Utilization of Some Agro-Wastes for Cultivation of <i>Pluerotus ostreatus</i> (Oyster Mushroom) in Keffi Nigeria

Odonye Enoch Peter; Galleh Raphael Peter; Ishaya Isa Obele; Gabriel Owuna; Makut Makwin Danladi; Smart Obiekieze; Ombugadu Akwashiki

doi:doi:10.11648/j.fem.20190502.13

Utilization of Some Agro-Wastes for Cultivation of Pluerotus ostreatus (Oyster Mushroom) in Keffi Nigeria

Odonye Enoch Peter, Galleh Raphael Peter, Ishaya Isa Obele, Gabriel Owuna, Makut Makwin Danladi, Smart Obiekieze, Ombugadu Akwashiki

Published in Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology (Volume 5, Issue 2)

Received: 9 April 2019 Accepted: 27 May 2019 Published: 15 July 2019

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Abstract

Commercial crop production and many other agro-industrial activities generate large amount of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin. This research is aimed at the utilization of some of these agro-wastes for the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus (Oyster Mushroom) in Keffi area. The agro-wastes (cassava peels (CP), banana leaves (BL), saw dust (SD), yam peels (YP) and groundnut shells (GS) were collected, sorted, shredded, sterilized and inoculated with equal proportions of Pleurotus ostreatus (P. osreatus) for a period of four weeks. Rate of mycelia growth, temperature, mycological identification, nutritional contents of P. osreatus harvested and microbial isolation from the spent mushroom substrates were analyzed. The numbers of days for complete ramification of the substrates by mycelia of P. osreatus were; 18 days for BL and GS, 24 days for CP and YP while 30 days for SD. The room temperature within the period of exposure for fruiting of the ramified substrates ranges between 22°C to 28°C in the morning, 23°C to 30°C in the afternoon and 25°C to 31°C in the evening throughout the period of exposure. The nutritional contents of the Pleurotus ostreatus from the different substrates analysed were, Moisture content was highest in SD (87.05%) and lest in GS (80.71%), Protein content was highest in GS (38.13%) and lowest in BL (16.43%), Lipid content was highest in GS (4.62%) and lest in CP (1.83%), Carbohydrate content was highest in CP (78.40%) and lest in GS (71.66%), Fibre content was highest in BL (9.10%) and lest in YP (8.20%) while Ash content was highest in GS (7.37%) and lest in YP (6.42%). Five bacteria species (Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Micrococcus roseus, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis) and two yeast species (Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis) were isolated from the spent mushroom substrates.

Published in	Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology (Volume 5, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.fem.20190502.13
Page(s)	60-69
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Cellulose, Hemicellulose, Lignin, Agro-waste, Pleurotus ostreatus, Inoculated, Mycelia, Mycological

References

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Odonye Enoch Peter, Galleh Raphael Peter, Ishaya Isa Obele, Gabriel Owuna, Makut Makwin Danladi, et al. (2019). Utilization of Some Agro-Wastes for Cultivation of Pluerotus ostreatus (Oyster Mushroom) in Keffi Nigeria. Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology, 5(2), 60-69. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.fem.20190502.13

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Odonye Enoch Peter; Galleh Raphael Peter; Ishaya Isa Obele; Gabriel Owuna; Makut Makwin Danladi, et al. Utilization of Some Agro-Wastes for Cultivation of Pluerotus ostreatus (Oyster Mushroom) in Keffi Nigeria. Front. Environ. Microbiol. 2019, 5(2), 60-69. doi: 10.11648/j.fem.20190502.13

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Odonye Enoch Peter, Galleh Raphael Peter, Ishaya Isa Obele, Gabriel Owuna, Makut Makwin Danladi, et al. Utilization of Some Agro-Wastes for Cultivation of Pluerotus ostreatus (Oyster Mushroom) in Keffi Nigeria. Front Environ Microbiol. 2019;5(2):60-69. doi: 10.11648/j.fem.20190502.13

