To find improved F1 hybrids for breeding procedures, the heterosis of maize hybrids must be determined. Therefore, to identify prospective hybrids for use in future provitamin A maize breeding systems, this study was carried out to evaluate the amount of standard heterosis for grain yield and related attributes. Fifteen provitamin A maize inbred lines were crossed through the diallel-II design. The resulting Eight four F1 hybrids along with four standard checks (BHQPY545, BH549, BH546, and BH547) were evaluated using RCBD (20 entries) and Alpha-Lattice Design (68 entries) with two replications during 2022/2023 main cropping season at Bako National Maize Research Center. Analysis of variance revealed significant variations for most of the traits indicating the existence of genetic variability. The Standard heterosis assessment noticed significant positive and negative heterosis for the majority of the traits investigated. Cross combinations over BHQPY 545, such as L10 × L3, L10 × L6, and L13×L12, demonstrated the largest proportion of traditional heterosis for grain yield (more than 25% yield advantage). Because BH546 and BH547 are normal maize with grain production potential, the majority of crossings yielded negative and significant results over commercial checks. The highest found heterosis for grain yield and associated factors indicated that maize genotypes' heterotic potential may be beneficial to boost yield. The findings of this study could be valuable for researchers looking to develop high-yielding provitamin A maize hybrids. As a result, possible hybrids might be recommended for commercial usage once the results have been verified by repeating the research over time and across places, as well as incorporating quality attributes analysis data.
Published in | Innovation (Volume 5, Issue 3) |
DOI | 10.11648/j.innov.20240503.13 |
Page(s) | 95-108 |
Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Biofortification, F1 Hybrids, Single Cross, Standard Heterosis, Desirable Gene
Lines | Code | Pedigree | Source Of Genotype |
---|---|---|---|
1 | L1 | MM1300043-B-1-1-1-B-1-1 | EIAR-BNMRC |
2 | L2 | MM1400001-77-1-2-1-1-B | EIAR-BNMRC |
3 | L3 | MM1300052-B-7-1-1-B-1-1 | EIAR-BNMRC |
4 | L4 | MM1300043-B-13-1-2-B-1-1 | EIAR-BNMRC |
5 | L5 | MM1300079-B-11-1-4-B-1-1 | EIAR-BNMRC |
6 | L6 | MM1400001-93-3-1-1-2-B | EIAR-BNMRC |
7 | L7 | MM1300094-6-1-2-B-1-1 | EIAR-BNMRC |
8 | L8 | MM1201002-B | EIAR-BNMRC |
9 | L9 | MM1801001-B | EIAR-BNMRC |
10 | L10 | MM0001010 | EIAR-BNMRC |
11 | L11 | MM1400001-89-2-1-2-2-B | EIAR-BNMRC |
12 | L12 | MM1100001-173-2-1-2-1-1-1 | EIAR-BNMRC |
13 | L13 | MM1300052-B-7-3-2-B-1-1 | EIAR-BNMRC |
14 | L14 | MM1300043-B-1-1-1-B-1-1 | EIAR-BNMRC |
15 | L15 | MM1300071-B-13-1-3-B-1-1 | EIAR-BNMRC |
Crosses | GY | DA | DS | ASI | PH | EH | EPO | GLS | TLB | PA | EA |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
