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The Inspection and Appraisal of the Yonghemen Structure of the Qing Dynasty in Beijing

Received: 12 October 2018     Accepted: 2 November 2018     Published: 5 December 2018
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Abstract

Beijing has concentrated many of the excellent wooden structures of ancient architecture, but some of the ancient buildings are inevitably damaged by natural and human factors because of the time passed by. Therefore, the regular inspection of the wood condition and the analysis of the safety performance of the wooden structure have become an indispensable work for the protection of ancient architecture. The Lama Temple is an outstanding example of the wooden structure of ancient architecture in Beijing. This research introduces the inspection and appraisal of the Yonghemen, which is one of the buildings in the Lama Temple, representing this kind of structures. First, surveying and mapping of the structure were completed, and detailed investigation and measurement of the stress and deformation states of the bearing member and the primary node were carried out to check structural safety. Meanwhile, several nondestructive inspection technologies were adopted during testing. For instance, radar was used to detect the foundation, Impulse tomography and resistograph were used to detect the wood quality, and also a pulsating method for identifying dynamic parameters of structure was adopted. Finally, the safety of building was appraised and rated in the end of the research based on the above detection results. Moreover, some suggestions for future monitor and protection were put forward.

Published in International Journal of Archaeology (Volume 6, Issue 2)
DOI 10.11648/j.ija.20180602.11
Page(s) 56-66
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Yonghemen, Ancient Architecture, Wooden Structure, Nondestructive, Inspection, Appraisal

References
[1] Jingxiao Li, Xiaoqing Zhang, Jing Li, et al. An experimental study of the damage degrees to ancient building timber caused by lightning strikes [J]. Journal of Electrostatics. 2017, 90: 23-30.
[2] Qian Zhou. Typical Structural Problems of Wooden Columns in the Ancient Buildings of the Forbidden City [J]. Journal of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering. 2015. 6: 107-112.
[3] Tao Zhang, Dejie Du. Appraisal of Structural Security for the Xiangdian of the Ancestral Temple [J]. Traditional Chinese Architecture and Gardens, 2017, 1.
[4] Tao Zhang, Yuqing Wu, Juling Wang. Constituent and Color Difference of "Red Wall" at the Beijing Ancient Palace and Temple Buildings [J]. Surface Technology, 2017, 2.
[5] GB 50165-92. Technical code for maintenance and strengthening of ancient timber buildings [S]. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 1992.
[6] GB/T 50452-2008. Technical specifications for protection of historic buildings against man-made vibration [S]. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2008.
[7] GB 50292-2015. Standard for appraiser of reliability of civil buildings [S]. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2015.
[8] JGJ 8-2007. Code for deformation measurement of building and structure [S]. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2007.
[9] GB/T 50344-2004. Technical standard for inspection of building structure [S]. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2004.
[10] Tao Zhang, Dongqing Li, Yang Han. Application and development of nondestructive inspection technique in ancient wood buildings [J]. Forestry machinery & woodworking equipment. 2011, 39(8): 11-12.
[11] Yongping Chen, Xiuying Liu, Hua Li, et al. Development of defect detection methods for ancient architecture components [J]. Forest engineering. 2011, 27(4): 52-53.
[12] Meng Ma, Weining Liu, Sheng-lan Zheng. Discussion of vibration classification for historic buildings [J]. Sciences of conservation and archaeology. 2013, 25(1): 54-59.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Tao Zhang, Dejie Du, Dongqing Li, Fuquan Xu, Yongping Chen. (2018). The Inspection and Appraisal of the Yonghemen Structure of the Qing Dynasty in Beijing. International Journal of Archaeology, 6(2), 56-66. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ija.20180602.11

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    ACS Style

    Tao Zhang; Dejie Du; Dongqing Li; Fuquan Xu; Yongping Chen. The Inspection and Appraisal of the Yonghemen Structure of the Qing Dynasty in Beijing. Int. J. Archaeol. 2018, 6(2), 56-66. doi: 10.11648/j.ija.20180602.11

