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First Report of Bismarck Palm Anthracnose Caused by Colletotrichum siamense in China

Received: 27 March 2023     Accepted: 6 May 2023     Published: 10 May 2023
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Abstract

Bismarck palm (Bismarckia nobilis Hildebr. & H. Wendl.) is one of the most sought after palms. A severe disease of Bismarck palm was discovered in Wenchang, Hainan Province, China, in July 2010. The main symptoms were russet to gray-white lesions at the tip of leaflets, and the irregular-shaped lesions surrounded by reddish to brown halos. The lesions gradually extended to base of the compound leaf, and entire infected leaves dried up at the advanced stage. A fungus was consistently obtained on the potato dextrose agar medium and the colonies were grayish white, cottony aerial mycelia, with peach to orange conidial masses. The conidia were hyaline, one-celled, and cylindrical with obtuse to slightly rounded ends. A multi-locus approach was utilized to identify the casual pathogen. Molecular phylogenetic trees were constructed using six combined loci, and strain BWZ2 clustered with the ex-type strains of C. siamense (CBS 112983) in the maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree. The pathogenicity test indicated that typical gray-white lesions surrounded by brown halos were observed on all the inoculated leaflets at 7 days post inoculation. On the basis of the biological characteristics, pathogenicity, and analyses of the concatenated sequences of the ACT, CHS1, GAPDH, HIS, ITS, and TUB2 genes, the causal agent was identified as Colletotrichum siamense Prihastuti, L. Cai & K. D. Hyde. This is the first report of Bismarck palm anthracnose caused by C. siamense.

Published in International Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences (Volume 9, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijaas.20230903.12
Page(s) 74-78
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Bismarck Palm, Anthracnose, Colletotrichum siamense

References
[1] Tariq, R. M. S., Raza, S., & Ahmad, T. (2020). Fungal Diseases of Bismarckia Palm (Bismarckia nobilis). In: Ul Haq, I., Ijaz, S. (eds) Etiology and Integrated Management of Economically Important Fungal Diseases of Ornamental Palms. Sustainability in Plant and Crop Protection, vol 16. Springer, Cham. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-56330-1_9.
[2] Yang, Y. L., Liu, Z. Y., Cai, L., Hyde, K. D., Yu, Z. N. & Mckenzie, E. H. C. (2009). Colletotrichum anthracnose of Amaryllidaceae. Fungal Diversity, 39: 123-146.
[3] Weir, B. S., Johnston, P. R., & Damm, U. (2012). The Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex. Studies in Mycology, 73: 115-180.
[4] Sharma, G., Kumar, N., Weir, B. S., Hyde, K. D. & Shenoy, B. D. (2013). The ApMat gene marker can resolve Colletotrichum species: a case study with Mangifera indica. Fungal Diversity, 61: 117-138.
[5] Xu, G. (2020). Pathogen identification and whole genome cloning and structural analysis of mycovirus in pathogen of Areca catechu Diaporthe leaf spot (Master thesis). Haikou: Hainan University.
[6] Vieira, W. A. S., Bezerra, P. A., Silva, A. C., Veloso, J. S., Câmara, M. P. S., & Doyle, V. P., (2020). Optimal markers for the identification of Colletotrichum species. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 143: 106694.
[7] Kumar, S., Stecher, G., & Tamura, K. (2016). MEGA7: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 33: 1870-1874.
[8] Prihastuti, H., Cai, L., Chen, H., McKenzie, E. H. C., & Hyde, K. D. (2009). Characterisation of Colletotrichum species associated with coffee berries in northern Thailand. Fungal Diversity, 39: 89-109.
[9] Dwarka, D. J., Sharma, G., & Rajasab, A. H. (2016). Colletotrichum siamense causes anthracnose on the fruits of Pongamia pinnata in India. Mycosphere, 7: 492-498.
[10] Larran, S., Vera Bahima, J., Dal Bello, G., Franco, E. & Balatti, P. (2015). Colletotrichum siamense causing anthracnose in Bauhinia forficata subsp. pruinosa in Argentina. Australasian Plant Disease Notes, 10: 7.
[11] Talhinhas, P., & Baroncelli, R., (2021). Colletotrichum species and complexes: Geographic distribution, host range and conservation status. Fungal Diversity, 110: 109-198.
[12] Cao, X., Xu, X., Che, H., West, J. S., & Luo, D. (2020). Eight Colletotrichum species, including a novel species, are associated with areca palm anthracnose in Hainan, China. Plant Disease, 104: 1369-1377.
[13] Wang, Q. H., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. T., Li, D., Lin, X. L., & Lyu, J. (2021). First report of Colletotrichum siamense causing anthracnose on Cornus hongkongensisin China. Plant Disease, 105: 1860-1860.
[14] Dai, X. K., Liu, T., Li S. J., Chen, G, Chen, X. Y., Deng, Z. Y., & Zhu, T. H. (2022). First report of leaf spot caused by Colletotrichum siamense on Pharbitis purpurea in Sichuan, China. Plant Disease, Aug 30. Online ahead of print. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-05-22-1051-PDN.
[15] Farr, D. F., & Rossman, A. Y. (2023). Fungal Databases, Syst. Mycol. Microbiol. Lab., Online publication. ARS, USDA. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://nt.arsgrin.gov/fungaldatabases/
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  • APA Style

