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Management, Utilization and Chemical Analysis of the Available Crop Residue Feed Sources in the Case of South Tigray, Ethiopia

Received: 12 December 2023     Accepted: 3 January 2024     Published: 23 January 2024
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Abstract

A study was conducted to assess the available crop residue feed sources, and its’ management, utilization and chemical analysis in southern zone of Tigray, Ethiopia. A survey of 109 representative sample households (hh) was carried out properly. Structured questionnaires, field observations, and group discussions were used to gather data from sampled households. Moreover, chemical composition and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) of crop residue was determined. The majority of the respondents indicated that there is no enough crop residue availability in the area which indicates scarcity of enough crop residue mainly associated with drought. The types of crop residue available in the study location were: maize stock, teff straw, sorghum straw, barley straw, wheat straw, pea straw, bean and lentil straw. But the major were; sorghum straw, maize stock and teff straw in terms of production. Majority of the farmer were ranked teff straw as most preferable feed resource followed by barely and sorghum for their cattle feeding. This is associated with smoothness, palatability, best for milk and suitability. The crop residue treatment practices mentioned were chopping/soaking (27%), chopping/threshing (16%) and urea treatment (7.34%) while the rest 40.37% do not practice crop residue treatment mainly because of lack of awareness. Majority of the respondents store the crop residue and the ways of storage were stacked outside (54.13%), stacked under shade (16.51%), and baled under shade (29.36%). Salt, local beverage, by product (Atela) and fodder were the mentioned supplements feed resources. Salt was reported as sole supplemental feed resource by majority of respondents (55.05%). The major constraints of crop residue mentioned were termite and mould, hence proper storage is crucial to avoid feed loss. Teff and wheat straw crop residue crude protein content were ranged from 7.90 to 4.79%, respectively. The highest invitro dry matter digestibility was noted in maize straw while the lowest was in sorghum. Moreover, awareness should be given to farmers on means of storage, treatment and processing of crop residues to improve shelf life and nutritive values of the crop residues.

Published in Animal and Veterinary Sciences (Volume 12, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.avs.20241201.14
Page(s) 31-36
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Barely Straw, Crop Residue, Feed, Ethiopia, Teff Straw

References
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[2] Adugna T, 2007. Feed resources for producing export quality meat and livestock in Ethiopia (Examples from selected Woredas in Oromia and SNNP regional states.
[3] Adugna T, 2012. Potential for Development of Alternative Feed Resources in Ethiopia. An Assessment Report prepared for ACDI/VOCA. Addis Ababa Ethiopia. pp20.
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[6] Alemayehu M, 2006. Pasture and Forage Resource profiles of Ethiopia. pp 19. Ethiopia/FAO. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
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[8] Dawit A, Ajebu N, Sandip B. 2013. Assessment of feed resource availability and livestock production constraints in selected Kebeles of Adami Tullu Jiddo Kombolcha District, Ethiopia. African Journal of Agricultural Research. Vol. 8(29), pp. 4067-4073.
[9] Devendra, C. 1991. Technologies currently used for the improvement of straw utilization in ruminant feeding systems in Asia. In: Proceedings of the NRI/MARDI Workshop on the Utilization of Straw in Ruminant Production Systems, 7-11 October 1991, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute, Kuala Lumpur, pp. 1-8.
[10] Dirriba G, Mekonen H, Ashenafi M, Adugna T. 2013. Herbage yield, species diversity and Quality of Native grazing land vegetation under Sub humid climatic conditions of Western Ethiopia. E3 Journal of Agricultural Research and Development Vol. 2(4). Pp. 096-100.
[11] Gurmessa K, Tolemariam T, Tolera A, Beyene F, Demeke S. 2015. Feed resources and livestock production situation in the Highland and Mid altitude areas of Horro and Guduru district of Oromia regional state, western Ethiopia. Sci Technol Arts Res J 4(3): 111-116.
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[16] Seyoum B, Getinet A, Abate T, Dereje F. 2001. Present status and future direction of feed resources and nutrition research targeted for wheat-based crop livestock production system in Ethiopia. In: Wall PC (ed) Wheat and weed: food and feed. Proceedings of two-stakeholder workshop on improving the productivity of crop livestock production in wheat-based farming system in Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, pp 207-226.
[17] Singh, G. and Oosting, S, 1992. A model for describing the energy value of straws. Indian dairyman.
[18] Solomon B, Solomon M, Alemu Y. 2008. Potential use of crop residues as livestock feed resources under smallholder farmers’ conditions in bale highlands of Ethiopia. Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems, Vol. 8, num. 1, 2008, pp. 107-114.
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[21] Tsiege yohannes H. 1998. The nutritive value of Tef straw and its response to chemical treatment with alkali. Short communication. SINET Ethiop. J. sci., 21(1): 145-151, 1998.
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    Edea, C., Taye, S., Hailemariam, A., Taye, A., Asallefew, E., et al. (2024). Management, Utilization and Chemical Analysis of the Available Crop Residue Feed Sources in the Case of South Tigray, Ethiopia. Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 12(1), 31-36. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20241201.14

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    ACS Style

    Edea, C.; Taye, S.; Hailemariam, A.; Taye, A.; Asallefew, E., et al. Management, Utilization and Chemical Analysis of the Available Crop Residue Feed Sources in the Case of South Tigray, Ethiopia. Anim. Vet. Sci. 2024, 12(1), 31-36. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20241201.14

