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Stroke at University Teaching Hospital of Kara (Togo) in 2022: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Evolving Aspects

Received: 4 May 2023     Accepted: 5 July 2023     Published: 20 July 2023
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Abstract

Introduction: Recent studies on stroke in sub-Saharan Africa have focused on clinical and therapeutic specificities, overlooking their epidemiological aspects. Objective: We conducted this study with the aim of updating the epidemiological, clinical, and evolutionary aspects of strokes at the University Teaching Hospital of Kara (Northern Togo). Patients and Methods: From July 1st to December 31st, 2022, a prospective study was conducted in the Neurology Department of the University Hospital of Kara (Togo) on patients hospitalized for stroke. Results: Stroke accounted for 71.68% of Neurology admissions. Eighty-one patients were included, of which 45 (55.56%) were female. The mean age was 55.04 ± 15.72 years (17-93). Ischemic stroke occurred in 46 patients (56.79%). The main cardiovascular risk factors were personal hypertension (n = 46; 56.79%), familial hypertension (n = 37; 45.68%), dyslipidemia (n = 24; 29.63%), and smoking (n = 18; 22.22%). The main symptoms were motor deficit (n = 55; 67.90%), unusual headaches (n = 28; 34.57%), language disorders (n = 27; 33.33%), and altered consciousness (n = 25; 38.86%). The onset was sudden in 79.01% of cases (n = 64). The mean GCS was 13.74 ± 2.55 in patients with ischemic stroke and 11.00 ± 4.27 in those with hemorrhagic stroke, with p = 0.003. Eight patients (13.11%) had a GCS below 7; and among them, 87.50% (n = 7) had a hemorrhagic stroke (p = 0.008). Motor deficit was observed in 71 out of the 74 evaluated patients (95.95%). Among patients who had a NIHS scale ≥ 15 (n = 43), 51.16% (n = 22) had hemorrhagic stroke, with no significant differences according to the type of stroke (p = 0.124; RR = 1.38; 95% CI: [0.92 - 2.06]). Middle cerebral artery (MCA) was involved in 87.5% of cases of ischemic stroke. Isolated involvement of the infratentorial region was found in 9 patients, of which 6 (66.67%) were hemorrhagic. The mean ICH score of patients with hemorrhagic stroke was 2.06 ± 1.37 ([0 – 5]). The mortality rate was 23.46% (n = 19), with 40.00% in hemorrhagic stroke versus 10.87% in ischemic stroke (p = 0.002; RR = 3.68; 95% CI: [1.46-9.25]). Patients with ischemic stroke had a heavier physical disability at discharge from the hospital. Conclusion: The results of this study can serve as a basis to guide public health policies and the management of stroke patients in this region.

Published in Clinical Neurology and Neuroscience (Volume 7, Issue 2)
DOI 10.11648/j.cnn.20230702.13
Page(s) 38-45
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Stroke, University Teaching Hospital, Kara, Togo, Sub-Saharan Africa

References
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    Agba Lehleng, Tcherou Tchaa, Djalogue Lihanimpo, Talabewi Abide, Anayo Nyinevi, et al. (2023). Stroke at University Teaching Hospital of Kara (Togo) in 2022: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Evolving Aspects. Clinical Neurology and Neuroscience, 7(2), 38-45. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cnn.20230702.13

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    Agba Lehleng; Tcherou Tchaa; Djalogue Lihanimpo; Talabewi Abide; Anayo Nyinevi, et al. Stroke at University Teaching Hospital of Kara (Togo) in 2022: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Evolving Aspects. Clin. Neurol. Neurosci. 2023, 7(2), 38-45. doi: 10.11648/j.cnn.20230702.13

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    AMA Style

    Agba Lehleng, Tcherou Tchaa, Djalogue Lihanimpo, Talabewi Abide, Anayo Nyinevi, et al. Stroke at University Teaching Hospital of Kara (Togo) in 2022: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Evolving Aspects. Clin Neurol Neurosci. 2023;7(2):38-45. doi: 10.11648/j.cnn.20230702.13

