Waterborne bacterial infections are mainly caused by the direct transmission of pathogenic bacteria to the host through DW. Chlorination of DW is critical to prevent the water supplies from bacterial pathogens. In present study, microbiological quality of DW provided through filtration plants to Rawalpindi City was investigated. Experimentations were designed to screen bacterial tolerance to the added Chlorine, and to subsequent study the antibiotic sensitivity of isolated bacteria. A total of 107 water samples were collected. Out of which, 57.95% were found satisfactory for human consumption. pH determination revealed that 18.70% of the samples has pH in the range of 8.0 to 8.9. TDS analysis showed 14.01% of samples above the standard HDL (500 mg/L). Furthermore, 13.34% of the samples showed the highest load (351 to 1800 CFU/100mL) of fecal coliforms. Ciprofloxacin and Tetracycline were found to be the most effective antibiotics against the isolated pathogens. These bacterial strains were also able to tolerate 1mg/L of Chlorine. Present study revealed the presence of Chlorine and antibiotic resistant bacteria in DW, which poses a great health risk to the consumers. In conclusion, it is recommended to boil the DW, as it effectively kills all the bacteria in addition to chlorination.
| Published in | Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology (Volume 7, Issue 1) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.fem.20210701.12 |
| Page(s) | 6-14 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Chlorination, Chlorine Resistance, Drinking Water, Filtration Plants, Waterborne Bacteria
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APA Style
Mehrin Nishad Khan, Aneela Taj, Rashida Bano, Najeeb Ullah, Saifullah Khan. (2021). Occurrence of Chlorine Resistant Bacteria in Drinking Water Filtration Plants of Rawalpindi City, Pakistan. Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology, 7(1), 6-14. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.fem.20210701.12
ACS Style
Mehrin Nishad Khan; Aneela Taj; Rashida Bano; Najeeb Ullah; Saifullah Khan. Occurrence of Chlorine Resistant Bacteria in Drinking Water Filtration Plants of Rawalpindi City, Pakistan. Front. Environ. Microbiol. 2021, 7(1), 6-14. doi: 10.11648/j.fem.20210701.12
AMA Style
Mehrin Nishad Khan, Aneela Taj, Rashida Bano, Najeeb Ullah, Saifullah Khan. Occurrence of Chlorine Resistant Bacteria in Drinking Water Filtration Plants of Rawalpindi City, Pakistan. Front Environ Microbiol. 2021;7(1):6-14. doi: 10.11648/j.fem.20210701.12
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Download@article{10.11648/j.fem.20210701.12,
author = {Mehrin Nishad Khan and Aneela Taj and Rashida Bano and Najeeb Ullah and Saifullah Khan},
title = {Occurrence of Chlorine Resistant Bacteria in Drinking Water Filtration Plants of Rawalpindi City, Pakistan},
journal = {Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology},
volume = {7},
number = {1},
pages = {6-14},
doi = {10.11648/j.fem.20210701.12},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.fem.20210701.12},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.fem.20210701.12},
abstract = {Waterborne bacterial infections are mainly caused by the direct transmission of pathogenic bacteria to the host through DW. Chlorination of DW is critical to prevent the water supplies from bacterial pathogens. In present study, microbiological quality of DW provided through filtration plants to Rawalpindi City was investigated. Experimentations were designed to screen bacterial tolerance to the added Chlorine, and to subsequent study the antibiotic sensitivity of isolated bacteria. A total of 107 water samples were collected. Out of which, 57.95% were found satisfactory for human consumption. pH determination revealed that 18.70% of the samples has pH in the range of 8.0 to 8.9. TDS analysis showed 14.01% of samples above the standard HDL (500 mg/L). Furthermore, 13.34% of the samples showed the highest load (351 to 1800 CFU/100mL) of fecal coliforms. Ciprofloxacin and Tetracycline were found to be the most effective antibiotics against the isolated pathogens. These bacterial strains were also able to tolerate 1mg/L of Chlorine. Present study revealed the presence of Chlorine and antibiotic resistant bacteria in DW, which poses a great health risk to the consumers. In conclusion, it is recommended to boil the DW, as it effectively kills all the bacteria in addition to chlorination.},
year = {2021}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Occurrence of Chlorine Resistant Bacteria in Drinking Water Filtration Plants of Rawalpindi City, Pakistan AU - Mehrin Nishad Khan AU - Aneela Taj AU - Rashida Bano AU - Najeeb Ullah AU - Saifullah Khan Y1 - 2021/03/09 PY - 2021 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.fem.20210701.12 DO - 10.11648/j.fem.20210701.12 T2 - Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology JF - Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology JO - Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology SP - 6 EP - 14 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2469-8067 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.fem.20210701.12 AB - Waterborne bacterial infections are mainly caused by the direct transmission of pathogenic bacteria to the host through DW. Chlorination of DW is critical to prevent the water supplies from bacterial pathogens. In present study, microbiological quality of DW provided through filtration plants to Rawalpindi City was investigated. Experimentations were designed to screen bacterial tolerance to the added Chlorine, and to subsequent study the antibiotic sensitivity of isolated bacteria. A total of 107 water samples were collected. Out of which, 57.95% were found satisfactory for human consumption. pH determination revealed that 18.70% of the samples has pH in the range of 8.0 to 8.9. TDS analysis showed 14.01% of samples above the standard HDL (500 mg/L). Furthermore, 13.34% of the samples showed the highest load (351 to 1800 CFU/100mL) of fecal coliforms. Ciprofloxacin and Tetracycline were found to be the most effective antibiotics against the isolated pathogens. These bacterial strains were also able to tolerate 1mg/L of Chlorine. Present study revealed the presence of Chlorine and antibiotic resistant bacteria in DW, which poses a great health risk to the consumers. In conclusion, it is recommended to boil the DW, as it effectively kills all the bacteria in addition to chlorination. VL - 7 IS - 1 ER -
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