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Determinants of Household Food Insecurity in Rural Ethiopia: Multiple Linear Regression (Classical and Bayesian Approaches)

Received: 22 October 2020     Accepted: 16 November 2020     Published: 11 December 2020
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Abstract

This paper examined the determinants of food insecurity among rural households in Ethiopia using data obtained from Households Consumption and Expenditure (HCE) and Welfare Monitoring (WMS) Survey conducted in 2011 by Central Statistical Agency (CSA). Bayesian multiple liner regression analysis was employed to identify determinant factors of rural household’s food insecurity, diet quality. The study revealed that the diet quality measure for rural households was obtained to be 68% who food secured and 32% who food in secured. The results of the analysis show that the variables, educational level of head of households, annual per capita expenditure of a households, farm land size of a households, number of oxen owned by the farm households, distance to input source, age of the households head, household size, gender of head of household, participating in off-farm activities, production storage and shocks such as: price rice of food items, flood, drought and illness were found to be the most important determinants of households food insecurity. Accordingly, the study suggests that a judicious combination of interventions that enhance income diversification opportunities in rural areas through promoting off-farm activities, family planning, and education, training and extension services could help enhance household food security. Provision of awareness creation on better and productive utilization of such resources as production storage should also be emphasized in rural areas. Generally improvements in fourteen predictor variables have the potential to increase the number of food secured households in rural households of Ethiopia.

Published in International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mathematics (Volume 6, Issue 5)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijtam.20200605.12
Page(s) 64-75
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Ethiopia, Household Food Insecurity, Bayesian Regression

References
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[2] Berhane, G, Gilligan, D. O. Hoddinott, J., Kumar, N. and Taffesse, A. S. 2014. Can Social Protection Work in Africa? The Impact of Ethiopias Productive Safety Net Programme. Econ. Dev. Cult. Change 63, 126. doi: 10.1086/677753.
[3] Dorosh, P S. Rashid. (2012). Introduction. In Food and Agriculture in Ethiopia: Progressand Policy Challenges, eds. Published for the International Food Policy ResearchInstitute, University of PennC sylvania Press.
[4] Central Statistical Authority (CSA), Households Consumption and Expenditure (HCE) and Welfare Monitoring (WM) Survey 2010/11 Analytical Report. October 2012 Addis Ababa.
[5] Fekadu, B. and Mequanent, M., 2010. Determinants of Food Security among Rural Households of CenF tral Ethiopia: An Empirical Analysis. Quarterly Journal of International Agriculture; 49 (4): 299-318.
[6] Alem, S., 2007. Determinates of Food Insecurity in Rural Households Tehuluder Woreda, South Wello Zone of the Amhara Region, Addis Ababa University School of Studies Masters Thesis, Ethiopia.
[7] Bedeke, S., 2012. Food insecurity and copping strategies: a perspective from Kersa district, East Hararghe Ethiopia. Food Science and Quality 2014. Management, 5: 19-27.
[8] Eden, M., R. Nigatu and Y. Ansha, 2009. The Levels, Determinants and Coping Mechanisms of Food Insecure Households in Southern Ethiopia. A Case study of Sidama, Wolaita and Guraghe Zones. The Drylands Coordination Group Report No. 55: 1-48.
[9] Regassa, N., 2011. Small holder farmers coping strategies to household food insecurity and hunger in Southern Ethiopia. Ethiopian Journal of Environmental Studies and Management; 4 (1): 39-48.
[10] Shumete, G. W., 2009. Poverty, Food insecurity and Livelihood strategies in Rural Gedeo: The case of Haroressa and Chichu PAs, SNNP In: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference of Ethiopia.
[11] Sikwela, M. M., 2008. Determinants of Household Food security in the semi-arid areas of Zimbabwe: A case study of irrigation and non-irrigation farmers in Lupane and Hwange Districts. Thesis for the degree of Master of Science in Agriculture. Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension. University of Fort Hare, Republic of South Africa.
[12] Oluyole, K. A., O. A. Oni, B. T. Omonona and K. O. Adenegan, 2009. Food Security Cocoa Farming Households of Ondo State, Nigeria. ARPN Journal of Agriculture and Biological. Sciences, 4: 7-13.
[13] Mesfin Welderufael, 2014, Determinants of households Vulnerability to Food Insecurity in Ethiopia: Econometric analysis of Rural and Urban Households.
[14] Shiferaw, F., Kilmer, R., and Galdwin, C. (2003). Determinants of Food Security in Southern EthiopiaS a Selected Paper Presented at the 2003 American Agricultural Economics Association Meeting in Mona tereal, Canada, Agricultural Economics 33: 351-363.
[15] Tilaye, T. D., 2004. Food insecurity: extent, determinants and household coping mechanisms in Gera Keya Wereda, Amhara region. Thesis submitted to the school of graduate studies in partial ful_llment for MA degree in regionaland local development studies Addis Ababa University.
[16] Berhanu, G. B., 2001. Food Insecurity in Ethiopia. The Impact of Socio-political Forces Development Research Series. Research Center on Development and International Relations Working Paper No. 102.
[17] Toulmin, C. (1996). Access to Food, Dry Season Strategies and Household Size amongst The Bambara of Central Mali. IDS Bulletin 17, No. 3, 58-66.
[18] Fekadu, 2008. Determinants of Household Food Security with a particular focus on Rainwater HarFvesting: the case of Bulbula in Adami-Tulu Jido Kombolcha Woreda, Oromia Region, Ethiopia.
[19] Markos Ezra (1997). Demographic Response to Ecological Deradation and Food Insecurity, Drought Prone Areas in the Northern Ethiopia: PDOD publications.
[20] Degefa Tolossa (2002). Household Seasonal Food Insecurity in Oromia Zone, Ethiopia.
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[22] Robert, A., O. M. James and T. Thomas, 2013. Determinants of household food security in the SekyereR Afram Plains District Of Ghana, Department of Agricultural Economics, Agribusiness and Extension, Kwame Nkrumah University Of Science And Technology, Kumasi-Ghana.
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  • APA Style