L1xL2 | 6.23 | 73.6 | 74.4 | 1 | 219.2 | 103.8 | 0.5 | 3.2 | 5.4 | 3.9 | 3.5 |
L1xL3 | 5.6 | 75.5 | 76.2 | 1 | 222.1 | 108.2 | 0.5 | 6.3 | 6.1 | 4.4 | 4.1 |
L1xL4 | 6.27 | 75.7 | 76.8 | 1 | 215.7 | 100.8 | 0.5 | 6.5 | 6.1 | 4.4 | 4.3 |
L1xL5 | 5.06 | 75.3 | 76.1 | 1 | 214.5 | 100.6 | 0.5 | 3.4 | 3.8 | 4.1 | 4.5 |
L1xL6 | 6.68 | 75.8 | 76.8 | 1 | 225.3 | 112.6 | 0.5 | 3.1 | 4.2 | 2.9 | 3.5 |
L1xL7 | 3.45 | 80 | 82 | 2 | 223.5 | 100.8 | 0.4 | 5.9 | 6.8 | 4.5 | 5 |
L1xL8 | 3.75 | 77 | 78 | 1 | 209.5 | 84.3 | 0.4 | 4.4 | 7.5 | 4.8 | 5 |
L1xL9 | 6.66 | 73.5 | 75 | 2 | 196.7 | 116.3 | 0.6 | 3.8 | 4.9 | 3.8 | 3.2 |
L1xL10 | 5.62 | 76 | 76.9 | 1 | 207 | 98.6 | 0.5 | 3.3 | 5.7 | 3.4 | 3.7 |
L1xL11 | 1.95 | 78.8 | 79.9 | 1 | 226.1 | 94.8 | 0.4 | 3.4 | 4.5 | 4.7 | 3.9 |
L1xL12 | 6.16 | 74.2 | 75 | 1 | 217.9 | 109.8 | 0.5 | 4.8 | 6.2 | 4.9 | 4.8 |
L2XL3 | 6.45 | 75 | 76 | 1 | 216.7 | 111.8 | 0.5 | 3.6 | 5.2 | 4.3 | 7.2 |
L2XL4 | 6.73 | 76.7 | 77.7 | 1 | 227.7 | 113.2 | 0.5 | 3.1 | 3.7 | 3.5 | 3.2 |
L2XL5 | 8.47 | 76.5 | 77.4 | 1 | 226.5 | 110.6 | 0.5 | 2.1 | 4 | 3.7 | 4.2 |
L2XL6 | 7.83 | 73.5 | 74.7 | 1 | 217.1 | 111.2 | 0.6 | 6.3 | 7.1 | 4.4 | 4.6 |
L2XL7 | 4.47 | 75.8 | 77.3 | 2 | 220.3 | 109.6 | 0.5 | 2.1 | 4.7 | 4.2 | 4.5 |
L2XL8 | 5.63 | 75.6 | 77.2 | 2 | 212.9 | 108.9 | 0.5 | 4.2 | 4.8 | 3.9 | 3.9 |
L2XL9 | 6.29 | 79 | 80.5 | 2 | 221.7 | 110.8 | 0.5 | 2.6 | 4.4 | 3.6 | 3.7 |
L2XL10 | 7.64 | 77.7 | 79.2 | 1 | 224.2 | 104.2 | 0.5 | 2.1 | 5.2 | 3 | 3.7 |
L2XL11 | 3.27 | 83.8 | 85.3 | 2 | 140.3 | 79.6 | 0.6 | 5.3 | 7.2 | 5.9 | 6 |
L2XL12 | 4.02 | 79.5 | 81.3 | 2 | 185.7 | 81.6 | 0.4 | 3.5 | 5.7 | 6.1 | 7.3 |
L3XL4 | 6.33 | 76.6 | 78.2 | 2 | 226.4 | 105.4 | 0.5 | 4.7 | 6 | 5.1 | 3.9 |
L3XL5 | 6.16 | 77.1 | 78.4 | 1 | 225.7 | 114.3 | 0.5 | 3.2 | 5.9 | 3.9 | 3 |
L3XL6 | 6.71 | 77.3 | 78.9 | 2 | 232.6 | 114.8 | 0.5 | 4.1 | 6.3 | 4 | 4.9 |
L3XL7 | 7.07 | 75.5 | 77.3 | 2 | 236.7 | 116.6 | 0.5 | 3.5 | 5.4 | 3.9 | 4.3 |
L3XL8 | 5.96 | 75.6 | 76.9 | 1 | 237.2 | 108.8 | 0.5 | 5.7 | 7.4 | 4.1 | 4 |
L3XL9 | 7.39 | 75.7 | 76.7 | 1 | 237.7 | 112.2 | 0.5 | 6.4 | 7.5 | 3.7 | 4.2 |
L3XL10 | 7.27 | 77.8 | 80 | 2 | 228.9 | 120.8 | 0.5 | 3.3 | 4.2 | 3.6 | 4.9 |
L3XL11 | 6.17 | 73.5 | 74.6 | 1 | 225.9 | 97.8 | 0.4 | 3.7 | 6.8 | 4.3 | 4.1 |
L3XL12 | 6.77 | 75.5 | 76.3 | 1 | 208.2 | 85.1 | 0.4 | 3 | 5.9 | 4.1 | 4.3 |
L4XL5 | 4.97 | 72.8 | 74.3 | 2 | 218.3 | 100.1 | 0.4 | 5.1 | 6 | 4.4 | 4 |
L4XL6 | 5.97 | 77 | 77.7 | 1 | 218.6 | 101.2 | 0.5 | 5.8 | 6.1 | 4.1 | 4.6 |
L4XL7 | 5.22 | 72 | 73.5 | 2 | 206 | 90.8 | 0.4 | 4.4 | 7.8 | 4.2 | 5.5 |
L4XL8 | 7.01 | 72.8 | 74 | 1 | 223.4 | 104.3 | 0.5 | 5.8 | 7.4 | 4.9 | 5.9 |
L4XL9 | 5.95 | 74.4 | 75.7 | 1 | 196.4 | 95.4 | 0.5 | 4.2 | 6.1 | 4.9 | 4.7 |
L4XL10 | 5.72 | 73.2 | 74.8 | 2 | 215.2 | 96.3 | 0.4 | 6.5 | 7.1 | 5.9 | 6.8 |
L4XL11 | 5.07 | 72 | 73 | 1 | 224.2 | 95.3 | 0.5 | 3.3 | 5.2 | 5.6 | 6.2 |
L4XL12 | 6.32 | 73.8 | 75 | 1 | 230.4 | 105.8 | 0.5 | 5.3 | 5.7 | 5.9 | 5.4 |
