| Peer-Reviewed

The Incidence of Puerperal Metritis in Postpartum Holstein Friesian Dairy Cows

Received: 25 August 2021     Accepted: 10 September 2021     Published: 16 September 2021
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

Puerperal metritis affects dairy cows during the early postpartum (p.p.) period and causes fever, decrease in milk yield, dehydration, reduced rumen fill and activity, and a fetid watery reddish-brown vaginal discharge. The disease is severe and treatment is often required. The objectives of this study were: 1) to evaluate the association among abnormal calving (AC), parity, and season on the incidence of puerperal metritis (PM) during first 14 days p.p.; 2) to describe the rectal temperature (RT) of cows before and offer diagnosis of PM, and 3) to describe associations among PM, and reproductive performance in Holstein Friesian dairy cows. This study Holstein Friesian dairy cows. This study followed a retrospective observational study design in a research dairy herd, after implementation of a health protocol to identify lactating, cows with pp metritis. Cows were classified as cows with normal calving (NC) or abnormal calving (AC), as having PM or not having PM, and according RT at diagnosis: cows with PM without fever, cows with PM and fever and cows without PM. Cows with AC had greater odds of PM than cows with NC. Primiparous cows that calved during the warm season had lower adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of PM than during the cool season. Multiparous cows did not have seasonal effects on PM. There were not detected differences in first – service conception risk or cumulative pregnancy risk by 150 days p.p. between cows with or without PM. In the study the health protocol to identify cows with PM may have resulted in earlier diagnosis and treatment of cows with PM.

Published in Animal and Veterinary Sciences (Volume 9, Issue 5)
DOI 10.11648/j.avs.20210905.11
Page(s) 128-133
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Puerperal Metritis, Rectal Temperature, Health Protocol, Dairy Cows

References
[1] Fourichon, C., H. Seegers and X. Malher, 2000. Effect of disease on reproduction in the dairy cows: A meta–analysis. Theriogenology 53: 1729-1759.
[2] Benzaquen, M. E., C. A. Risco, L. F. Archbald, M-J. Thatcher and W. W. Thatcher, 2006. Rectal temperature, Calving– Related Factors ant the incidence of Puerperal Metritis in Postpartum Dairy Cows.
[3] Olson J. D., K. N. Bretzloff, R. G. Mortimer, and L. Ball, 1986. The metritis pyometra complex. Pages 227-236 in Current Therapy in Theriogenology 2: Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention of Reproductive performance in Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 66: 612-619.
[4] Lewis G. S. 1997. Uterine health and disorders. J. Dairy Sci. 80: 984-994.
[5] Sheldon I. M., G. S. Lewis, S. Leblanc, and R. O. Gilbert, 2006. Defining postpartum uterine disease in cattle. Theriogenology 65: 1516-1530.
[6] Sheldon I. M., G. S. Lewis, 2004. Postpartum uterine health in cattle. Anim. Reprod. Sci. 82: 295-306.
[7] Upham G. L. 1996. A practitioner’s approach to management of metritis/endometritis: Early detection and supportive treatment. Proc. 29th Anim. Conv. Am. Assoc. Bovine. Pract. San Diego. Ca Frontier Printers inc. Stillwater, OK.
[8] Schuenemann G. M., 2016. Protocol: Identifying Lactating Dairy Cows with metritis. https://vet.osu.edu/sites/vet.osu.edu./files/documents.
[9] Leon R. L. 2002. Invited review: Cytokine regulation of fever: studies using gene knockout mice. J. Appl. Physiol. 92: 2648-2655.
[10] Steiner A. A., S. Schakravarty, A. Y. Rudaya, M. Herkenham, and A. A. Romanovsky, 2006. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide fever is initiated via Toll-like receptor 4 on hematopoietic cells. Blood 107: 4000-4002.
[11] Mackowiak P. A., J. G. Bartlett, E. C. Borden, S. E. Goldblum, J. D. Hasday, R. S. Munford, S. A. Nasraway, P. D. Stolley, and T. E. Woodward, 1997. Concept of fever: Recent advances and lingering dogma. Clin. Infect. Dis. 25: 119-138.
[12] Kristula, M., B. I. Smith, and A. Simeone. 2001. The use of daily postpartum rectal temperature to select dairy cows for treatment with systemic antibiotics. Bovine Pract. 35: 117-125.
[13] J. R. Pursley, M. O. Mee, M. C. Wiltbank, 1995, Synchronization of ovulation in dairy cows using PGF2α and GnRH, Theriogenology, Volume 44, Issue 7, Pages 915-923.
[14] Miller R. F., Svejcar T. J., West N. E., 1994, Implication of livestock grazing in the intermountain sage brush region: plant composition, Ecological implication of herbivory in the west, pp 101-146., ref. 298.
[15] M. E. Benzaquen, C. A. Risco, L. F. Archbald, P. Melendez, M.-J. Thatcher, W. W. Thatcher, 2007, Rectal temperature, calving-related factors, and the incidence of puerperal metritis in postpartum dairy cows, Journal of Dairy Science, Volume 90, Issue 6, Pages 2804-2814.
[16] Markusfeld O., 1984. Factors responsible for postparturient metritis in dairy cattle. Vet. Rec. 114: 539-542.
[17] Smith B. I., G. A. Donovan, C. A. Risco, R. Littell, C. Young, L. H. Stanker, and J. Elliot, 1998. Comparison of various antibiotic treatment for cows diagnosed with toxic puerperal metritis. J. Dairy Sci. 81: 1555-1562.
[18] Rebhun, W. C.; Guard, C.; Richards, C. M., 1995, Diseases of dairy cattle, agris.fao.org, Publisher: Williams and Wilkins. ISBN: 06-830-71939.
[19] Sheldon I. M., A. N. Rycroft, and C. Zhan, 2004. Association between postpartum pyrexia and uterine bacterial infection in dairy cattle. Vet. Rec. 154: 289-293.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Gavan Constantin, Riza Mihaela. (2021). The Incidence of Puerperal Metritis in Postpartum Holstein Friesian Dairy Cows. Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 9(5), 128-133. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20210905.11