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    AMA Style

    Edea C, Taye S, Hailemariam A, Taye A, Asallefew E, et al. Management, Utilization and Chemical Analysis of the Available Crop Residue Feed Sources in the Case of South Tigray, Ethiopia. Anim Vet Sci. 2024;12(1):31-36. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20241201.14

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  • @article{10.11648/j.avs.20241201.14,
      author = {Chala Edea and Shambel Taye and Atsbaha Hailemariam and Angesom Taye and Efrem Asallefew and Haftom Miglas},
      title = {Management, Utilization and Chemical Analysis of the Available Crop Residue Feed Sources in the Case of South Tigray, Ethiopia},
      journal = {Animal and Veterinary Sciences},
      volume = {12},
      number = {1},
      pages = {31-36},
      doi = {10.11648/j.avs.20241201.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20241201.14},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.avs.20241201.14},
      abstract = {A study was conducted to assess the available crop residue feed sources, and its’ management, utilization and chemical analysis in southern zone of Tigray, Ethiopia. A survey of 109 representative sample households (hh) was carried out properly. Structured questionnaires, field observations, and group discussions were used to gather data from sampled households. Moreover, chemical composition and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) of crop residue was determined. The majority of the respondents indicated that there is no enough crop residue availability in the area which indicates scarcity of enough crop residue mainly associated with drought. The types of crop residue available in the study location were: maize stock, teff straw, sorghum straw, barley straw, wheat straw, pea straw, bean and lentil straw. But the major were; sorghum straw, maize stock and teff straw in terms of production. Majority of the farmer were ranked teff straw as most preferable feed resource followed by barely and sorghum for their cattle feeding. This is associated with smoothness, palatability, best for milk and suitability. The crop residue treatment practices mentioned were chopping/soaking (27%), chopping/threshing (16%) and urea treatment (7.34%) while the rest 40.37% do not practice crop residue treatment mainly because of lack of awareness. Majority of the respondents store the crop residue and the ways of storage were stacked outside (54.13%), stacked under shade (16.51%), and baled under shade (29.36%). Salt, local beverage, by product (Atela) and fodder were the mentioned supplements feed resources. Salt was reported as sole supplemental feed resource by majority of respondents (55.05%). The major constraints of crop residue mentioned were termite and mould, hence proper storage is crucial to avoid feed loss. Teff and wheat straw crop residue crude protein content were ranged from 7.90 to 4.79%, respectively. The highest invitro dry matter digestibility was noted in maize straw while the lowest was in sorghum. Moreover, awareness should be given to farmers on means of storage, treatment and processing of crop residues to improve shelf life and nutritive values of the crop residues.
    },
     year = {2024}
    }
    

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    T1  - Management, Utilization and Chemical Analysis of the Available Crop Residue Feed Sources in the Case of South Tigray, Ethiopia
    AU  - Chala Edea
    AU  - Shambel Taye
    AU  - Atsbaha Hailemariam
    AU  - Angesom Taye
    AU  - Efrem Asallefew
    AU  - Haftom Miglas
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    JF  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
    JO  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
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    EP  - 36
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2328-5850
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20241201.14
    AB  - A study was conducted to assess the available crop residue feed sources, and its’ management, utilization and chemical analysis in southern zone of Tigray, Ethiopia. A survey of 109 representative sample households (hh) was carried out properly. Structured questionnaires, field observations, and group discussions were used to gather data from sampled households. Moreover, chemical composition and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) of crop residue was determined. The majority of the respondents indicated that there is no enough crop residue availability in the area which indicates scarcity of enough crop residue mainly associated with drought. The types of crop residue available in the study location were: maize stock, teff straw, sorghum straw, barley straw, wheat straw, pea straw, bean and lentil straw. But the major were; sorghum straw, maize stock and teff straw in terms of production. Majority of the farmer were ranked teff straw as most preferable feed resource followed by barely and sorghum for their cattle feeding. This is associated with smoothness, palatability, best for milk and suitability. The crop residue treatment practices mentioned were chopping/soaking (27%), chopping/threshing (16%) and urea treatment (7.34%) while the rest 40.37% do not practice crop residue treatment mainly because of lack of awareness. Majority of the respondents store the crop residue and the ways of storage were stacked outside (54.13%), stacked under shade (16.51%), and baled under shade (29.36%). Salt, local beverage, by product (Atela) and fodder were the mentioned supplements feed resources. Salt was reported as sole supplemental feed resource by majority of respondents (55.05%). The major constraints of crop residue mentioned were termite and mould, hence proper storage is crucial to avoid feed loss. Teff and wheat straw crop residue crude protein content were ranged from 7.90 to 4.79%, respectively. The highest invitro dry matter digestibility was noted in maize straw while the lowest was in sorghum. Moreover, awareness should be given to farmers on means of storage, treatment and processing of crop residues to improve shelf life and nutritive values of the crop residues.
    
    VL  - 12
    IS  - 1
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Author Information
  • Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center, Bishoftu, Ethiopia

  • Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center, Bishoftu, Ethiopia

  • Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center, Bishoftu, Ethiopia

  • Mehoni Agricultural Research Center, Maichew, Ethiopia

  • Mehoni Agricultural Research Center, Maichew, Ethiopia

  • Mehoni Agricultural Research Center, Maichew, Ethiopia

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