L5XL6 | 1.75 | 75.8 | 75.4 | 0 | 211.1 | 87.8 | 0.4 | 4.1 | 4.3 | 4.7 | 5.9 |
L5XL7 | 6.47 | 73.2 | 74 | 1 | 221.4 | 89.8 | 0.4 | 4.3 | 5.9 | 4.2 | 4.8 |
L5XL8 | 7.23 | 74 | 75 | 1 | 217 | 97.8 | 0.4 | 4.4 | 5 | 4 | 5.5 |
L5XL9 | 8.76 | 72.3 | 73.3 | 1 | 228.3 | 102.6 | 0.4 | 3.6 | 5.5 | 3.9 | 4.5 |
L5XL10 | 7.37 | 78.9 | 81.2 | 2 | 236.4 | 113.9 | 0.5 | 3.5 | 4.6 | 4.4 | 4.2 |
L5XL11 | 7.79 | 71.8 | 73 | 1 | 231.9 | 113.3 | 0.5 | 5.3 | 6.2 | 3.6 | 5.4 |
L5XL12 | 5.81 | 71.4 | 73.2 | 2 | 218.9 | 90.4 | 0.4 | 6 | 6.3 | 4.7 | 6.2 |
L6xL7 | 5.89 | 73.7 | 74.7 | 1 | 197.7 | 84.2 | 0.4 | 4.9 | 5.7 | 4.7 | 4.7 |
L6xL8 | 6.39 | 73.5 | 74.6 | 1 | 206.4 | 93.8 | 0.4 | 3.7 | 5.6 | 4 | 4.1 |
L6xL9 | 6.16 | 77 | 78.2 | 1 | 204.6 | 89.7 | 0.5 | 3.8 | 5.9 | 4.1 | 4.1 |
L6xL10 | 5.27 | 76.2 | 77 | 1 | 212.4 | 88.3 | 0.4 | 2.6 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 4.8 |
L6xL11 | 7.24 | 72.1 | 73.2 | 1 | 201.4 | 81.4 | 0.4 | 6.9 | 6 | 4.4 | 4.9 |
L6xL12 | 6.77 | 75 | 76.1 | 1 | 213.9 | 98.3 | 0.4 | 5.2 | 6.1 | 4.5 | 5.6 |
L7XL8 | 5.02 | 74.2 | 75.5 | 1 | 189.4 | 84.3 | 0.4 | 3.3 | 3.7 | 4.4 | 6.8 |
L7XL9 | 5.6 | 71.3 | 73.1 | 2 | 219.5 | 96.6 | 0.4 | 4.4 | 6.3 | 4.1 | 4 |
L7XL10 | 5.83 | 71.7 | 72 | 0 | 194.4 | 83.8 | 0.4 | 4.3 | 5.9 | 4.7 | 5.8 |
L7XL11 | 5.88 | 72.8 | 73.9 | 1 | 203.1 | 87.3 | 0.4 | 4.1 | 6.8 | 5 | 5.9 |
L7XL12 | 4.47 | 72.8 | 73.6 | 1 | 211.5 | 101.6 | 0.5 | 2.9 | 4.8 | 3.6 | 4 |
L8xL9 | 7.6 | 74.5 | 75.4 | 1 | 229 | 116.6 | 0.5 | 3.6 | 6 | 3.7 | 4.2 |
L8xL10 | 7.51 | 75.4 | 76.2 | 1 | 228.9 | 113.9 | 0.5 | 3.5 | 5.1 | 4.4 | 4.7 |
L8xL11 | 6.94 | 77.8 | 79.4 | 2 | 234.6 | 124.8 | 0.6 | 3.1 | 5.3 | 3 | 3.4 |
L8xL12 | 9.11 | 75.3 | 76.1 | 1 | 237 | 118.6 | 0.5 | 2.4 | 4.3 | 3.1 | 4 |
L9xL10 | 6.03 | 75.6 | 76.9 | 1 | 234.7 | 119.8 | 0.5 | 3.7 | 5.6 | 3.9 | 5.5 |
L9xL11 | 7.56 | 78.2 | 79.3 | 1 | 241.7 | 128.8 | 0.5 | 2.2 | 4.6 | 4.9 | 6.8 |
L9xL12 | 7.63 | 75.6 | 76.7 | 1 | 229.9 | 117.4 | 0.5 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 3.9 | 4.4 |
L10XL11 | 6.26 | 73 | 74.1 | 1 | 209.4 | 104.3 | 0.5 | 5.2 | 5.8 | 4.3 | 5.1 |
L10XL12 | 6.92 | 71.5 | 72.3 | 1 | 232.7 | 107.6 | 0.4 | 3 | 5.7 | 3.9 | 5.3 |
L11XL12 | 6.52 | 71.7 | 72.8 | 1 | 226.2 | 109.3 | 0.5 | 4.2 | 6.3 | 5.7 | 7.3 |
BH546 | 7.11 | 79.5 | 80.9 | 1 | 215 | 97.6 | 0.4 | 2.6 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 5.7 |
BH547 | 8.95 | 82.7 | 84.3 | 2 | 223.2 | 121.8 | 0.5 | 3 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.3 |
Maximum | 9.11 | 83.8 | 85.3 | 2 | 241.7 | 128.8 | 0.6 | 6.9 | 7.8 | 6.1 | 7.3 |
Minimum | 1.75 | 71.3 | 72 | 0 | 140.3 | 79.6 | 0.4 | 2.1 | 3.7 | 2.9 | 3 |
Average | 6.21 | 75.3 | 76.5 | 1 | 218 | 103 | 0.5 | 4.1 | 5.6 | 4.3 | 4.8 |
SE | 0.78 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 0 | 8.6 | 6.5 | 0 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.6 |