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  • @article{10.11648/j.cnn.20230702.13,
      author = {Agba Lehleng and Tcherou Tchaa and Djalogue Lihanimpo and Talabewi Abide and Anayo Nyinevi and Dagbe Massaga and Kumako Vinyo and Kombate Damelan and Assogba Komi and Balogou Agnon Ayelola},
      title = {Stroke at University Teaching Hospital of Kara (Togo) in 2022: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Evolving Aspects},
      journal = {Clinical Neurology and Neuroscience},
      volume = {7},
      number = {2},
      pages = {38-45},
      doi = {10.11648/j.cnn.20230702.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cnn.20230702.13},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cnn.20230702.13},
      abstract = {Introduction: Recent studies on stroke in sub-Saharan Africa have focused on clinical and therapeutic specificities, overlooking their epidemiological aspects. Objective: We conducted this study with the aim of updating the epidemiological, clinical, and evolutionary aspects of strokes at the University Teaching Hospital of Kara (Northern Togo). Patients and Methods: From July 1st to December 31st, 2022, a prospective study was conducted in the Neurology Department of the University Hospital of Kara (Togo) on patients hospitalized for stroke. Results: Stroke accounted for 71.68% of Neurology admissions. Eighty-one patients were included, of which 45 (55.56%) were female. The mean age was 55.04 ± 15.72 years (17-93). Ischemic stroke occurred in 46 patients (56.79%). The main cardiovascular risk factors were personal hypertension (n = 46; 56.79%), familial hypertension (n = 37; 45.68%), dyslipidemia (n = 24; 29.63%), and smoking (n = 18; 22.22%). The main symptoms were motor deficit (n = 55; 67.90%), unusual headaches (n = 28; 34.57%), language disorders (n = 27; 33.33%), and altered consciousness (n = 25; 38.86%). The onset was sudden in 79.01% of cases (n = 64). The mean GCS was 13.74 ± 2.55 in patients with ischemic stroke and 11.00 ± 4.27 in those with hemorrhagic stroke, with p = 0.003. Eight patients (13.11%) had a GCS below 7; and among them, 87.50% (n = 7) had a hemorrhagic stroke (p = 0.008). Motor deficit was observed in 71 out of the 74 evaluated patients (95.95%). Among patients who had a NIHS scale ≥ 15 (n = 43), 51.16% (n = 22) had hemorrhagic stroke, with no significant differences according to the type of stroke (p = 0.124; RR = 1.38; 95% CI: [0.92 - 2.06]). Middle cerebral artery (MCA) was involved in 87.5% of cases of ischemic stroke. Isolated involvement of the infratentorial region was found in 9 patients, of which 6 (66.67%) were hemorrhagic. The mean ICH score of patients with hemorrhagic stroke was 2.06 ± 1.37 ([0 – 5]). The mortality rate was 23.46% (n = 19), with 40.00% in hemorrhagic stroke versus 10.87% in ischemic stroke (p = 0.002; RR = 3.68; 95% CI: [1.46-9.25]). Patients with ischemic stroke had a heavier physical disability at discharge from the hospital. Conclusion: The results of this study can serve as a basis to guide public health policies and the management of stroke patients in this region.},
     year = {2023}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Stroke at University Teaching Hospital of Kara (Togo) in 2022: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Evolving Aspects
    AU  - Agba Lehleng
    AU  - Tcherou Tchaa
    AU  - Djalogue Lihanimpo
    AU  - Talabewi Abide
    AU  - Anayo Nyinevi
    AU  - Dagbe Massaga
    AU  - Kumako Vinyo
    AU  - Kombate Damelan
    AU  - Assogba Komi
    AU  - Balogou Agnon Ayelola
    Y1  - 2023/07/20
    PY  - 2023
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cnn.20230702.13
    DO  - 10.11648/j.cnn.20230702.13
    T2  - Clinical Neurology and Neuroscience
    JF  - Clinical Neurology and Neuroscience
    JO  - Clinical Neurology and Neuroscience
    SP  - 38
    EP  - 45
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2578-8930
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cnn.20230702.13
    AB  - Introduction: Recent studies on stroke in sub-Saharan Africa have focused on clinical and therapeutic specificities, overlooking their epidemiological aspects. Objective: We conducted this study with the aim of updating the epidemiological, clinical, and evolutionary aspects of strokes at the University Teaching Hospital of Kara (Northern Togo). Patients and Methods: From July 1st to December 31st, 2022, a prospective study was conducted in the Neurology Department of the University Hospital of Kara (Togo) on patients hospitalized for stroke. Results: Stroke accounted for 71.68% of Neurology admissions. Eighty-one patients were included, of which 45 (55.56%) were female. The mean age was 55.04 ± 15.72 years (17-93). Ischemic stroke occurred in 46 patients (56.79%). The main cardiovascular risk factors were personal hypertension (n = 46; 56.79%), familial hypertension (n = 37; 45.68%), dyslipidemia (n = 24; 29.63%), and smoking (n = 18; 22.22%). The main symptoms were motor deficit (n = 55; 67.90%), unusual headaches (n = 28; 34.57%), language disorders (n = 27; 33.33%), and altered consciousness (n = 25; 38.86%). The onset was sudden in 79.01% of cases (n = 64). The mean GCS was 13.74 ± 2.55 in patients with ischemic stroke and 11.00 ± 4.27 in those with hemorrhagic stroke, with p = 0.003. Eight patients (13.11%) had a GCS below 7; and among them, 87.50% (n = 7) had a hemorrhagic stroke (p = 0.008). Motor deficit was observed in 71 out of the 74 evaluated patients (95.95%). Among patients who had a NIHS scale ≥ 15 (n = 43), 51.16% (n = 22) had hemorrhagic stroke, with no significant differences according to the type of stroke (p = 0.124; RR = 1.38; 95% CI: [0.92 - 2.06]). Middle cerebral artery (MCA) was involved in 87.5% of cases of ischemic stroke. Isolated involvement of the infratentorial region was found in 9 patients, of which 6 (66.67%) were hemorrhagic. The mean ICH score of patients with hemorrhagic stroke was 2.06 ± 1.37 ([0 – 5]). The mortality rate was 23.46% (n = 19), with 40.00% in hemorrhagic stroke versus 10.87% in ischemic stroke (p = 0.002; RR = 3.68; 95% CI: [1.46-9.25]). Patients with ischemic stroke had a heavier physical disability at discharge from the hospital. Conclusion: The results of this study can serve as a basis to guide public health policies and the management of stroke patients in this region.
    VL  - 7
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Neurology Department, University of Kara, Kara, Togo

  • Cardiology Department, University of Kara, Kara, Togo

  • Internal Medicine Department, University of Kara, Kara, Togo

  • Neurology Department, University of Lome, Lome, Togo

  • Neurology Department, University of Lome, Lome, Togo

  • Radiology Department, University of Kara, Kara, Togo

  • Neurology Department, University of Kara, Kara, Togo

  • Neurology Department, University of Kara, Kara, Togo

  • Neurology Department, University of Lome, Lome, Togo

  • Neurology Department, University of Lome, Lome, Togo

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