| Peer-Reviewed

Phytochemical Constituents and Antioxidant Properties of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Myrianthus arboreus

Received: 17 January 2017     Accepted: 29 January 2017     Published: 22 February 2017
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

This study was carried out to determine the phytochemical compositions and in vitro antioxidant properties of aqueous leaf extract of Myrianthus arboreus plant. The phytochemical analysis was determined using standard laboratory methods and the in vitro antioxidant properties assessed by the 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging and Reducing Power assay. The leaf extract showed the presence of saponins, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides and total phenol. These phytochemicals are in varying concentrations: saponins (2.05±0.02mg/g), flavonoids (0.33 ± 0.02mg/g), alkaloids (0.02±0.00mg/g), tannins (5.32 ± 0.01mg/g), total phenol (11.02 ± 1.00mg/g) and glycosides (0.48 ± 0.00mg/g). Also, the result of the antioxidant studies revealed that the percentage inhibition of Myrianthus arboreus aqueous leaf extract against free radical at different concentrations of 125µg/ml, 100µg/ml, 75µg/ml, 50µg/ml and 25µg/ml for both assays gave 74.4% and 64.5% respectively as compared to the standard (Ascorbic acid) values of 101.0% and 94.1%. Thus, the antioxidant activity of the extract was significant (p<0.05) for both assays when compared with the standard. However, the Reducing Power assay revealed increased significance. This implies that the inhibitory concentration (IC50) of Myrianthus arboreus leaf extract is lower than the standard ascorbic acid and therefore suggests that it is a potent antioxidant capable of scavenging excess free radicals. In conclusion, it can be deduced that the phytochemical compositions especially the total phenols which are higher in concentration when compared with other phytochemicals are responsible for the antioxidant properties of the plant and can invariably serve as natural supplements of antioxidant in foods and pharmaceutical products.

Published in International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering (Volume 5, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijbse.20170501.12
Page(s) 9-13
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Antioxidant, Free Radicals, Myrianthus arboreus and Phytochemicals

