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A 5-Year Review of the Presentation and Management of Urolithiasis in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital

Received: 23 May 2019     Accepted: 26 August 2019     Published: 16 September 2019
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Abstract

Introduction: Urolithiasis has afflicted humans since centuries dating back to 4000BC, with the disease prevalence differing in various parts of the world. Contrary to earlier studies that depicted urinary stone disease as rare in Nigeria, recent reports have shown an increasing incidence. We aim to document the pattern and management of urinary tract calculi seen at the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Nigeria. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the cases of urolithiasis managed at Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Nigeria between January 2012 and December 2016. Variables analyzed were patients’ age, gender, presenting symptoms, investigations and modalities of treatment. Results: The clinical records of a total of seventy-six patients treated for urinary stone disease within the 5-year study period were available for review. The ages of the patients ranged from 2 years to 84 years with a mean age of 49.13 ± 16.27 years. The male to female ratio was 1.8:1. While the urinary bladder was the commonest site of the stone amongst our patients (n=37, 48.7%), 4 (5.3%) were found at multiple sites. All the patients had abdominal ultrasound and 57.9% had, in addition, a computerized tomography (CT) urography. Majority, (53.9%) were treated by open surgery. There was no statistically significant impact of gender on disease presentation (P=0.167) or treatment (P=0.8381). However the patients who had surgical treatment were significantly older than those who were treated conservatively (P=0.033). Conclusion: Urolithiasis in our region has become more common, mimicking the increasing prevalence reported in the West. Most of the cases of urinary tract stones are still successfully managed by open surgery and thus open stone surgery should be considered as a valid alternative to endourologic management techniques in resource poor regions lacking endoscopic facilities.

Published in Journal of Surgery (Volume 7, Issue 5)
DOI 10.11648/j.js.20190705.16
Page(s) 143-147
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Urolithiasis, Nigeria, Open Surgery

References
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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Olufunmilade Omisanjo, Muftau Bioku, Omolara Williams, Olufemi Akinola, Fatai Balogun, et al. (2019). A 5-Year Review of the Presentation and Management of Urolithiasis in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital. Journal of Surgery, 7(5), 143-147. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.js.20190705.16

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    ACS Style

    Olufunmilade Omisanjo; Muftau Bioku; Omolara Williams; Olufemi Akinola; Fatai Balogun, et al. A 5-Year Review of the Presentation and Management of Urolithiasis in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital. J. Surg. 2019, 7(5), 143-147. doi: 10.11648/j.js.20190705.16

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    AMA Style

    Olufunmilade Omisanjo, Muftau Bioku, Omolara Williams, Olufemi Akinola, Fatai Balogun, et al. A 5-Year Review of the Presentation and Management of Urolithiasis in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital. J Surg. 2019;7(5):143-147. doi: 10.11648/j.js.20190705.16

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  • @article{10.11648/j.js.20190705.16,
      author = {Olufunmilade Omisanjo and Muftau Bioku and Omolara Williams and Olufemi Akinola and Fatai Balogun and Stephen Ikuerowo},
      title = {A 5-Year Review of the Presentation and Management of Urolithiasis in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital},
      journal = {Journal of Surgery},
      volume = {7},
      number = {5},
      pages = {143-147},
      doi = {10.11648/j.js.20190705.16},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.js.20190705.16},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.js.20190705.16},
      abstract = {Introduction: Urolithiasis has afflicted humans since centuries dating back to 4000BC, with the disease prevalence differing in various parts of the world. Contrary to earlier studies that depicted urinary stone disease as rare in Nigeria, recent reports have shown an increasing incidence. We aim to document the pattern and management of urinary tract calculi seen at the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Nigeria. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the cases of urolithiasis managed at Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Nigeria between January 2012 and December 2016. Variables analyzed were patients’ age, gender, presenting symptoms, investigations and modalities of treatment. Results: The clinical records of a total of seventy-six patients treated for urinary stone disease within the 5-year study period were available for review. The ages of the patients ranged from 2 years to 84 years with a mean age of 49.13 ± 16.27 years. The male to female ratio was 1.8:1. While the urinary bladder was the commonest site of the stone amongst our patients (n=37, 48.7%), 4 (5.3%) were found at multiple sites. All the patients had abdominal ultrasound and 57.9% had, in addition, a computerized tomography (CT) urography. Majority, (53.9%) were treated by open surgery. There was no statistically significant impact of gender on disease presentation (P=0.167) or treatment (P=0.8381). However the patients who had surgical treatment were significantly older than those who were treated conservatively (P=0.033). Conclusion: Urolithiasis in our region has become more common, mimicking the increasing prevalence reported in the West. Most of the cases of urinary tract stones are still successfully managed by open surgery and thus open stone surgery should be considered as a valid alternative to endourologic management techniques in resource poor regions lacking endoscopic facilities.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - A 5-Year Review of the Presentation and Management of Urolithiasis in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital
    AU  - Olufunmilade Omisanjo
    AU  - Muftau Bioku
    AU  - Omolara Williams
    AU  - Olufemi Akinola
    AU  - Fatai Balogun
    AU  - Stephen Ikuerowo
    Y1  - 2019/09/16
    PY  - 2019
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.js.20190705.16
    DO  - 10.11648/j.js.20190705.16
    T2  - Journal of Surgery
    JF  - Journal of Surgery
    JO  - Journal of Surgery
    SP  - 143
    EP  - 147
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-0930
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.js.20190705.16
    AB  - Introduction: Urolithiasis has afflicted humans since centuries dating back to 4000BC, with the disease prevalence differing in various parts of the world. Contrary to earlier studies that depicted urinary stone disease as rare in Nigeria, recent reports have shown an increasing incidence. We aim to document the pattern and management of urinary tract calculi seen at the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Nigeria. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the cases of urolithiasis managed at Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Nigeria between January 2012 and December 2016. Variables analyzed were patients’ age, gender, presenting symptoms, investigations and modalities of treatment. Results: The clinical records of a total of seventy-six patients treated for urinary stone disease within the 5-year study period were available for review. The ages of the patients ranged from 2 years to 84 years with a mean age of 49.13 ± 16.27 years. The male to female ratio was 1.8:1. While the urinary bladder was the commonest site of the stone amongst our patients (n=37, 48.7%), 4 (5.3%) were found at multiple sites. All the patients had abdominal ultrasound and 57.9% had, in addition, a computerized tomography (CT) urography. Majority, (53.9%) were treated by open surgery. There was no statistically significant impact of gender on disease presentation (P=0.167) or treatment (P=0.8381). However the patients who had surgical treatment were significantly older than those who were treated conservatively (P=0.033). Conclusion: Urolithiasis in our region has become more common, mimicking the increasing prevalence reported in the West. Most of the cases of urinary tract stones are still successfully managed by open surgery and thus open stone surgery should be considered as a valid alternative to endourologic management techniques in resource poor regions lacking endoscopic facilities.
    VL  - 7
    IS  - 5
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Surgery, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria

  • Department of Surgery, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria

  • Department of Surgery, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria

  • Department of Surgery, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria

  • Department of Surgery, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria

  • Department of Surgery, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria

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