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@article{10.11648/j.fem.20190502.13,
  author = {Odonye Enoch Peter and Galleh Raphael Peter and Ishaya Isa Obele and Gabriel Owuna and Makut Makwin Danladi and Smart Obiekieze and Ombugadu Akwashiki},
  title = {Utilization of Some Agro-Wastes for Cultivation of Pluerotus ostreatus (Oyster Mushroom) in Keffi Nigeria},
  journal = {Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology},
  volume = {5},
  number = {2},
  pages = {60-69},
  doi = {10.11648/j.fem.20190502.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.fem.20190502.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.fem.20190502.13},
  abstract = {Commercial crop production and many other agro-industrial activities generate large amount of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin. This research is aimed at the utilization of some of these agro-wastes for the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus (Oyster Mushroom) in Keffi area. The agro-wastes (cassava peels (CP), banana leaves (BL), saw dust (SD), yam peels (YP) and groundnut shells (GS) were collected, sorted, shredded, sterilized and inoculated with equal proportions of Pleurotus ostreatus (P. osreatus) for a period of four weeks. Rate of mycelia growth, temperature, mycological identification, nutritional contents of P. osreatus harvested and microbial isolation from the spent mushroom substrates were analyzed. The numbers of days for complete ramification of the substrates by mycelia of P. osreatus were; 18 days for BL and GS, 24 days for CP and YP while 30 days for SD. The room temperature within the period of exposure for fruiting of the ramified substrates ranges between 22°C to 28°C in the morning, 23°C to 30°C in the afternoon and 25°C to 31°C in the evening throughout the period of exposure. The nutritional contents of the Pleurotus ostreatus from the different substrates analysed were, Moisture content was highest in SD (87.05%) and lest in GS (80.71%), Protein content was highest in GS (38.13%) and lowest in BL (16.43%), Lipid content was highest in GS (4.62%) and lest in CP (1.83%), Carbohydrate content was highest in CP (78.40%) and lest in GS (71.66%), Fibre content was highest in BL (9.10%) and lest in YP (8.20%) while Ash content was highest in GS (7.37%) and lest in YP (6.42%). Five bacteria species (Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Micrococcus roseus, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis) and two yeast species (Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis) were isolated from the spent mushroom substrates.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Utilization of Some Agro-Wastes for Cultivation of Pluerotus ostreatus (Oyster Mushroom) in Keffi Nigeria
AU  - Odonye Enoch Peter
AU  - Galleh Raphael Peter
AU  - Ishaya Isa Obele
AU  - Gabriel Owuna
AU  - Makut Makwin Danladi
AU  - Smart Obiekieze
AU  - Ombugadu Akwashiki
Y1  - 2019/07/15
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.fem.20190502.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.fem.20190502.13
T2  - Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology
JO  - Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology
SP  - 60
EP  - 69
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2469-8067
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.fem.20190502.13
AB  - Commercial crop production and many other agro-industrial activities generate large amount of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin. This research is aimed at the utilization of some of these agro-wastes for the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus (Oyster Mushroom) in Keffi area. The agro-wastes (cassava peels (CP), banana leaves (BL), saw dust (SD), yam peels (YP) and groundnut shells (GS) were collected, sorted, shredded, sterilized and inoculated with equal proportions of Pleurotus ostreatus (P. osreatus) for a period of four weeks. Rate of mycelia growth, temperature, mycological identification, nutritional contents of P. osreatus harvested and microbial isolation from the spent mushroom substrates were analyzed. The numbers of days for complete ramification of the substrates by mycelia of P. osreatus were; 18 days for BL and GS, 24 days for CP and YP while 30 days for SD. The room temperature within the period of exposure for fruiting of the ramified substrates ranges between 22°C to 28°C in the morning, 23°C to 30°C in the afternoon and 25°C to 31°C in the evening throughout the period of exposure. The nutritional contents of the Pleurotus ostreatus from the different substrates analysed were, Moisture content was highest in SD (87.05%) and lest in GS (80.71%), Protein content was highest in GS (38.13%) and lowest in BL (16.43%), Lipid content was highest in GS (4.62%) and lest in CP (1.83%), Carbohydrate content was highest in CP (78.40%) and lest in GS (71.66%), Fibre content was highest in BL (9.10%) and lest in YP (8.20%) while Ash content was highest in GS (7.37%) and lest in YP (6.42%). Five bacteria species (Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Micrococcus roseus, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis) and two yeast species (Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis) were isolated from the spent mushroom substrates.
VL  - 5
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Odonye Enoch Peter

Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nigeria
Galleh Raphael Peter

Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nigeria
Ishaya Isa Obele

Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nigeria
Gabriel Owuna

Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nigeria
Makut Makwin Danladi

Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nigeria
Smart Obiekieze

Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nigeria
Ombugadu Akwashiki

Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Federal University Lafia, Nasarawa, Nigeria

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Odonye Enoch Peter, Galleh Raphael Peter, Ishaya Isa Obele, Gabriel Owuna, Makut Makwin Danladi, et al. (2019). Utilization of Some Agro-Wastes for Cultivation of Pluerotus ostreatus (Oyster Mushroom) in Keffi Nigeria. Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology, 5(2), 60-69. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.fem.20190502.13

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Odonye Enoch Peter; Galleh Raphael Peter; Ishaya Isa Obele; Gabriel Owuna; Makut Makwin Danladi, et al. Utilization of Some Agro-Wastes for Cultivation of Pluerotus ostreatus (Oyster Mushroom) in Keffi Nigeria. Front. Environ. Microbiol. 2019, 5(2), 60-69. doi: 10.11648/j.fem.20190502.13