Crosses | Grain yield (t/hec) | Days to Anthesis | Days to Silking | Plant Height | Ear Height | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SH | SH | SH | SH | SH | ||||||
BH549 | BH545 | BH549 | BH545 | BH549 | BH545 | BH549 | BH545 | BH549 | BH545 | |
L10XL4 | 22.51 | 56.78** | -0.48 | -3.96** | -0.11 | -4.2** | 1.11 | 7.68* | -10.53 | 4.64 |
L10XL3 | 30.34* | 66.81** | -0.68 | -4.15** | 0.62 | -3.51* | -10.24** | -4.42 | -17.33* | -3.32 |
L10XL6 | 31.65* | 68.48** | 1.04 | -2.49 | 1.29 | -2.87 | -8.33* | -2.38 | -18.6* | -4.8 |
L12XL1 | 8.48 | 38.83* | -5.5** | -8.8** | -6.1** | -9.93** | -18.84** | -13.57** | -33.62** | -22.37* |
L12XL2 | 5.71 | 35.28* | -0.68 | -4.15** | -0.57 | -4.65** | -16.38** | -10.95** | -22.3** | -9.13 |
L12XL3 | 13.87 | 45.72** | -3.23* | -6.62** | -2.14 | -6.16** | -11.32** | -5.56 | -22.2** | -9.01 |
L12XL5 | 5.06 | 34.45* | -6.3** | -9.59** | -4.9** | -8.8** | -15.76** | -10.3** | -33.15** | -21.82* |
L12XL6 | 15.82 | 48.23** | -1.24 | -4.69** | -1.64 | -5.68** | -5.94 | 0.16 | -7.66 | 7.99 |
L12XL7 | 7.5 | 37.58* | 1.42 | -2.13 | 1.37 | -2.79 | -14.47** | -8.92* | -22.91** | -9.84 |
L12XL10 | 2.12 | 30.69 | 0.45 | -3.06* | 3.13 | -1.1 | -20.23** | -15.05** | -31.52** | -19.91* |
L13XL1 | 10.6 | 41.54* | 1.2 | -2.34 | 4.28* | 0 | -18.14** | -12.82** | -42.96** | -33.3** |
L13XL3 | -17.94 | 5.01 | 0.4 | -3.11* | 0.57 | -3.55* | -18.96** | -13.7** | -37.04** | -26.4** |
L13XL4 | -16.97 | 6.26 | 0.65 | -2.86* | 1.37 | -2.79 | -11.71** | -5.98 | -20.24** | -6.72 |
L13XL6 | 1.31 | 29.65 | -0.63 | -4.1** | 0.74 | -3.39* | -1.63 | 4.76 | -9.47 | 5.88 |
L13XL7 | 12.56 | 44.05** | 1.8 | -1.75 | 3.68* | -0.57 | -3.83 | 2.42 | -10.43 | 4.76 |
L13XL10 | 16.48 | 49.06** | -0.76 | -4.23** | 0.15 | -3.95* | -9.32* | -3.43 | -20.23** | -6.7 |
L13XL11 | -10.28 | 14.82 | 1.61 | -1.94 | 2.36 | -1.84 | -16** | -10.55** | -36.59** | -25.8** |
L13XL12 | 26.92* | 62.42** | -2.37 | -5.79** | -1.01 | -5.07** | -17.16** | -11.79** | -33.8** | -22.58* |
Maximum | 31.65 | 68.48 | 1.8 | -1.75 | 4.28 | 0 | 1.11 | 7.68 | -7.66 | 7.99 |
Minimum | -17.94 | 5.01 | -6.31 | -9.59 | -6.08 | -9.93 | -20.23 | -15.05 | -42.96 | -33.29 |
Average | 9.21 | 39.76 | -0.74 | -4.21 | 0.17 | -3.94 | -12.06 | -6.35 | -23.92 | -11.02 |
SE | 0.54 | 0.82 | 0.99 | 5.62 | 5.72 |
Crosses | Grain yield (t/hec) | Days to Anthesis | Days to Silking | Plant Height | Ear Height | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SH | SH | SH | SH | SH | ||||||
BH546 | BH547 | BH546 | BH547 | BH546 | BH547 | BH546 | BH547 | BH546 | BH547 | |
L1xL2 | -12.38 | -30.39* | -3.63** | -11** | -8.03** | -11.7** | 1.95 | -1.79 | 6.35 | -14.78* |
L1xL3 | -21.24 | -37.4** | -2.46* | -8.71** | -5.81** | -9.61** | 3.3 | -0.49 | 10.86 | -11.17 |
L1xL4 | -11.81 | -29.94* | -2.34* | -8.46** | -5.07* | -8.9** | 0.33 | -3.36 | 3.28 | -17.24* |
L1xL5 | -28.83 | -43.5** | -2.58* | -8.95** | -5.93** | -9.73** | -0.23 | -3.9 | 3.07 | -17.41* |
