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Prevalence and Identification of Major Ticks in Cattle in Damot Gale Woreda, Wolaita Zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia

Received: 5 October 2020     Accepted: 11 November 2020     Published: 25 December 2020
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Abstract

Across-sectional study was designed and conducted in Damot Gale district of Wolaita zone, south Ethiopia. The major objectives of the research were: to determine the prevalence of major ixodid ticks; to identify the collected ticks into their respective species; and to assess the risk factor influencing the prevalence of tick infestation in the study area. For this purpose, 384 heads of cattle maintained under traditional management system were selected using simple random sampling statistical technique. All visible ticks were collected from half body part of selected cattle, preserved in70% alcohol and transported to WSU-SVM for subsequent identification into species, based on key standards. Questionnaire survey was conducted to collect baseline information regarding farmers’ perceptions of the effects of ticks on livestock production. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software (Version20.1) for descriptive and inference purposed. A total of 264 ixodid ticks were collected, which belonged to of Boophilus (59.85%), Rhippicephalus (25.38%) and Amblyomma (14.77%) genera, with the overall prevalence of tick infestation to be about 6%. At species level, Boophilus decoloratus (59.85), Rhippicephalusevertsievertsi (25.38%), Amblyomma variegatum (10.61%) and Amblyommagemma (4.16%) were the hard tick species identified during the survey period. Regarding spatial distribution, these ticks had the highest prevalence at Gacheno and Chocha and the lowest prevalence at Fate district. Regression analysis indicated that the prevalence of tick infestation did not reveal significant statistical difference between male and female sex groups (p>0.05). Nevertheless, adult cattle over the age of three years were more significantly challenged by tick infestation than young cattle (P<0.05). Similarly, the prevalence of tick infestation was significantly higher (p<0.01) in cattle with poor body condition than those with medium and good body condition score. In conclusion, the present research disclosed that tick infestation due to hard tick s is responsible for considerable pathogenic impacts and economic losses due to their deleterious effects on leather industry. Based on the present findings, it is recommended that integrate tick control efforts should be implemented, and the efficacy acaricides should be detected to control the risk of drug resistance in Damot Gale district.

Published in International Journal of Animal Science and Technology (Volume 4, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijast.20200404.14
Page(s) 90-97
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Cattle, Damot Gale District, Ixodid Ticks, Risk Factors, Tick Infestation

References
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    Merete Mekuriya Detamo, Abraham Tessema Handalo. (2020). Prevalence and Identification of Major Ticks in Cattle in Damot Gale Woreda, Wolaita Zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia. International Journal of Animal Science and Technology, 4(4), 90-97. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijast.20200404.14

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    Merete Mekuriya Detamo; Abraham Tessema Handalo. Prevalence and Identification of Major Ticks in Cattle in Damot Gale Woreda, Wolaita Zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia. Int. J. Anim. Sci. Technol. 2020, 4(4), 90-97. doi: 10.11648/j.ijast.20200404.14

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    AMA Style

    Merete Mekuriya Detamo, Abraham Tessema Handalo. Prevalence and Identification of Major Ticks in Cattle in Damot Gale Woreda, Wolaita Zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia. Int J Anim Sci Technol. 2020;4(4):90-97. doi: 10.11648/j.ijast.20200404.14