References
[1] Valko M, Rhodes CJ, Moncol J, Izakovic M, Mazur M. Free Radicals, metals and antioxidants in oxidative stress-induced cancer. Chemical Biol. Interat. 2006; 160: 1-14.
[2] Halliwell B, Gutteridge JMC. Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine. 3rded. New York: Oxford University Press; 1999.
[3] Marnett LJ. Lipid peroxidation-DNA damage by malondialdehyde. Mutat. Res. 1999; 424:83-95.
[4] Ara N, Nur H. In vitro antioxidant activity of methanolic leaves and flower extracts of Lippiaalba. Research Journal of Medicineand Medicinal Science; 2009; 4: 107-110.
[5] Simonian NA, CoyleJT. Oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases. Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology; 1996; 36: 83–106.
[6] Orwa C, Mutua A, Kindt R, Jamnuuadass R, Simons A. Agroforestree Database: a tree reference and selection guide version 4.0., World Agroforestry Centre, Nairobi, Kenya, 2009.
[7] Nyanayo BL, Offiong I. An evaluation of the taxonomic status of Musangacecroploides and Myrianthus arboreus. Nigerian Journal of Botan; 25(1):1-22.
[8] AgwaOK, Chuku W, Obichi, EA. The In Vitro Effect Of Myrianthus arboreus Leaf Extract On Some Pathogenic Bacteria Of Clinical Origin. Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Research., 2011; 1 (4):77-85
[9] Otitoju G, Nwamarah J, Otitoju O, Odoh E, Iyeghe L. Phytochemical composition of some underutilized green leafy vegetables in Nsukka urban LGA of Enugu State. Journal of. Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences; 2008; 4: 208-217.
[10] Nnamani CV, Oselebe HO, Agbatutu A. Assessment of Nutritional values of three underutilized Indigenous Leafy Vegetables of Ebonyi State, Nigeria. African Journal Biotechnology; 2009; 8: 2321-2324.
[11] Sofowora A. Medicinal plants and traditional medicines in Africa. Spectrum Book Limited. Ibadan, Nigeria, 1993; 289.
[12] Trease GE, Evans WC. Pharmacognosy, 11th edition. London: BrailliarTiridel Can Macmillian Publishers, 1986; 60-75.
[13] Harborne JB. Phytochemical Methods. Chapman and Hall Limited, London, 1973; 49-188.
[14] Brunner JH. Direct spectrophotometric determination of Saponins. Anal. Biochem, 1984; 42: 1752-1754.
[15] Dawra RK, Makkar HSP, Singh B. Protein binding capacity of microquantities of tannins. Anal. Biochem, 1988; 170(1): 50-53.
[16] Henry TA. Organic Analysis of Alkaloids. 6: 163-187.
[17] Kaur C. Kapoor CH. Antioxidant Activity and Total Phenolic Content of Some Asian Vegetable. International Journal of food Sci. and Technol. 2002; 37: 153-161.
[18] Halliwell H. Free Radicals, Antioxidants & Human Disease, Curiosity, Cause or Consumption. Lancet 1994; 344: 721-724.
[19] Nabsree D, Bratati D. Antioxidant activity of some leafy vegetables of India: A comparative studies. Food Chemistry.2007; 1: 471-474.
[20] Mojab F, Kamalinejad M, Ghaderi N, Vanidipour HR. Phytochemicals screening of some species of Iranian plants. Iran J. Pharm. Res. 2003; 3: 77-82.
[21] Saswati Roy, M. DuttaChoudhury, S. B. Paul, Antioxidant Potential of Rhizome of Alocasiadecipiens Schott. Asian J Pharm Clin Res. 2013; 6(2):120-122.
[22] Manikandan L, Senthilkumal GP, Rajash LT, Suresh R. Cancer Chemoprotective Agents From Medicinal Plants. Ethnobotanical Approach, Agrobioscience India. 2006, 410.
[23] Sanni O, Obidoa O, Omale J. Toxicity, Anti-Lipid Peroxidation, Invitro and Invivo Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity of Annonamuricata Ethanol Stem Bark Extract. American Journal Life Sciences; 2014; 5(2):271-277.
[24] Arowosegbe S, Oyeyemi S, Alo O. Investigation on the Medicinal And Nutritional Potentials of Some Vegetables Consumed in Ekiti State Nigeria. International Research Journal of Natural Sciences; 2015; 3(1): 16-30.
[25] Nsor OA, Emmanuel M, Arikpo I, Kimboline DE, and Matthew EE. Phytochemical and Nutritional profiles of Lasiantheraafricana, Heinsiacrinata and Gongronemalatifolium, Sc. J. New York, 2012; 5(3):45-48.
[26] Price JF, Fowkes FGR. Antioxidant vitamins in the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Europe Heart Jourrnal; 1997; 18:719-727.
[27] Catherine A. Rice-Evans, Nicholas J. Miller, George Paganga. Antioxidant properties of phenolic compounds. Trends in Plant Science; 1997; 2(4): 152–159.
[28] Dharani MB, Sumathi S, Sivaprabha J, Padma P.R. In vitro Antioxidant Potential of Prosopis cinerarialeaves. Journal ofNatural Product Plant Resource, 2011; 1: 26-32.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Awodi Patience Ilecholubo, Abbah Christopher Okpachi, Ejembi Daniel Ocholi. (2017). Phytochemical Constituents and Antioxidant Properties of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Myrianthus arboreus. International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering, 5(1), 9-13. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbse.20170501.12

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Awodi Patience Ilecholubo; Abbah Christopher Okpachi; Ejembi Daniel Ocholi. Phytochemical Constituents and Antioxidant Properties of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Myrianthus arboreus. Int. J. Biomed. Sci. Eng. 2017, 5(1), 9-13. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbse.20170501.12

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Awodi Patience Ilecholubo, Abbah Christopher Okpachi, Ejembi Daniel Ocholi. Phytochemical Constituents and Antioxidant Properties of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Myrianthus arboreus. Int J Biomed Sci Eng. 2017;5(1):9-13. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbse.20170501.12

