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Potential of Water Extracts from Reticulitermes Flavipes on Control of Solenopsis Gayi

Received: 4 September 2018     Accepted: 11 October 2018     Published: 15 March 2019
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Abstract

Five nests each of Reticulitermes flavipes Kollar (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) and Solenopsis gayi Spinola (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) were collected in sites distanced at least 1 km in the Metropolitan Region, Santiago, Chile, to study the modification of hermeticism conducts of termites exposed to ant specimens on transparent plastic arenas lined with filter paper sprayed or bathed with a water extract of the termite, obtained by setting 20 of them on test tubes that were frozen, added acetone, and stirred in a vortex mixer. Finally the termites were eliminated and the acetone evaporated with gaseous nitrogen. Then, the extracts were dissolved in H2O. A control group was used per nest. The behavior of S. gayi receiving R. flavipes treated or untreated was observed during 6 min, registering antennal exploration (AE), mandible opening (MO), biting (BI), abdomen flexed dorsally or ventrally (AFD and AFV, respectively), fighting (FI), backward movement (BM), transport of intruder (TI), and death (DE). The behavior of R. flavipes receiving treated or untreated termites was also observed during 6 min, registering the approach to the intruder and brief pursuit by one or more termites (API), mandible opening (MO), and biting (BI). The transference of ants treated to their original nests increased the frequency of recognition events (AE and MO), as well as BI, which occurred earlier, compared with control groups. In contrast, when treated ants were transferred to receiving termites, a decreased frequency and a delayed appearance occurred in API and MO. Intruder death (DE) did not occur in both transference bioassays. In summary, S. gayi treated were recognized as intruders and rejected by the ants of their nests. In contrast, the recipient R. flavipes termites recognized the extract-treated ants as members of their nests.

Published in Animal and Veterinary Sciences (Volume 6, Issue 6)
DOI 10.11648/j.avs.20180606.12
Page(s) 102-106
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Behavior Parameters, Epicuticle Extract, Fire Ant, Hermetism, Subterranean Termite

References
[1] Porras, G. 2001. Hermetismo de hormigas sobre termitas. Memoria Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile. 102 p.
[2] Hölldobler, B., and Wilson, E. O. 2000. The ants. The Belknap Press, Harvard University. Cambridge, US. 732 p.
[3] Quinet, Y., Tekule, N., and De Biseau, J. C. 2005. Behavioural interactions between Crematogaster brevispinosa rochai Forel (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and two Nasutitermes species (Isoptera: Termitidae). Journal of Insect Behavior 18 (1): 1-17.
[4] Chouvenc, T., Mullins, A. J., Su, N. Y. 2015. Territorial status-quo between the big-headed ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and the Formosan subterranean termite (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae). Florida Entomologist 98 (1):157-161.
[5] Ipinza-Regla, J., Figueroa, G., and Moreno, I. 1984. Iridomyrmex humilis (Formicidae) y su papel como posible vector de contaminación microbiana en industria de alimentos. Folia Entomológica Mexicana 62: 111-124.
[6] Ipinza-Regla, J., Maack, A., and Morales M. A. 2013. Closure of Solenopsis gayi (Spinola, 1851) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) against Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar, 1837) (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) in artificial nests. Acta Entomológica Chilena 33 (1-2): 23-30.
[7] Ipinza-Regla, J., and Morales, M. A. 1998. Hermetismo en laboratorio y condiciones naturales para Camponotus morosus Smith, 1858 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Gayana Zoología 62 (2): 177-181.
[8] van Wilgenburg, E., Felden, A., Choe, D. H., Sulc, R., Luo, J., Shea, K. J. Elgar, M. A. N. D. Tsutsui, N. D. 2012. Learning and discrimination of cuticular hydrocarbons in a social insect. Biology Letters 8 (1):17-20.
[9] van Sweden, J. S., D’Ettorre, P. 2010. Nestmate recognition in social insects and the role of hydrocarbons. Insect hydrocarbons: biology.
[10] Nowbahari, E., Scohier, A., J Durand, J. L., Hollis, K. L. 2009. Ants, Cataglyphis cursor, use precisely directed rescue behavior to free entrapped relatives. PLoS One 4 (8): e6573
[11] Fernández, C. 2006. Evaluación de los extractos acuosos de Camponotus chilensis Spinola, 1858 como posible control de termitas subterráneas: Reticulitermes hesperus Banks, 1920. Memoria Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile. 78 p.
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    Joaquín Ipinza-Regla, Alejandra Olivares, Jaime Eduardo Araya. (2019). Potential of Water Extracts from Reticulitermes Flavipes on Control of Solenopsis Gayi. Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 6(6), 102-106. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20180606.12