    Qinghua Tang, Weiwei Song, Fengyu Yu, Xiuli Meng, Zhaowei Lin. (2023). First Report of Bismarck Palm Anthracnose Caused by Colletotrichum siamense in China. International Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences, 9(3), 74-78. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaas.20230903.12

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    ACS Style

    Qinghua Tang; Weiwei Song; Fengyu Yu; Xiuli Meng; Zhaowei Lin. First Report of Bismarck Palm Anthracnose Caused by Colletotrichum siamense in China. Int. J. Appl. Agric. Sci. 2023, 9(3), 74-78. doi: 10.11648/j.ijaas.20230903.12

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    AMA Style

    Qinghua Tang, Weiwei Song, Fengyu Yu, Xiuli Meng, Zhaowei Lin. First Report of Bismarck Palm Anthracnose Caused by Colletotrichum siamense in China. Int J Appl Agric Sci. 2023;9(3):74-78. doi: 10.11648/j.ijaas.20230903.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijaas.20230903.12,
      author = {Qinghua Tang and Weiwei Song and Fengyu Yu and Xiuli Meng and Zhaowei Lin},
      title = {First Report of Bismarck Palm Anthracnose Caused by Colletotrichum siamense in China},
      journal = {International Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences},
      volume = {9},
      number = {3},
      pages = {74-78},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijaas.20230903.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaas.20230903.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijaas.20230903.12},
      abstract = {Bismarck palm (Bismarckia nobilis Hildebr. & H. Wendl.) is one of the most sought after palms. A severe disease of Bismarck palm was discovered in Wenchang, Hainan Province, China, in July 2010. The main symptoms were russet to gray-white lesions at the tip of leaflets, and the irregular-shaped lesions surrounded by reddish to brown halos. The lesions gradually extended to base of the compound leaf, and entire infected leaves dried up at the advanced stage. A fungus was consistently obtained on the potato dextrose agar medium and the colonies were grayish white, cottony aerial mycelia, with peach to orange conidial masses. The conidia were hyaline, one-celled, and cylindrical with obtuse to slightly rounded ends. A multi-locus approach was utilized to identify the casual pathogen. Molecular phylogenetic trees were constructed using six combined loci, and strain BWZ2 clustered with the ex-type strains of C. siamense (CBS 112983) in the maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree. The pathogenicity test indicated that typical gray-white lesions surrounded by brown halos were observed on all the inoculated leaflets at 7 days post inoculation. On the basis of the biological characteristics, pathogenicity, and analyses of the concatenated sequences of the ACT, CHS1, GAPDH, HIS, ITS, and TUB2 genes, the causal agent was identified as Colletotrichum siamense Prihastuti, L. Cai & K. D. Hyde. This is the first report of Bismarck palm anthracnose caused by C. siamense.},
     year = {2023}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - First Report of Bismarck Palm Anthracnose Caused by Colletotrichum siamense in China
    AU  - Qinghua Tang
    AU  - Weiwei Song
    AU  - Fengyu Yu
    AU  - Xiuli Meng
    AU  - Zhaowei Lin
    Y1  - 2023/05/10
    PY  - 2023
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaas.20230903.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijaas.20230903.12
    T2  - International Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences
    JF  - International Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences
    JO  - International Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences
    SP  - 74
    EP  - 78
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2469-7885
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaas.20230903.12
    AB  - Bismarck palm (Bismarckia nobilis Hildebr. & H. Wendl.) is one of the most sought after palms. A severe disease of Bismarck palm was discovered in Wenchang, Hainan Province, China, in July 2010. The main symptoms were russet to gray-white lesions at the tip of leaflets, and the irregular-shaped lesions surrounded by reddish to brown halos. The lesions gradually extended to base of the compound leaf, and entire infected leaves dried up at the advanced stage. A fungus was consistently obtained on the potato dextrose agar medium and the colonies were grayish white, cottony aerial mycelia, with peach to orange conidial masses. The conidia were hyaline, one-celled, and cylindrical with obtuse to slightly rounded ends. A multi-locus approach was utilized to identify the casual pathogen. Molecular phylogenetic trees were constructed using six combined loci, and strain BWZ2 clustered with the ex-type strains of C. siamense (CBS 112983) in the maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree. The pathogenicity test indicated that typical gray-white lesions surrounded by brown halos were observed on all the inoculated leaflets at 7 days post inoculation. On the basis of the biological characteristics, pathogenicity, and analyses of the concatenated sequences of the ACT, CHS1, GAPDH, HIS, ITS, and TUB2 genes, the causal agent was identified as Colletotrichum siamense Prihastuti, L. Cai & K. D. Hyde. This is the first report of Bismarck palm anthracnose caused by C. siamense.
    VL  - 9
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences / Hainan Engineering Research Center of Arecanut Industry, Wenchang, China

  • Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences / Hainan Engineering Research Center of Arecanut Industry, Wenchang, China

  • Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences / Hainan Engineering Research Center of Arecanut Industry, Wenchang, China

  • Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences / Hainan Engineering Research Center of Arecanut Industry, Wenchang, China

  • Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences / Hainan Engineering Research Center of Arecanut Industry, Wenchang, China

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