L1xL6 | -6.05 | -25.36* | -2.28* | -8.34** | -5.07* | -8.9** | 4.79 | 0.94 | 15.37 | -7.55 |
L1xL7 | -51.48** | -61.5** | 0.31 | -3.26 | 1.36 | -2.73 | 3.95 | 0.13 | 3.28 | -17.24* |
L1xL8 | -47.26** | -58.1** | -1.54 | -6.89** | -3.58 | -7.47** | -2.56 | -6.14 | -13.63 | -30.8** |
L1xL9 | -6.33 | -25.59* | -3.69** | -11.1** | -7.29** | -11.1** | -8.51 | -11.87* | 19.16* | -4.52 |
L1xL10 | -20.96 | -37.2** | -2.15* | -8.1** | -4.94* | -8.78** | -3.72 | -7.26 | 1.02 | -19.1** |
L1xL11 | -72.6** | -78.2** | -0.43 | -4.72* | -1.24 | -5.22* | 5.16 | 1.3 | -2.87 | -22.2** |
L1xL12 | -13.36 | -31.2** | -3.26** | -10.3** | -7.29** | -11.1** | 1.35 | -2.37 | 12.5 | -9.85 |
L2XL3 | -9.28 | -27.93* | -2.77** | -9.31** | -6.06** | -9.85** | 0.79 | -2.91 | 14.55 | -8.21 |
L2XL4 | -5.34 | -24.8* | -1.72 | -7.26** | -3.96 | -7.83** | 5.91 | 2.02 | 15.98 | -7.06 |
L2XL5 | 19.13 | -5.36 | -1.85 | -7.5** | -4.33* | -8.19** | 5.35 | 1.48 | 13.32 | -9.2 |
L2XL6 | 10.13 | -12.51 | -3.69** | -11.1** | -7.66** | -11.4** | 0.98 | -2.73 | 13.93 | -8.7 |
L2XL7 | -37.13* | -50.1** | -2.28* | -8.34** | -4.45* | -8.3** | 2.47 | -1.3 | 12.3 | -10.02 |
L2XL8 | -20.82 | -37.1** | -2.4* | -8.59** | -4.57* | -8.42** | -0.98 | -4.61 | 11.58 | -10.59 |
L2XL9 | -11.53 | -29.72* | -0.31 | -4.47* | -0.49 | -4.51* | 3.12 | -0.67 | 13.52 | -9.03 |
L2XL10 | 7.45 | -14.64 | -1.11 | -6.05** | -2.1 | -6.05** | 4.28 | 0.45 | 6.76 | -14.45* |
L2XL11 | -54.01** | -63.5** | 2.65** | 1.33 | 5.44* | 1.19 | -34.7** | -37.2** | -18.44* | -34.7** |
L2XL12 | -43.46** | -55.1** | 0 | -3.87 | 0.49 | -3.56 | -13.63* | -16.8** | -16.39 | -33** |
L3XL4 | -10.97 | -29.27* | -1.78 | -7.38** | -3.34 | -7.24** | 5.3 | 1.43 | 7.99 | -13.46 |
L3XL5 | -13.36 | -31.2** | -1.48 | -6.77** | -3.09 | -7** | 4.98 | 1.12 | 17.11 | -6.16 |
L3XL6 | -5.63 | -25.03* | -1.35 | -6.53** | -2.47 | -6.41** | 8.19 | 4.21 | 17.62 | -5.75 |
L3XL7 | -0.56 | -21.01 | -2.46* | -8.71** | -4.45* | -8.3** | 10.09 | 6.05 | 19.47* | -4.27 |
L3XL8 | -16.17 | -33.4** | -2.4* | -8.59** | -4.94* | -8.78** | 10.33 | 6.27 | 11.48 | -10.67 |
L3XL9 | 3.94 | -17.43 | -2.34* | -8.46** | -5.19* | -9.02** | 10.56 | 6.5 | 14.96 | -7.88 |
L3XL10 | 2.25 | -18.77 | -1.05 | -5.93** | -1.11 | -5.1* | 6.47 | 2.55 | 23.77** | -0.82 |
L3XL11 | -13.22 | -31.1** | -3.69** | -11.1** | -7.79** | -11.5** | 5.07 | 1.21 | 0.2 | -19.7** |
L3XL12 | -4.78 | -24.4* | -2.46* | -8.71** | -5.69** | -9.49** | -3.16 | -6.72 | -12.81 | -30.13** |
L4XL5 | -30.1* | -44.47** | -4.12** | -11.97** | -8.16** | -11.86** | 1.53 | -2.2 | 2.56 | -17.82* |
L4XL6 | -16.03 | -33.3** | -1.54 | -6.89** | -3.96 | -7.83** | 1.67 | -2.06 | 3.69 | -16.91* |
L4XL7 | -26.58 | -41.68** | -4.62** | -12.94** | -9.15** | -12.81** | -4.19 | -7.71 | -6.97 | -25.45** |
L4XL8 | -1.41 | -21.68 | -4.12** | -11.97** | -8.53** | -12.22** | 3.91 | 0.09 | 6.86 | -14.37* |