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Gavan Constantin; Riza Mihaela. The Incidence of Puerperal Metritis in Postpartum Holstein Friesian Dairy Cows. Anim. Vet. Sci. 2021, 9(5), 128-133. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20210905.11

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Gavan Constantin, Riza Mihaela. The Incidence of Puerperal Metritis in Postpartum Holstein Friesian Dairy Cows. Anim Vet Sci. 2021;9(5):128-133. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20210905.11

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.avs.20210905.11,
      author = {Gavan Constantin and Riza Mihaela},
      title = {The Incidence of Puerperal Metritis in Postpartum Holstein Friesian Dairy Cows},
      journal = {Animal and Veterinary Sciences},
      volume = {9},
      number = {5},
      pages = {128-133},
      doi = {10.11648/j.avs.20210905.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20210905.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.avs.20210905.11},
      abstract = {Puerperal metritis affects dairy cows during the early postpartum (p.p.) period and causes fever, decrease in milk yield, dehydration, reduced rumen fill and activity, and a fetid watery reddish-brown vaginal discharge. The disease is severe and treatment is often required. The objectives of this study were: 1) to evaluate the association among abnormal calving (AC), parity, and season on the incidence of puerperal metritis (PM) during first 14 days p.p.; 2) to describe the rectal temperature (RT) of cows before and offer diagnosis of PM, and 3) to describe associations among PM, and reproductive performance in Holstein Friesian dairy cows. This study Holstein Friesian dairy cows. This study followed a retrospective observational study design in a research dairy herd, after implementation of a health protocol to identify lactating, cows with pp metritis. Cows were classified as cows with normal calving (NC) or abnormal calving (AC), as having PM or not having PM, and according RT at diagnosis: cows with PM without fever, cows with PM and fever and cows without PM. Cows with AC had greater odds of PM than cows with NC. Primiparous cows that calved during the warm season had lower adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of PM than during the cool season. Multiparous cows did not have seasonal effects on PM. There were not detected differences in first – service conception risk or cumulative pregnancy risk by 150 days p.p. between cows with or without PM. In the study the health protocol to identify cows with PM may have resulted in earlier diagnosis and treatment of cows with PM.},
     year = {2021}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - The Incidence of Puerperal Metritis in Postpartum Holstein Friesian Dairy Cows
    AU  - Gavan Constantin
    AU  - Riza Mihaela
    Y1  - 2021/09/16
    PY  - 2021
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20210905.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.avs.20210905.11
    T2  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
    JF  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
    JO  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
    SP  - 128
    EP  - 133
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2328-5850
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20210905.11
    AB  - Puerperal metritis affects dairy cows during the early postpartum (p.p.) period and causes fever, decrease in milk yield, dehydration, reduced rumen fill and activity, and a fetid watery reddish-brown vaginal discharge. The disease is severe and treatment is often required. The objectives of this study were: 1) to evaluate the association among abnormal calving (AC), parity, and season on the incidence of puerperal metritis (PM) during first 14 days p.p.; 2) to describe the rectal temperature (RT) of cows before and offer diagnosis of PM, and 3) to describe associations among PM, and reproductive performance in Holstein Friesian dairy cows. This study Holstein Friesian dairy cows. This study followed a retrospective observational study design in a research dairy herd, after implementation of a health protocol to identify lactating, cows with pp metritis. Cows were classified as cows with normal calving (NC) or abnormal calving (AC), as having PM or not having PM, and according RT at diagnosis: cows with PM without fever, cows with PM and fever and cows without PM. Cows with AC had greater odds of PM than cows with NC. Primiparous cows that calved during the warm season had lower adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of PM than during the cool season. Multiparous cows did not have seasonal effects on PM. There were not detected differences in first – service conception risk or cumulative pregnancy risk by 150 days p.p. between cows with or without PM. In the study the health protocol to identify cows with PM may have resulted in earlier diagnosis and treatment of cows with PM.
    VL  - 9
    IS  - 5
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Agriculture Research and Development Station ?imnic, Craiova, Romania

  • Agriculture Research and Development Station ?imnic, Craiova, Romania

  • Sections