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    AMA Style

    Tao Zhang, Dejie Du, Dongqing Li, Fuquan Xu, Yongping Chen. The Inspection and Appraisal of the Yonghemen Structure of the Qing Dynasty in Beijing. Int J Archaeol. 2018;6(2):56-66. doi: 10.11648/j.ija.20180602.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ija.20180602.11,
      author = {Tao Zhang and Dejie Du and Dongqing Li and Fuquan Xu and Yongping Chen},
      title = {The Inspection and Appraisal of the Yonghemen Structure of the Qing Dynasty in Beijing},
      journal = {International Journal of Archaeology},
      volume = {6},
      number = {2},
      pages = {56-66},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ija.20180602.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ija.20180602.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ija.20180602.11},
      abstract = {Beijing has concentrated many of the excellent wooden structures of ancient architecture, but some of the ancient buildings are inevitably damaged by natural and human factors because of the time passed by. Therefore, the regular inspection of the wood condition and the analysis of the safety performance of the wooden structure have become an indispensable work for the protection of ancient architecture. The Lama Temple is an outstanding example of the wooden structure of ancient architecture in Beijing. This research introduces the inspection and appraisal of the Yonghemen, which is one of the buildings in the Lama Temple, representing this kind of structures. First, surveying and mapping of the structure were completed, and detailed investigation and measurement of the stress and deformation states of the bearing member and the primary node were carried out to check structural safety. Meanwhile, several nondestructive inspection technologies were adopted during testing. For instance, radar was used to detect the foundation, Impulse tomography and resistograph were used to detect the wood quality, and also a pulsating method for identifying dynamic parameters of structure was adopted. Finally, the safety of building was appraised and rated in the end of the research based on the above detection results. Moreover, some suggestions for future monitor and protection were put forward.},
     year = {2018}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - The Inspection and Appraisal of the Yonghemen Structure of the Qing Dynasty in Beijing
    AU  - Tao Zhang
    AU  - Dejie Du
    AU  - Dongqing Li
    AU  - Fuquan Xu
    AU  - Yongping Chen
    Y1  - 2018/12/05
    PY  - 2018
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ija.20180602.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ija.20180602.11
    T2  - International Journal of Archaeology
    JF  - International Journal of Archaeology
    JO  - International Journal of Archaeology
    SP  - 56
    EP  - 66
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-7595
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ija.20180602.11
    AB  - Beijing has concentrated many of the excellent wooden structures of ancient architecture, but some of the ancient buildings are inevitably damaged by natural and human factors because of the time passed by. Therefore, the regular inspection of the wood condition and the analysis of the safety performance of the wooden structure have become an indispensable work for the protection of ancient architecture. The Lama Temple is an outstanding example of the wooden structure of ancient architecture in Beijing. This research introduces the inspection and appraisal of the Yonghemen, which is one of the buildings in the Lama Temple, representing this kind of structures. First, surveying and mapping of the structure were completed, and detailed investigation and measurement of the stress and deformation states of the bearing member and the primary node were carried out to check structural safety. Meanwhile, several nondestructive inspection technologies were adopted during testing. For instance, radar was used to detect the foundation, Impulse tomography and resistograph were used to detect the wood quality, and also a pulsating method for identifying dynamic parameters of structure was adopted. Finally, the safety of building was appraised and rated in the end of the research based on the above detection results. Moreover, some suggestions for future monitor and protection were put forward.
    VL  - 6
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Science and Technology Protection, Beijing Research Institute of Architectural Heritages, Beijing, China

  • Institute of Building Structure, China Academy of Building Research, Beijing, China

  • Department of Science and Technology Protection, Beijing Research Institute of Architectural Heritages, Beijing, China

  • Institute of Building Structure, China Academy of Building Research, Beijing, China

  • Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China

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