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    ACS Style

    Joaquín Ipinza-Regla; Alejandra Olivares; Jaime Eduardo Araya. Potential of Water Extracts from Reticulitermes Flavipes on Control of Solenopsis Gayi. Anim. Vet. Sci. 2019, 6(6), 102-106. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20180606.12

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    AMA Style

    Joaquín Ipinza-Regla, Alejandra Olivares, Jaime Eduardo Araya. Potential of Water Extracts from Reticulitermes Flavipes on Control of Solenopsis Gayi. Anim Vet Sci. 2019;6(6):102-106. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20180606.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.avs.20180606.12,
      author = {Joaquín Ipinza-Regla and Alejandra Olivares and Jaime Eduardo Araya},
      title = {Potential of Water Extracts from Reticulitermes Flavipes on Control of Solenopsis Gayi},
      journal = {Animal and Veterinary Sciences},
      volume = {6},
      number = {6},
      pages = {102-106},
      doi = {10.11648/j.avs.20180606.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20180606.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.avs.20180606.12},
      abstract = {Five nests each of Reticulitermes flavipes Kollar (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) and Solenopsis gayi Spinola (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) were collected in sites distanced at least 1 km in the Metropolitan Region, Santiago, Chile, to study the modification of hermeticism conducts of termites exposed to ant specimens on transparent plastic arenas lined with filter paper sprayed or bathed with a water extract of the termite, obtained by setting 20 of them on test tubes that were frozen, added acetone, and stirred in a vortex mixer. Finally the termites were eliminated and the acetone evaporated with gaseous nitrogen. Then, the extracts were dissolved in H2O. A control group was used per nest. The behavior of S. gayi receiving R. flavipes treated or untreated was observed during 6 min, registering antennal exploration (AE), mandible opening (MO), biting (BI), abdomen flexed dorsally or ventrally (AFD and AFV, respectively), fighting (FI), backward movement (BM), transport of intruder (TI), and death (DE). The behavior of R. flavipes receiving treated or untreated termites was also observed during 6 min, registering the approach to the intruder and brief pursuit by one or more termites (API), mandible opening (MO), and biting (BI). The transference of ants treated to their original nests increased the frequency of recognition events (AE and MO), as well as BI, which occurred earlier, compared with control groups. In contrast, when treated ants were transferred to receiving termites, a decreased frequency and a delayed appearance occurred in API and MO. Intruder death (DE) did not occur in both transference bioassays. In summary, S. gayi treated were recognized as intruders and rejected by the ants of their nests. In contrast, the recipient R. flavipes termites recognized the extract-treated ants as members of their nests.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Potential of Water Extracts from Reticulitermes Flavipes on Control of Solenopsis Gayi
    AU  - Joaquín Ipinza-Regla
    AU  - Alejandra Olivares
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    AB  - Five nests each of Reticulitermes flavipes Kollar (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) and Solenopsis gayi Spinola (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) were collected in sites distanced at least 1 km in the Metropolitan Region, Santiago, Chile, to study the modification of hermeticism conducts of termites exposed to ant specimens on transparent plastic arenas lined with filter paper sprayed or bathed with a water extract of the termite, obtained by setting 20 of them on test tubes that were frozen, added acetone, and stirred in a vortex mixer. Finally the termites were eliminated and the acetone evaporated with gaseous nitrogen. Then, the extracts were dissolved in H2O. A control group was used per nest. The behavior of S. gayi receiving R. flavipes treated or untreated was observed during 6 min, registering antennal exploration (AE), mandible opening (MO), biting (BI), abdomen flexed dorsally or ventrally (AFD and AFV, respectively), fighting (FI), backward movement (BM), transport of intruder (TI), and death (DE). The behavior of R. flavipes receiving treated or untreated termites was also observed during 6 min, registering the approach to the intruder and brief pursuit by one or more termites (API), mandible opening (MO), and biting (BI). The transference of ants treated to their original nests increased the frequency of recognition events (AE and MO), as well as BI, which occurred earlier, compared with control groups. In contrast, when treated ants were transferred to receiving termites, a decreased frequency and a delayed appearance occurred in API and MO. Intruder death (DE) did not occur in both transference bioassays. In summary, S. gayi treated were recognized as intruders and rejected by the ants of their nests. In contrast, the recipient R. flavipes termites recognized the extract-treated ants as members of their nests.
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Author Information
  • Laboratory of Zoology and Ethology, College of Science, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile

  • Laboratory of Zoology and Ethology, College of Science, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile

  • College of Agronomic Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile

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