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A Critical Appraisal of Thermal Effects on CO2 Entrance Pressure

Received: 11 March 2022     Accepted: 28 March 2022     Published: 9 April 2022
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Abstract

The ability of shale to prevent CO2 from passing through is highly related to a surface phenomenon called capillary entry pressure. Namely, in order for CO2 to invade shale pores and establish flow, a threshold capillary pressure must be overcome by CO2. Evaluating the threshold capillary pressure of shale has been of great interest by the oil and gas industry. Most studies relied on measuring the capillary entry “threshold’’ pressure of shale as CO2 flows through it, and converted it to what is referred to as sealing “sequestration’’ capacity. While many scientists and researcher have measured capillary entry pressure of shale as interacts with different non-wetting fluids such as CO2, their studies were done under ambient temperature which did not reflect in situ conditions. In this study, changes in capillary entry pressure of shale when interacting with CO2, under different temperatures (25°C to 250°C), have been investigated. The combined impact of temperature and petrophysical properties of shale (water content, water activity, permeability and porosity) on capillary entry pressure was also addressed. Results showed that capillary entry pressure of shale when interacting with CO2 was highly affected by temperature. Higher temperatures decreased capillary entry pressure of shale. We believe that pore dilation, where pore throat size expands due to the application of heat, may have caused this decrease in capillary entry pressure of shale. However, in some cases higher temperature activated clay swelling that may have caused an apparent decrease in pore throat radii of shale which translated into higher capillary entry pressure of shale. Results also showed that there exists no distinct relationship between petrophysical properties of shale and its measured capillary entry pressure when interacting with CO2 at different temperatures.

Published in Petroleum Science and Engineering (Volume 6, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.pse.20220601.13
Page(s) 26-37
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This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

CO2 Sequestration, Pore Dilation, Clay Swelling, Shale Sealing Capacity, Entrance Pressure

References
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    Abrar Almutairi, Talal Al-Bazali. (2022). A Critical Appraisal of Thermal Effects on CO2 Entrance Pressure. Petroleum Science and Engineering, 6(1), 26-37. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.pse.20220601.13

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    Abrar Almutairi; Talal Al-Bazali. A Critical Appraisal of Thermal Effects on CO2 Entrance Pressure. Pet. Sci. Eng. 2022, 6(1), 26-37. doi: 10.11648/j.pse.20220601.13

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    Abrar Almutairi, Talal Al-Bazali. A Critical Appraisal of Thermal Effects on CO2 Entrance Pressure. Pet Sci Eng. 2022;6(1):26-37. doi: 10.11648/j.pse.20220601.13

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  • @article{10.11648/j.pse.20220601.13,
      author = {Abrar Almutairi and Talal Al-Bazali},
      title = {A Critical Appraisal of Thermal Effects on CO2 Entrance Pressure},
      journal = {Petroleum Science and Engineering},
      volume = {6},
      number = {1},
      pages = {26-37},
      doi = {10.11648/j.pse.20220601.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.pse.20220601.13},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.pse.20220601.13},
      abstract = {The ability of shale to prevent CO2 from passing through is highly related to a surface phenomenon called capillary entry pressure. Namely, in order for CO2 to invade shale pores and establish flow, a threshold capillary pressure must be overcome by CO2. Evaluating the threshold capillary pressure of shale has been of great interest by the oil and gas industry. Most studies relied on measuring the capillary entry “threshold’’ pressure of shale as CO2 flows through it, and converted it to what is referred to as sealing “sequestration’’ capacity. While many scientists and researcher have measured capillary entry pressure of shale as interacts with different non-wetting fluids such as CO2, their studies were done under ambient temperature which did not reflect in situ conditions. In this study, changes in capillary entry pressure of shale when interacting with CO2, under different temperatures (25°C to 250°C), have been investigated. The combined impact of temperature and petrophysical properties of shale (water content, water activity, permeability and porosity) on capillary entry pressure was also addressed. Results showed that capillary entry pressure of shale when interacting with CO2 was highly affected by temperature. Higher temperatures decreased capillary entry pressure of shale. We believe that pore dilation, where pore throat size expands due to the application of heat, may have caused this decrease in capillary entry pressure of shale. However, in some cases higher temperature activated clay swelling that may have caused an apparent decrease in pore throat radii of shale which translated into higher capillary entry pressure of shale. Results also showed that there exists no distinct relationship between petrophysical properties of shale and its measured capillary entry pressure when interacting with CO2 at different temperatures.},
     year = {2022}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - A Critical Appraisal of Thermal Effects on CO2 Entrance Pressure
    AU  - Abrar Almutairi
    AU  - Talal Al-Bazali
    Y1  - 2022/04/09
    PY  - 2022
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.pse.20220601.13
    DO  - 10.11648/j.pse.20220601.13
    T2  - Petroleum Science and Engineering
    JF  - Petroleum Science and Engineering
    JO  - Petroleum Science and Engineering
    SP  - 26
    EP  - 37
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2640-4516
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.pse.20220601.13
    AB  - The ability of shale to prevent CO2 from passing through is highly related to a surface phenomenon called capillary entry pressure. Namely, in order for CO2 to invade shale pores and establish flow, a threshold capillary pressure must be overcome by CO2. Evaluating the threshold capillary pressure of shale has been of great interest by the oil and gas industry. Most studies relied on measuring the capillary entry “threshold’’ pressure of shale as CO2 flows through it, and converted it to what is referred to as sealing “sequestration’’ capacity. While many scientists and researcher have measured capillary entry pressure of shale as interacts with different non-wetting fluids such as CO2, their studies were done under ambient temperature which did not reflect in situ conditions. In this study, changes in capillary entry pressure of shale when interacting with CO2, under different temperatures (25°C to 250°C), have been investigated. The combined impact of temperature and petrophysical properties of shale (water content, water activity, permeability and porosity) on capillary entry pressure was also addressed. Results showed that capillary entry pressure of shale when interacting with CO2 was highly affected by temperature. Higher temperatures decreased capillary entry pressure of shale. We believe that pore dilation, where pore throat size expands due to the application of heat, may have caused this decrease in capillary entry pressure of shale. However, in some cases higher temperature activated clay swelling that may have caused an apparent decrease in pore throat radii of shale which translated into higher capillary entry pressure of shale. Results also showed that there exists no distinct relationship between petrophysical properties of shale and its measured capillary entry pressure when interacting with CO2 at different temperatures.
    VL  - 6
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Petroleum Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Petroleum, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait

  • Petroleum Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Petroleum, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait

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