L4XL9 | -16.32 | -33.52** | -3.14** | -10.04** | -6.43** | -10.2** | -8.65 | -12.01* | -2.25 | -21.67** |
L4XL10 | -19.55 | -36.09** | -3.88** | -11.49** | -7.54** | -11.27** | 0.09 | -3.58 | -1.33 | -20.94** |
L4XL11 | -28.69 | -43.35** | -4.62** | -12.94** | -9.77** | -13.4** | 4.28 | 0.45 | -2.36 | -21.76** |
L4XL12 | -11.11 | -29.39* | -3.51** | -10.76** | -7.29** | -11.03** | 7.16 | 3.23 | 8.4 | -13.14 |
L5XL6 | -75.4** | -80.45** | -2.28* | -8.34** | -6.8** | -10.56** | -1.81 | -5.42 | -10.04 | -27.91** |
L5XL7 | -9 | -27.71* | -3.88** | -11.49** | -8.53** | -12.2** | 2.98 | -0.81 | -7.99 | -26.27** |
L5XL8 | 1.69 | -19.22 | -3.39** | -10.52** | -7.29** | -11.03** | 0.93 | -2.78 | 0.2 | -19.7** |
L5XL9 | 23.21 | -2.12 | -4.43** | -12.58** | -9.39** | -13.05** | 6.19 | 2.28 | 5.12 | -15.76* |
L5XL10 | 3.66 | -17.65 | -0.37 | -4.59* | 0.37 | -3.68 | 9.95 | 5.91 | 16.7 | -6.49 |
L5XL11 | 9.56 | -12.96 | -4.74** | -13.18** | -9.77** | -13.4** | 7.86 | 3.9 | 16.09 | -6.98 |
L5XL12 | -18.28 | -35.08** | -4.99** | -13.66** | -9.52** | -13.17** | 1.81 | -1.93 | -7.38 | -25.78** |
L6xL7 | -17.16 | -34.19** | -3.57** | -10.88** | -7.66** | -11.39** | -8.05 | -11.42* | -13.73 | -30.87** |
L6xL8 | -10.13 | -28.6* | -3.69** | -11.12** | -7.79** | -11.51** | -4 | -7.53 | -3.89 | -22.99** |
L6xL9 | -13.36 | -31.17** | -1.54 | -6.89** | -3.34 | -7.24** | -4.84 | -8.33 | -8.09 | -26.35** |
L6xL10 | -25.88 | -41.12** | -2.03* | -7.86** | -4.82* | -8.66** | -1.21 | -4.84 | -9.53 | -27.5** |
L6xL11 | 1.83 | -19.11 | -4.55** | -12.82** | -9.52** | -13.17** | -6.33 | -9.77 | -16.6 | -33.17** |
L6xL12 | -4.78 | -24.36* | -2.77** | -9.31** | -5.93** | -9.73** | -0.51 | -4.17 | 0.72 | -19.29** |
L7XL8 | -29.4* | -43.91** | -3.26** | -10.28** | -6.67** | -10.44** | -11.91* | -15.14** | -13.63 | -30.79** |
L7XL9 | -21.24 | -37.43** | -5.05** | -13.78** | -9.64** | -13.29** | 2.09 | -1.66 | -1.02 | -20.69** |
L7XL10 | -18 | -34.86** | -4.8** | -13.3** | -11** | -14.59** | -9.58 | -12.9* | -14.14 | -31.2** |
L7XL11 | -17.3 | -34.3** | -4.12** | -11.97** | -8.65** | -12.34** | -5.53 | -9.01 | -10.55 | -28.33** |
L7XL12 | -37.13* | -50.06** | -4.12** | -11.97** | -9.02** | -12.69** | -1.63 | -5.24 | 4.1 | -16.58* |
L8xL9 | 6.89 | -15.08 | -3.08** | -9.92** | -6.8** | -10.56** | 6.51 | 2.6 | 19.47* | -4.27 |
L8xL10 | 5.63 | -16.09 | -2.52* | -8.83** | -5.81** | -9.61** | 6.47 | 2.55 | 16.7 | -6.49 |
L8xL11 | -2.39 | -22.46 | -1.05 | -5.93** | -1.85 | -5.81** | 9.12 | 5.11 | 27.87** | 2.46 |
L8xL12 | 28.13 | 1.79 | -2.58* | -8.95** | -5.93** | -9.73** | 10.23 | 6.18 | 21.52* | -2.63 |
L9xL10 | -15.19 | -32.63** | -2.4* | -8.59** | -4.94* | -8.78** | 9.16 | 5.15 | 22.75* | -1.64 |
L9xL11 | 6.33 | -15.53 | -0.8 | -5.44** | -1.98 | -5.93** | 12.42* | 8.29 | 31.97** | 5.75 |
L9xL12 | 7.31 | -14.75 | -2.4* | -8.59** | -5.19* | -9.02** | 6.93 | 3 | 20.29* | -3.61 |
