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Evaluation of Liver Toxicity of Three Different Herbal Bitters (Confam, G. Winco and 1960 Roots) on Wister Albino Rats

Received: 7 January 2020     Accepted: 21 January 2020     Published: 14 February 2020
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Abstract

This study evaluates the liver toxicity of three different herbal bitters (G. Winco, 1960 roots and Confam) on Wister albino rats. A total of 40 rats were randomly divided into 4 groups labeled A, B, C and D and kept in a well ventilated room. Group A served as control and these rats were treated with distilled water. Wister albino rats in the groups B, C and D were treated with 3 different doses of the bitters (20, 30 and 40mL/Kgbw) respectively. The drugs were administered once daily for 10 and 21days consecutively. Animals were sacrificed 24 hours after the last treatment. Blood samples were collected into heparinized sample bottles for analysis. There was no significant difference in the results obtained. Alkaline phosphatase and aspartate transaminase was decreased in a non-dose dependent manner in this study. Alanine transaminase was elevated in a dose dependent manner. Histopathological changes were seen in all doses and duration of administration of confam. 1960 roots showed these changes with increasing duration of use and doses. These results further suggest that these bitters cause some degree of hepatic damage and should be used with care, in moderate amounts and with proper monitoring of liver function indices.

Published in Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (Volume 4, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.pst.20200401.12
Page(s) 11-16
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Herbal Bitters, Hepatic Damage, Wister Albino Rats, Histopathological Changes

References
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[7] Aniagu, S., Nwinyi, C. F., Akumka, D. D., Ajoku, A. G., Dzarma, S., Izebe, K. S., Ditse, M., Nwaneri, E. C., Wambebe, C. and Gamaniel, K. (2005). Toxicity studies in rats fed nature cure bitters. African Journal of Biotechnology, 4 (1): 72-78.
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[12] Chang J, Fang TJ. (2007). Survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella entericaserovarstyphimuriumin iceberg lettuce and the antimicrobial effect of rice vinegar against E. coli O157:H7. Food Microbiol. 24: 745–51.
[13] Iriti M, Faoro F. (2010). Bioactive chemicals and health benefits of grapevine products. In:Watson RR, Preedy VR, editors. Bioactive foods in promoting health: fruits and vegetables. New York: Elsevier Inc. p 581–20.
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    George Adieboye Oforibika, Diepiriye Adokiye Oforibika. (2020). Evaluation of Liver Toxicity of Three Different Herbal Bitters (Confam, G. Winco and 1960 Roots) on Wister Albino Rats. Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, 4(1), 11-16. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.pst.20200401.12

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    ACS Style

    George Adieboye Oforibika; Diepiriye Adokiye Oforibika. Evaluation of Liver Toxicity of Three Different Herbal Bitters (Confam, G. Winco and 1960 Roots) on Wister Albino Rats. Pharm. Sci. Technol. 2020, 4(1), 11-16. doi: 10.11648/j.pst.20200401.12

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    AMA Style

    George Adieboye Oforibika, Diepiriye Adokiye Oforibika. Evaluation of Liver Toxicity of Three Different Herbal Bitters (Confam, G. Winco and 1960 Roots) on Wister Albino Rats. Pharm Sci Technol. 2020;4(1):11-16. doi: 10.11648/j.pst.20200401.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.pst.20200401.12,
      author = {George Adieboye Oforibika and Diepiriye Adokiye Oforibika},
      title = {Evaluation of Liver Toxicity of Three Different Herbal Bitters (Confam, G. Winco and 1960 Roots) on Wister Albino Rats},
      journal = {Pharmaceutical Science and Technology},
      volume = {4},
      number = {1},
      pages = {11-16},
      doi = {10.11648/j.pst.20200401.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.pst.20200401.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.pst.20200401.12},
      abstract = {This study evaluates the liver toxicity of three different herbal bitters (G. Winco, 1960 roots and Confam) on Wister albino rats. A total of 40 rats were randomly divided into 4 groups labeled A, B, C and D and kept in a well ventilated room. Group A served as control and these rats were treated with distilled water. Wister albino rats in the groups B, C and D were treated with 3 different doses of the bitters (20, 30 and 40mL/Kgbw) respectively. The drugs were administered once daily for 10 and 21days consecutively. Animals were sacrificed 24 hours after the last treatment. Blood samples were collected into heparinized sample bottles for analysis. There was no significant difference in the results obtained. Alkaline phosphatase and aspartate transaminase was decreased in a non-dose dependent manner in this study. Alanine transaminase was elevated in a dose dependent manner. Histopathological changes were seen in all doses and duration of administration of confam. 1960 roots showed these changes with increasing duration of use and doses. These results further suggest that these bitters cause some degree of hepatic damage and should be used with care, in moderate amounts and with proper monitoring of liver function indices.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Evaluation of Liver Toxicity of Three Different Herbal Bitters (Confam, G. Winco and 1960 Roots) on Wister Albino Rats
    AU  - George Adieboye Oforibika
    AU  - Diepiriye Adokiye Oforibika
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    DO  - 10.11648/j.pst.20200401.12
    T2  - Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
    JF  - Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
    JO  - Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
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    EP  - 16
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2640-4540
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.pst.20200401.12
    AB  - This study evaluates the liver toxicity of three different herbal bitters (G. Winco, 1960 roots and Confam) on Wister albino rats. A total of 40 rats were randomly divided into 4 groups labeled A, B, C and D and kept in a well ventilated room. Group A served as control and these rats were treated with distilled water. Wister albino rats in the groups B, C and D were treated with 3 different doses of the bitters (20, 30 and 40mL/Kgbw) respectively. The drugs were administered once daily for 10 and 21days consecutively. Animals were sacrificed 24 hours after the last treatment. Blood samples were collected into heparinized sample bottles for analysis. There was no significant difference in the results obtained. Alkaline phosphatase and aspartate transaminase was decreased in a non-dose dependent manner in this study. Alanine transaminase was elevated in a dose dependent manner. Histopathological changes were seen in all doses and duration of administration of confam. 1960 roots showed these changes with increasing duration of use and doses. These results further suggest that these bitters cause some degree of hepatic damage and should be used with care, in moderate amounts and with proper monitoring of liver function indices.
    VL  - 4
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Science Laboratory Technology, School of Science and Technology, Captain Elechi Amadi Polytechnic, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

  • Department of Medicine and Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria

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