being stained with 1% safranin under a light microscope. The micrographs were taken with an accessory digital camera, and the diameter was measured from the micrographs. The stem was angular in cross-cut view and consisted of an epidermal layer including a layer of spindle-shaped cells (22.3mm). The cortex had seven to eight layers of elliptical, thick-walled compact parenchyma cells (43.5mm). The secondary xylem in the vascular bundle was endarch and thick-walled. Secondary phloem grew in a continuous cylinder around the xylem. Pith was wide, composed of parenchymatous cells, and 85.7 mm in diameter. The transverse section of the leaf showed the isobilateral arrangement. The epidermal layer was made up of a single layer of compressed to elongated parenchymatous cells. The horizontal palisade layer was present in the adaxial sub epidermal part of the midrib. The midrib was represented by a vascular bundle which was made up of phloem (outer) and xylem (inner). Calcium oxalate crystals were seen in phloem parenchyma. The crystal layer was one or two cells thick. A sclerid layer was seen around the vascular bundle. The surface preparation showed the paracytic type of stomata. Number of stomata was 0.227/mm2 and the index was 21.5. The transverse section of the root was composed of the outer epidermis, which was made up of a few layers of irregular and compressed cork cells. Sclerenchymatous cells were also found to be scattered throughout the cortex and were lignified in nature. The vascular bundle was collateral in nature, with phloem arranged outwards and the xylem (lignified, 28.3mm in diameter) situated inwards, occupying the whole area of the section. The secondary phloem was well preserved. It included parenchyma cells and sieve elements associated with the companion cells. The central pith was found to be absent.},
     year = {2022}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Microscopic Study of the Major Plant Part of a Euphorbia, Croton bonplandianum Baill
    AU  - Rubaiyat Sharmin Sultana
    Y1  - 2022/11/10
    PY  - 2022
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sf.20220304.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.sf.20220304.11
    T2  - Science Frontiers
    JF  - Science Frontiers
    JO  - Science Frontiers
    SP  - 134
    EP  - 139
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2994-7030
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sf.20220304.11
    AB  - Croton bonplandianum Baill. is an herbaceous medicinal plant, and was taken for anatomical study in the present investigation. Prime parts, i.e., stem, leaf, and root, were studied anatomically in free-hand sections after being stained with 1% safranin under a light microscope. The micrographs were taken with an accessory digital camera, and the diameter was measured from the micrographs. The stem was angular in cross-cut view and consisted of an epidermal layer including a layer of spindle-shaped cells (22.3mm). The cortex had seven to eight layers of elliptical, thick-walled compact parenchyma cells (43.5mm). The secondary xylem in the vascular bundle was endarch and thick-walled. Secondary phloem grew in a continuous cylinder around the xylem. Pith was wide, composed of parenchymatous cells, and 85.7 mm in diameter. The transverse section of the leaf showed the isobilateral arrangement. The epidermal layer was made up of a single layer of compressed to elongated parenchymatous cells. The horizontal palisade layer was present in the adaxial sub epidermal part of the midrib. The midrib was represented by a vascular bundle which was made up of phloem (outer) and xylem (inner). Calcium oxalate crystals were seen in phloem parenchyma. The crystal layer was one or two cells thick. A sclerid layer was seen around the vascular bundle. The surface preparation showed the paracytic type of stomata. Number of stomata was 0.227/mm2 and the index was 21.5. The transverse section of the root was composed of the outer epidermis, which was made up of a few layers of irregular and compressed cork cells. Sclerenchymatous cells were also found to be scattered throughout the cortex and were lignified in nature. The vascular bundle was collateral in nature, with phloem arranged outwards and the xylem (lignified, 28.3mm in diameter) situated inwards, occupying the whole area of the section. The secondary phloem was well preserved. It included parenchyma cells and sieve elements associated with the companion cells. The central pith was found to be absent.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh

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