L10XL11 | -11.95 | -30.06* | -4** | -11.73** | -8.41** | -12.1** | -2.6 | -6.18 | 6.86 | -14.37* |
L10XL12 | -2.67 | -22.68 | -4.92** | -13.54** | -10.63** | -14.23** | 8.23 | 4.26 | 10.25 | -11.66 |
L11XL12 | -8.3 | -27.15* | -4.8** | -13.3** | -10.01** | -13.64** | 5.21 | 1.34 | 11.99 | -10.26 |
Maximum | 28.13 | 1.79 | 2.65 | 1.33 | 5.44 | 1.19 | 12.42 | 8.29 | 31.97 | 5.75 |
Minimum | -75.4 | -80.45 | -5.05 | -13.78 | -11 | -14.59 | -34.74 | -37.14 | -18.44 | -34.65 |
Average | -13.47 | -31.26 | -2.7 | -9.18 | -5.7 | -9.5 | 1.38 | -2.34 | 5.3 | -15.62 |
SE | 0.74 | 1.15 | 1.22 | 8.23 | 6.19 |
BNMRC | Bako National Maize Research Center |
EIAR | Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research |
SH | Standard Heterosis |
t/ha | Tone Per Hectare |
SE | Standard Error |
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APA Style
Yadesa, L., Garoma, B., Asefa, G. (2024). Performance of Provitamin a Maize Hybrids for Yield and Desirable Agronomic Traits. Innovation, 5(3), 95-108. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.innov.20240503.13
ACS Style
Yadesa, L.; Garoma, B.; Asefa, G. Performance of Provitamin a Maize Hybrids for Yield and Desirable Agronomic Traits. Innovation. 2024, 5(3), 95-108. doi: 10.11648/j.innov.20240503.13
@article{10.11648/j.innov.20240503.13, author = {Lemi Yadesa and Belay Garoma and Gemechu Asefa}, title = {Performance of Provitamin a Maize Hybrids for Yield and Desirable Agronomic Traits }, journal = {Innovation}, volume = {5}, number = {3}, pages = {95-108}, doi = {10.11648/j.innov.20240503.13}, url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.innov.20240503.13}, eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.innov.20240503.13}, abstract = {To find improved F1 hybrids for breeding procedures, the heterosis of maize hybrids must be determined. Therefore, to identify prospective hybrids for use in future provitamin A maize breeding systems, this study was carried out to evaluate the amount of standard heterosis for grain yield and related attributes. Fifteen provitamin A maize inbred lines were crossed through the diallel-II design. The resulting Eight four F1 hybrids along with four standard checks (BHQPY545, BH549, BH546, and BH547) were evaluated using RCBD (20 entries) and Alpha-Lattice Design (68 entries) with two replications during 2022/2023 main cropping season at Bako National Maize Research Center. Analysis of variance revealed significant variations for most of the traits indicating the existence of genetic variability. The Standard heterosis assessment noticed significant positive and negative heterosis for the majority of the traits investigated. Cross combinations over BHQPY 545, such as L10 × L3, L10 × L6, and L13×L12, demonstrated the largest proportion of traditional heterosis for grain yield (more than 25% yield advantage). Because BH546 and BH547 are normal maize with grain production