    Efrem Belachew Sime. (2020). Determinants of Household Food Insecurity in Rural Ethiopia: Multiple Linear Regression (Classical and Bayesian Approaches). International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mathematics, 6(5), 64-75. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtam.20200605.12

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    ACS Style

    Efrem Belachew Sime. Determinants of Household Food Insecurity in Rural Ethiopia: Multiple Linear Regression (Classical and Bayesian Approaches). Int. J. Theor. Appl. Math. 2020, 6(5), 64-75. doi: 10.11648/j.ijtam.20200605.12

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    AMA Style

    Efrem Belachew Sime. Determinants of Household Food Insecurity in Rural Ethiopia: Multiple Linear Regression (Classical and Bayesian Approaches). Int J Theor Appl Math. 2020;6(5):64-75. doi: 10.11648/j.ijtam.20200605.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijtam.20200605.12,
      author = {Efrem Belachew Sime},
      title = {Determinants of Household Food Insecurity in Rural Ethiopia: Multiple Linear Regression (Classical and Bayesian Approaches)},
      journal = {International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mathematics},
      volume = {6},
      number = {5},
      pages = {64-75},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijtam.20200605.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtam.20200605.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijtam.20200605.12},
      abstract = {This paper examined the determinants of food insecurity among rural households in Ethiopia using data obtained from Households Consumption and Expenditure (HCE) and Welfare Monitoring (WMS) Survey conducted in 2011 by Central Statistical Agency (CSA). Bayesian multiple liner regression analysis was employed to identify determinant factors of rural household’s food insecurity, diet quality. The study revealed that the diet quality measure for rural households was obtained to be 68% who food secured and 32% who food in secured. The results of the analysis show that the variables, educational level of head of households, annual per capita expenditure of a households, farm land size of a households, number of oxen owned by the farm households, distance to input source, age of the households head, household size, gender of head of household, participating in off-farm activities, production storage and shocks such as: price rice of food items, flood, drought and illness were found to be the most important determinants of households food insecurity. Accordingly, the study suggests that a judicious combination of interventions that enhance income diversification opportunities in rural areas through promoting off-farm activities, family planning, and education, training and extension services could help enhance household food security. Provision of awareness creation on better and productive utilization of such resources as production storage should also be emphasized in rural areas. Generally improvements in fourteen predictor variables have the potential to increase the number of food secured households in rural households of Ethiopia.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

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    AB  - This paper examined the determinants of food insecurity among rural households in Ethiopia using data obtained from Households Consumption and Expenditure (HCE) and Welfare Monitoring (WMS) Survey conducted in 2011 by Central Statistical Agency (CSA). Bayesian multiple liner regression analysis was employed to identify determinant factors of rural household’s food insecurity, diet quality. The study revealed that the diet quality measure for rural households was obtained to be 68% who food secured and 32% who food in secured. The results of the analysis show that the variables, educational level of head of households, annual per capita expenditure of a households, farm land size of a households, number of oxen owned by the farm households, distance to input source, age of the households head, household size, gender of head of household, participating in off-farm activities, production storage and shocks such as: price rice of food items, flood, drought and illness were found to be the most important determinants of households food insecurity. Accordingly, the study suggests that a judicious combination of interventions that enhance income diversification opportunities in rural areas through promoting off-farm activities, family planning, and education, training and extension services could help enhance household food security. Provision of awareness creation on better and productive utilization of such resources as production storage should also be emphasized in rural areas. Generally improvements in fourteen predictor variables have the potential to increase the number of food secured households in rural households of Ethiopia.
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Author Information
  • Department of Statistics, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia

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