Research Article | | Peer-Reviewed

Diversity of Butterflies (Insecta: Lepidoptera) in Kasur District, Punjab, Pakistan

Received: 29 October 2023     Accepted: 13 November 2023     Published: 24 November 2023
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Abstract

Butterflies are sensitive to temperature, solar radiation, microclimate. They are indications of a thriving ecosystem and healthy surroundings. Beyond their aesthetic appeal, butterflies are crucial pollinators, bio-indicators of climate change, sensitive to changes in ecosystems, and an essential source of data for scientific research in a wide range of biological sciences. Butterflies are the beautiful creatures and need to be conserved. The purpose of the study was to investigate the butterfly diversity in several areas of Pakistan's Punjab Province's Kasur district. This Study was conducted in April to May, 2023 at different localities like Changa Manga Forest, Rana Resort Forest and Pattoki Nurseries of Kasur district. During this survey, 106 butterfly specimens were gathered manually and with the help of an insect net. Five distinct species from four different genera and two separate families (Nymphalidae Pieridae) were found in these specimens. This is the first study to explore the butterfly diversity in district Kasur which indicated that Danaus Chrysippus is present in large in month of April and May. The present study added valuable information on diversity of butterfly fauna and will contribute in developing effective conservation.

Published in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (Volume 8, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.eeb.20230804.12
Page(s) 82-86
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Butterfly Diversity, Kasur, Pattoki and Nymphalidae

References
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[3] Borror DJ, Delong DM, Triplehor CA. Order Lepidoptera. An introduction to the Study of In-sects, New York. 1975:462-534.
[4] Kumar S, Khamashon L, Pandey P, Chaudhary R, Nath P, Awasthi S, Joshi PC. Community Composition and Species Diversity of Butterfly Fauna within Gurukula Kangri Vishwavidyalaya Campus. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies. 2013; 1(6): 66-69.
[5] Khan MI, Ullah H, Suleman S, Khan MA, Muhammad N, Zada S, Hussain S. A review on diversity of butterfly fauna in Pakistan. World Journal of Zoology. 2015; 10(4): 313-317.
[6] Khan MR, Rafi MA, Munir M, Hussain S, Baig MW, Khan MW. Biodiversity of Butterflies from Districts Kotli, Mirpur and Bhimber, Azad Kashmir. Pakistan Journal of Zoology. 2007 Jan 1; 39(1): 27.
[7] Roberts TJ. Butterflies of Pakistan. Oxford University Press, London and New York 2001; 1-200.
[8] Sabir AM, Bhatti AH, Rafi MA, Suhail A. Distribution of Nymphalid butterflies (brush footed) in districts Rawalpindi and Islamabad. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences. 2000; 3(8): 1253-1254.
[9] Munir A, Yasmin N, Rafi MA, Pavulaan H, Wright D. Bionomic studies of Papilio demoleus Linnaeus, the citrus butterfly (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) from lower Sindh, Pakistan. Taxonomic report of the International Lepidoptera survey 2007; 6(8): 1-11.
[10] Abbas M, Rafi MA, Inayatullah M, Pavulaan P. Taxonomy and distribution of butterflies of the Skardu region, Pakistan. Taxonomic Report, the International Lepidoptera Survey (TILS), USA 2002; 3(9): 11-19.
[11] Haroon SA, Ahmad T. Diversity of butterfly fauna of Union Council Koaz Bahram Dheri, Pakistan. J Entomol Zool Stud. 2013; 1(6): 113-117.
[12] Rahman UR, Mahmood K, Arif T. Murree Biodiversity Park-Baseline Report on Entomo fauna. IUCN
[13] Pakistan, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2011. Perveen FK, Haroon. Checklist of butterfly (Insecta: Lepidoptera) fauna of Tehsil Tangi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Arthropods. 2015; 4(4): 98-106.
[14] Perveen F, Ahmad A. Checklist of butterfly fauna of Kohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Arthropods. 2012; 1(3): 112-117.
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[16] Iqbal M, Malik FM, Hussain M, Asharf H, Sarwar KM, Azam I, Umar M. Butterfly diversity; district Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences; 2016; 9(2): 235-243.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Sial, M. A. (2023). Diversity of Butterflies (Insecta: Lepidoptera) in Kasur District, Punjab, Pakistan. Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 8(4), 82-86. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eeb.20230804.12

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    ACS Style

    Sial, M. A. Diversity of Butterflies (Insecta: Lepidoptera) in Kasur District, Punjab, Pakistan. Ecol. Evol. Biol. 2023, 8(4), 82-86. doi: 10.11648/j.eeb.20230804.12

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    AMA Style

    Sial MA. Diversity of Butterflies (Insecta: Lepidoptera) in Kasur District, Punjab, Pakistan. Ecol Evol Biol. 2023;8(4):82-86. doi: 10.11648/j.eeb.20230804.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.eeb.20230804.12,
      author = {Muhammad Amir Sial},
      title = {Diversity of Butterflies (Insecta: Lepidoptera) in Kasur District, Punjab, Pakistan},
      journal = {Ecology and Evolutionary Biology},
      volume = {8},
      number = {4},
      pages = {82-86},
      doi = {10.11648/j.eeb.20230804.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eeb.20230804.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.eeb.20230804.12},
      abstract = {Butterflies are sensitive to temperature, solar radiation, microclimate. They are indications of a thriving ecosystem and healthy surroundings. Beyond their aesthetic appeal, butterflies are crucial pollinators, bio-indicators of climate change, sensitive to changes in ecosystems, and an essential source of data for scientific research in a wide range of biological sciences. Butterflies are the beautiful creatures and need to be conserved. The purpose of the study was to investigate the butterfly diversity in several areas of Pakistan's Punjab Province's Kasur district. This Study was conducted in April to May, 2023 at different localities like Changa Manga Forest, Rana Resort Forest and Pattoki Nurseries of Kasur district. During this survey, 106 butterfly specimens were gathered manually and with the help of an insect net. Five distinct species from four different genera and two separate families (Nymphalidae Pieridae) were found in these specimens. This is the first study to explore the butterfly diversity in district Kasur which indicated that Danaus Chrysippus is present in large in month of April and May. The present study added valuable information on diversity of butterfly fauna and will contribute in developing effective conservation.
    },
     year = {2023}
    }
    

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    AB  - Butterflies are sensitive to temperature, solar radiation, microclimate. They are indications of a thriving ecosystem and healthy surroundings. Beyond their aesthetic appeal, butterflies are crucial pollinators, bio-indicators of climate change, sensitive to changes in ecosystems, and an essential source of data for scientific research in a wide range of biological sciences. Butterflies are the beautiful creatures and need to be conserved. The purpose of the study was to investigate the butterfly diversity in several areas of Pakistan's Punjab Province's Kasur district. This Study was conducted in April to May, 2023 at different localities like Changa Manga Forest, Rana Resort Forest and Pattoki Nurseries of Kasur district. During this survey, 106 butterfly specimens were gathered manually and with the help of an insect net. Five distinct species from four different genera and two separate families (Nymphalidae Pieridae) were found in these specimens. This is the first study to explore the butterfly diversity in district Kasur which indicated that Danaus Chrysippus is present in large in month of April and May. The present study added valuable information on diversity of butterfly fauna and will contribute in developing effective conservation.
    
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Author Information
  • Department of Wildlife and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan

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