potential, the majority of crossings yielded negative and significant results over commercial checks. The highest found heterosis for grain yield and associated factors indicated that maize genotypes' heterotic potential may be beneficial to boost yield. The findings of this study could be valuable for researchers looking to develop high-yielding provitamin A maize hybrids. As a result, possible hybrids might be recommended for commercial usage once the results have been verified by repeating the research over time and across places, as well as incorporating quality attributes analysis data. }, year = {2024} }
TY - JOUR T1 - Performance of Provitamin a Maize Hybrids for Yield and Desirable Agronomic Traits AU - Lemi Yadesa AU - Belay Garoma AU - Gemechu Asefa Y1 - 2024/08/20 PY - 2024 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.innov.20240503.13 DO - 10.11648/j.innov.20240503.13 T2 - Innovation JF - Innovation JO - Innovation SP - 95 EP - 108 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2994-7138 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.innov.20240503.13 AB - To find improved F1 hybrids for breeding procedures, the heterosis of maize hybrids must be determined. Therefore, to identify prospective hybrids for use in future provitamin A maize breeding systems, this study was carried out to evaluate the amount of standard heterosis for grain yield and related attributes. Fifteen provitamin A maize inbred lines were crossed through the diallel-II design. The resulting Eight four F1 hybrids along with four standard checks (BHQPY545, BH549, BH546, and BH547) were evaluated using RCBD (20 entries) and Alpha-Lattice Design (68 entries) with two replications during 2022/2023 main cropping season at Bako National Maize Research Center. Analysis of variance revealed significant variations for most of the traits indicating the existence of genetic variability. The Standard heterosis assessment noticed significant positive and negative heterosis for the majority of the traits investigated. Cross combinations over BHQPY 545, such as L10 × L3, L10 × L6, and L13×L12, demonstrated the largest proportion of traditional heterosis for grain yield (more than 25% yield advantage). Because BH546 and BH547 are normal maize with grain production potential, the majority of crossings yielded negative and significant results over commercial checks. The highest found heterosis for grain yield and associated factors indicated that maize genotypes' heterotic potential may be beneficial to boost yield. The findings of this study could be valuable for researchers looking to develop high-yielding provitamin A maize hybrids. As a result, possible hybrids might be recommended for commercial usage once the results have been verified by repeating the research over time and across places, as well as incorporating quality attributes analysis data. VL - 5 IS - 3 ER -