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AMA Style

Odonye Enoch Peter, Galleh Raphael Peter, Ishaya Isa Obele, Gabriel Owuna, Makut Makwin Danladi, et al. Utilization of Some Agro-Wastes for Cultivation of Pluerotus ostreatus (Oyster Mushroom) in Keffi Nigeria. Front Environ Microbiol. 2019;5(2):60-69. doi: 10.11648/j.fem.20190502.13

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@article{10.11648/j.fem.20190502.13,
  author = {Odonye Enoch Peter and Galleh Raphael Peter and Ishaya Isa Obele and Gabriel Owuna and Makut Makwin Danladi and Smart Obiekieze and Ombugadu Akwashiki},
  title = {Utilization of Some Agro-Wastes for Cultivation of Pluerotus ostreatus (Oyster Mushroom) in Keffi Nigeria},
  journal = {Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology},
  volume = {5},
  number = {2},
  pages = {60-69},
  doi = {10.11648/j.fem.20190502.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.fem.20190502.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.fem.20190502.13},
  abstract = {Commercial crop production and many other agro-industrial activities generate large amount of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin. This research is aimed at the utilization of some of these agro-wastes for the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus (Oyster Mushroom) in Keffi area. The agro-wastes (cassava peels (CP), banana leaves (BL), saw dust (SD), yam peels (YP) and groundnut shells (GS) were collected, sorted, shredded, sterilized and inoculated with equal proportions of Pleurotus ostreatus (P. osreatus) for a period of four weeks. Rate of mycelia growth, temperature, mycological identification, nutritional contents of P. osreatus harvested and microbial isolation from the spent mushroom substrates were analyzed. The numbers of days for complete ramification of the substrates by mycelia of P. osreatus were; 18 days for BL and GS, 24 days for CP and YP while 30 days for SD. The room temperature within the period of exposure for fruiting of the ramified substrates ranges between 22°C to 28°C in the morning, 23°C to 30°C in the afternoon and 25°C to 31°C in the evening throughout the period of exposure. The nutritional contents of the Pleurotus ostreatus from the different substrates analysed were, Moisture content was highest in SD (87.05%) and lest in GS (80.71%), Protein content was highest in GS (38.13%) and lowest in BL (16.43%), Lipid content was highest in GS (4.62%) and lest in CP (1.83%), Carbohydrate content was highest in CP (78.40%) and lest in GS (71.66%), Fibre content was highest in BL (9.10%) and lest in YP (8.20%) while Ash content was highest in GS (7.37%) and lest in YP (6.42%). Five bacteria species (Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Micrococcus roseus, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis) and two yeast species (Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis) were isolated from the spent mushroom substrates.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Utilization of Some Agro-Wastes for Cultivation of Pluerotus ostreatus (Oyster Mushroom) in Keffi Nigeria
AU  - Odonye Enoch Peter
AU  - Galleh Raphael Peter
AU  - Ishaya Isa Obele
AU  - Gabriel Owuna
AU  - Makut Makwin Danladi
AU  - Smart Obiekieze
AU  - Ombugadu Akwashiki
Y1  - 2019/07/15
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.fem.20190502.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.fem.20190502.13
T2  - Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology
JO  - Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology
SP  - 60
EP  - 69
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2469-8067
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.fem.20190502.13
AB  - Commercial crop production and many other agro-industrial activities generate large amount of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin. This research is aimed at the utilization of some of these agro-wastes for the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus (Oyster Mushroom) in Keffi area. The agro-wastes (cassava peels (CP), banana leaves (BL), saw dust (SD), yam peels (YP) and groundnut shells (GS) were collected, sorted, shredded, sterilized and inoculated with equal proportions of Pleurotus ostreatus (P. osreatus) for a period of four weeks. Rate of mycelia growth, temperature, mycological identification, nutritional contents of P. osreatus harvested and microbial isolation from the spent mushroom substrates were analyzed. The numbers of days for complete ramification of the substrates by mycelia of P. osreatus were; 18 days for BL and GS, 24 days for CP and YP while 30 days for SD. The room temperature within the period of exposure for fruiting of the ramified substrates ranges between 22°C to 28°C in the morning, 23°C to 30°C in the afternoon and 25°C to 31°C in the evening throughout the period of exposure. The nutritional contents of the Pleurotus ostreatus from the different substrates analysed were, Moisture content was highest in SD (87.05%) and lest in GS (80.71%), Protein content was highest in GS (38.13%) and lowest in BL (16.43%), Lipid content was highest in GS (4.62%) and lest in CP (1.83%), Carbohydrate content was highest in CP (78.40%) and lest in GS (71.66%), Fibre content was highest in BL (9.10%) and lest in YP (8.20%) while Ash content was highest in GS (7.37%) and lest in YP (6.42%). Five bacteria species (Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Micrococcus roseus, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis) and two yeast species (Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis) were isolated from the spent mushroom substrates.
VL  - 5
IS  - 2
ER  -

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