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijast.20200404.14,
      author = {Merete Mekuriya Detamo and Abraham Tessema Handalo},
      title = {Prevalence and Identification of Major Ticks in Cattle in Damot Gale Woreda, Wolaita Zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia},
      journal = {International Journal of Animal Science and Technology},
      volume = {4},
      number = {4},
      pages = {90-97},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijast.20200404.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijast.20200404.14},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijast.20200404.14},
      abstract = {Across-sectional study was designed and conducted in Damot Gale district of Wolaita zone, south Ethiopia. The major objectives of the research were: to determine the prevalence of major ixodid ticks; to identify the collected ticks into their respective species; and to assess the risk factor influencing the prevalence of tick infestation in the study area. For this purpose, 384 heads of cattle maintained under traditional management system were selected using simple random sampling statistical technique. All visible ticks were collected from half body part of selected cattle, preserved in70% alcohol and transported to WSU-SVM for subsequent identification into species, based on key standards. Questionnaire survey was conducted to collect baseline information regarding farmers’ perceptions of the effects of ticks on livestock production. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software (Version20.1) for descriptive and inference purposed. A total of 264 ixodid ticks were collected, which belonged to of Boophilus (59.85%), Rhippicephalus (25.38%) and Amblyomma (14.77%) genera, with the overall prevalence of tick infestation to be about 6%. At species level, Boophilus decoloratus (59.85), Rhippicephalusevertsievertsi (25.38%), Amblyomma variegatum (10.61%) and Amblyommagemma (4.16%) were the hard tick species identified during the survey period. Regarding spatial distribution, these ticks had the highest prevalence at Gacheno and Chocha and the lowest prevalence at Fate district. Regression analysis indicated that the prevalence of tick infestation did not reveal significant statistical difference between male and female sex groups (p>0.05). Nevertheless, adult cattle over the age of three years were more significantly challenged by tick infestation than young cattle (P<0.05). Similarly, the prevalence of tick infestation was significantly higher (p<0.01) in cattle with poor body condition than those with medium and good body condition score. In conclusion, the present research disclosed that tick infestation due to hard tick s is responsible for considerable pathogenic impacts and economic losses due to their deleterious effects on leather industry. Based on the present findings, it is recommended that integrate tick control efforts should be implemented, and the efficacy acaricides should be detected to control the risk of drug resistance in Damot Gale district.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Prevalence and Identification of Major Ticks in Cattle in Damot Gale Woreda, Wolaita Zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia
    AU  - Merete Mekuriya Detamo
    AU  - Abraham Tessema Handalo
    Y1  - 2020/12/25
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    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijast.20200404.14
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijast.20200404.14
    T2  - International Journal of Animal Science and Technology
    JF  - International Journal of Animal Science and Technology
    JO  - International Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    EP  - 97
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2640-1312
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijast.20200404.14
    AB  - Across-sectional study was designed and conducted in Damot Gale district of Wolaita zone, south Ethiopia. The major objectives of the research were: to determine the prevalence of major ixodid ticks; to identify the collected ticks into their respective species; and to assess the risk factor influencing the prevalence of tick infestation in the study area. For this purpose, 384 heads of cattle maintained under traditional management system were selected using simple random sampling statistical technique. All visible ticks were collected from half body part of selected cattle, preserved in70% alcohol and transported to WSU-SVM for subsequent identification into species, based on key standards. Questionnaire survey was conducted to collect baseline information regarding farmers’ perceptions of the effects of ticks on livestock production. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software (Version20.1) for descriptive and inference purposed. A total of 264 ixodid ticks were collected, which belonged to of Boophilus (59.85%), Rhippicephalus (25.38%) and Amblyomma (14.77%) genera, with the overall prevalence of tick infestation to be about 6%. At species level, Boophilus decoloratus (59.85), Rhippicephalusevertsievertsi (25.38%), Amblyomma variegatum (10.61%) and Amblyommagemma (4.16%) were the hard tick species identified during the survey period. Regarding spatial distribution, these ticks had the highest prevalence at Gacheno and Chocha and the lowest prevalence at Fate district. Regression analysis indicated that the prevalence of tick infestation did not reveal significant statistical difference between male and female sex groups (p>0.05). Nevertheless, adult cattle over the age of three years were more significantly challenged by tick infestation than young cattle (P<0.05). Similarly, the prevalence of tick infestation was significantly higher (p<0.01) in cattle with poor body condition than those with medium and good body condition score. In conclusion, the present research disclosed that tick infestation due to hard tick s is responsible for considerable pathogenic impacts and economic losses due to their deleterious effects on leather industry. Based on the present findings, it is recommended that integrate tick control efforts should be implemented, and the efficacy acaricides should be detected to control the risk of drug resistance in Damot Gale district.
    VL  - 4
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • School of Veterinary Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia

  • Hadiya Zone Enterprises and Industry Development Department, Hossana, Ethiopia

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