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.ijbse.20170501.12,
      author = {Awodi Patience Ilecholubo and Abbah Christopher Okpachi and Ejembi Daniel Ocholi},
      title = {Phytochemical Constituents and Antioxidant Properties of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Myrianthus arboreus},
      journal = {International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering},
      volume = {5},
      number = {1},
      pages = {9-13},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijbse.20170501.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbse.20170501.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijbse.20170501.12},
      abstract = {This study was carried out to determine the phytochemical compositions and in vitro antioxidant properties of aqueous leaf extract of Myrianthus arboreus plant. The phytochemical analysis was determined using standard laboratory methods and the in vitro antioxidant properties assessed by the 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging and Reducing Power assay. The leaf extract showed the presence of saponins, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides and total phenol. These phytochemicals are in varying concentrations: saponins (2.05±0.02mg/g), flavonoids (0.33 ± 0.02mg/g), alkaloids (0.02±0.00mg/g), tannins (5.32 ± 0.01mg/g), total phenol (11.02 ± 1.00mg/g) and glycosides (0.48 ± 0.00mg/g). Also, the result of the antioxidant studies revealed that the percentage inhibition of Myrianthus arboreus aqueous leaf extract against free radical at different concentrations of 125µg/ml, 100µg/ml, 75µg/ml, 50µg/ml and 25µg/ml for both assays gave 74.4% and 64.5% respectively as compared to the standard (Ascorbic acid) values of 101.0% and 94.1%. Thus, the antioxidant activity of the extract was significant (p50) of Myrianthus arboreus leaf extract is lower than the standard ascorbic acid and therefore suggests that it is a potent antioxidant capable of scavenging excess free radicals. In conclusion, it can be deduced that the phytochemical compositions especially the total phenols which are higher in concentration when compared with other phytochemicals are responsible for the antioxidant properties of the plant and can invariably serve as natural supplements of antioxidant in foods and pharmaceutical products.},
     year = {2017}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Phytochemical Constituents and Antioxidant Properties of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Myrianthus arboreus
    AU  - Awodi Patience Ilecholubo
    AU  - Abbah Christopher Okpachi
    AU  - Ejembi Daniel Ocholi
    Y1  - 2017/02/22
    PY  - 2017
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbse.20170501.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijbse.20170501.12
    T2  - International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering
    JF  - International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering
    JO  - International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering
    SP  - 9
    EP  - 13
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2376-7235
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbse.20170501.12
    AB  - This study was carried out to determine the phytochemical compositions and in vitro antioxidant properties of aqueous leaf extract of Myrianthus arboreus plant. The phytochemical analysis was determined using standard laboratory methods and the in vitro antioxidant properties assessed by the 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging and Reducing Power assay. The leaf extract showed the presence of saponins, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides and total phenol. These phytochemicals are in varying concentrations: saponins (2.05±0.02mg/g), flavonoids (0.33 ± 0.02mg/g), alkaloids (0.02±0.00mg/g), tannins (5.32 ± 0.01mg/g), total phenol (11.02 ± 1.00mg/g) and glycosides (0.48 ± 0.00mg/g). Also, the result of the antioxidant studies revealed that the percentage inhibition of Myrianthus arboreus aqueous leaf extract against free radical at different concentrations of 125µg/ml, 100µg/ml, 75µg/ml, 50µg/ml and 25µg/ml for both assays gave 74.4% and 64.5% respectively as compared to the standard (Ascorbic acid) values of 101.0% and 94.1%. Thus, the antioxidant activity of the extract was significant (p50) of Myrianthus arboreus leaf extract is lower than the standard ascorbic acid and therefore suggests that it is a potent antioxidant capable of scavenging excess free radicals. In conclusion, it can be deduced that the phytochemical compositions especially the total phenols which are higher in concentration when compared with other phytochemicals are responsible for the antioxidant properties of the plant and can invariably serve as natural supplements of antioxidant in foods and pharmaceutical products.
    VL  - 5
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Department of Biochemistry, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Nigeria

  • Department of Biochemistry, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Nigeria

  • Department of Biochemistry, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Nigeria

  • Sections