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High Body Mass Index and Severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Cohort Study

Received: 18 April 2021     Accepted: 6 May 2021     Published: 15 May 2021
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Abstract

Background: SARS-CoV-2disease (COVID-19) has become pandemic all over world. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and severe outcomes of COVID-19 patients with high body mass index (BMI). Methods: A cohort study included 114 adult patients confirmed COVID-19 were classified by BMI levels on admission: overweight (25–29.9 kg/m2), and obesity (four categories: 30–34.9 kg/m2, 35–39.9 kg/m2, 40–44.9 kg/m2, and ≥45 kg/m2). The rate of pneumonia, severe pneumonia and ICU admission were our primary outcomes, complications and length of hospital stay were the secondary outcome. Results: In Qena University isolation Hospital, study was conducted in 114 patients confirmed COVID-19. The mean age of patients was 42.1±11.1 years and males were 53.5%. Hypertension and diabetes common comorbidities, 54 patients (47.3%) had pneumonia and 28 patients (24.6%) had progressed to severe pneumonia with significant difference across BMI level (p<0.05). The rates of admission to ICU were 13.1%, acute kidney injury (7.8%), acute liver injury (5.2%) and shock (7%), ICU mortality with BMI 40–44.9 kg/m2 and ≥45 kg/m2 showed 100% mortality among patients admitted (p <0.001), with median of days of hospitalization (12days). Multivariable analysis demonstrated that; BMI (increase one kg/m2), Hypertension, Dyslipidemia, Lymphopenia, CRP and IL6 independent risk factors for severe illness. Conclusion: Serious outcomes such as severe pneumonia, acute kidney injury and ICU mortality are associated with obesity and COVID-19. Call for future studies to find out the correlation between obesity and COVID-19.

Published in International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine (Volume 9, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijacm.20210901.14
Page(s) 16-22
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

High BMI, COVID-19, Sever Pneumonia, IL6

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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Gad Sayed Gad Abdel-Gelil. (2021). High Body Mass Index and Severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Cohort Study. International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine, 9(1), 16-22. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijacm.20210901.14

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    Gad Sayed Gad Abdel-Gelil. High Body Mass Index and Severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Cohort Study. Int. J. Anesth. Clin. Med. 2021, 9(1), 16-22. doi: 10.11648/j.ijacm.20210901.14

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    AMA Style

    Gad Sayed Gad Abdel-Gelil. High Body Mass Index and Severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Cohort Study. Int J Anesth Clin Med. 2021;9(1):16-22. doi: 10.11648/j.ijacm.20210901.14

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijacm.20210901.14,
      author = {Gad Sayed Gad Abdel-Gelil},
      title = {High Body Mass Index and Severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Cohort Study},
      journal = {International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine},
      volume = {9},
      number = {1},
      pages = {16-22},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijacm.20210901.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijacm.20210901.14},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijacm.20210901.14},
      abstract = {Background: SARS-CoV-2disease (COVID-19) has become pandemic all over world. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and severe outcomes of COVID-19 patients with high body mass index (BMI). Methods: A cohort study included 114 adult patients confirmed COVID-19 were classified by BMI levels on admission: overweight (25–29.9 kg/m2), and obesity (four categories: 30–34.9 kg/m2, 35–39.9 kg/m2, 40–44.9 kg/m2, and ≥45 kg/m2). The rate of pneumonia, severe pneumonia and ICU admission were our primary outcomes, complications and length of hospital stay were the secondary outcome. Results: In Qena University isolation Hospital, study was conducted in 114 patients confirmed COVID-19. The mean age of patients was 42.1±11.1 years and males were 53.5%. Hypertension and diabetes common comorbidities, 54 patients (47.3%) had pneumonia and 28 patients (24.6%) had progressed to severe pneumonia with significant difference across BMI level (p2 and ≥45 kg/m2 showed 100% mortality among patients admitted (p 2), Hypertension, Dyslipidemia, Lymphopenia, CRP and IL6 independent risk factors for severe illness. Conclusion: Serious outcomes such as severe pneumonia, acute kidney injury and ICU mortality are associated with obesity and COVID-19. Call for future studies to find out the correlation between obesity and COVID-19.},
     year = {2021}
    }
    

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    AB  - Background: SARS-CoV-2disease (COVID-19) has become pandemic all over world. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and severe outcomes of COVID-19 patients with high body mass index (BMI). Methods: A cohort study included 114 adult patients confirmed COVID-19 were classified by BMI levels on admission: overweight (25–29.9 kg/m2), and obesity (four categories: 30–34.9 kg/m2, 35–39.9 kg/m2, 40–44.9 kg/m2, and ≥45 kg/m2). The rate of pneumonia, severe pneumonia and ICU admission were our primary outcomes, complications and length of hospital stay were the secondary outcome. Results: In Qena University isolation Hospital, study was conducted in 114 patients confirmed COVID-19. The mean age of patients was 42.1±11.1 years and males were 53.5%. Hypertension and diabetes common comorbidities, 54 patients (47.3%) had pneumonia and 28 patients (24.6%) had progressed to severe pneumonia with significant difference across BMI level (p2 and ≥45 kg/m2 showed 100% mortality among patients admitted (p 2), Hypertension, Dyslipidemia, Lymphopenia, CRP and IL6 independent risk factors for severe illness. Conclusion: Serious outcomes such as severe pneumonia, acute kidney injury and ICU mortality are associated with obesity and COVID-19. Call for future studies to find out the correlation between obesity and COVID-19.
    VL  - 9
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Author Information
  • Department of Anesthesia, ICU &Pain Management, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt

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