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Intra-Abdominal Laparoscopic Vasectomy by Electrocauterization in Free Range Rhesus Macaques (Macaca Mulatta)

Received: 9 September 2013     Published: 30 October 2013
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Abstract

The aim of present study was to evaluate intra-abdominal laparoscopic technique in free range male rhesus macaque in terms of rapidity and specificity of the technique . Two hundred twenty free range rhesus macaques were captured by cage trapping method. Anesthesia was achieved using xylazine @2mg/kg and ketamine @ 10mg/kg body weight intramuscularly. One midline and two lateral pre-umblical surgical ports were created. A telescope was inserted through midline port while cutting and grasping forceps were inserted through the lateral ports. About 3-4cm long fragment of vas deferens was removed by cutting and cauterization, using atraumatic thermo-cautery forceps and a scissors connected to an electrocautery unit. The induction time, duration of anaesthesia and recovery time was 2.10 ± 0.20 min, 72 ±0.28 min and 38±0.12 min respectively. Surgical time for laparoscopic vasectomy was found to be 2±0.32 min. The method was found to be simple, easy and faster method of vasectomy in the male rhesus macaques.

Published in Animal and Veterinary Sciences (Volume 1, Issue 5)
DOI 10.11648/j.avs.20130105.13
Page(s) 42-45
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2013. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Laparoscopic Vasectomy, Pneumoperitoneum, Vas Deferens, Rhesus Macaques (Macaca Mulatta)

References
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[2] Chariar VM, Shirodkar DN, Khare Y. Minimally invasive technique cuts costs in veterinary surgery.J.Mini Access Surg 2005 April- June.
[3] Dutta A, Maiti S K, Parameswaran A, Kumar N: Evaluation of different laproscopic sterilization techniques in a canine birth control program. Turk J Vet Ani Sc. (2010); 34: 393-402.
[4] Hendrickson DA. History and instrumentation of laparoscopic surgery. Vet Clin N Am-Equine. (2000) ; 16:233-250.
[5] Herron MA, Herron M R. Vasectomy in the cat. Mod Vet Pract. (1972) ; 53: 41-43.
[6] Knecht C D. An alternate approach for castration of the dog. Vet Med Small Ani Clini. (1976) ; 71: 469-473.
[7] Mahalingam AN, Kumar SK, Maiti AK, Sharma UD, Kataria M. Laparoscopic sterilization vs. open method sterilization in dogs: a comparison of two techniques Turk J Vet Ani Sc. (2009) ; 33: 427-436.
[8] Naccarato, EF, William SH. Anaesthetic effects of various ratios of ketamine and xylazine in rhesus macaques ( Macaca mulatta). Lab Ani. (1979) ; 13 : 317-319.
[9] Shyu J J, Liu PC. Castration of male dogs using laparoscopic electro-coagulation. J Chin Soc Vet Sci. (1998) ; 24: 169-178.
[10] Silva LD, Onclin K, Donnay I, Verstegen JP : Laproscopic vasectomy in the male dog. J Rep. and Fert. Suppl. (1993) ; 47: 399-401.
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[12] Wildt DE, Lawler DF. Laparoscopic sterilization of the bitch and queen by uterine horn occlusion. Am J Vet Res. (1985) : 46: 864-869.
[13] Wildt DE, Seager CH, Bridges. Sterilization of male dog and cat by laparoscopic occlusion of S.W.J. the ductus deferens. Am J Vet Res. (1981) ; 42: 1888-1897.
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  • APA Style

    Vijay Kumar, Vipin Kumar. (2013). Intra-Abdominal Laparoscopic Vasectomy by Electrocauterization in Free Range Rhesus Macaques (Macaca Mulatta). Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 1(5), 42-45. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20130105.13

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    ACS Style

    Vijay Kumar; Vipin Kumar. Intra-Abdominal Laparoscopic Vasectomy by Electrocauterization in Free Range Rhesus Macaques (Macaca Mulatta). Anim. Vet. Sci. 2013, 1(5), 42-45. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20130105.13

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    AMA Style

    Vijay Kumar, Vipin Kumar. Intra-Abdominal Laparoscopic Vasectomy by Electrocauterization in Free Range Rhesus Macaques (Macaca Mulatta). Anim Vet Sci. 2013;1(5):42-45. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20130105.13

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  • @article{10.11648/j.avs.20130105.13,
      author = {Vijay Kumar and Vipin Kumar},
      title = {Intra-Abdominal Laparoscopic Vasectomy by Electrocauterization in Free Range Rhesus Macaques (Macaca Mulatta)},
      journal = {Animal and Veterinary Sciences},
      volume = {1},
      number = {5},
      pages = {42-45},
      doi = {10.11648/j.avs.20130105.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20130105.13},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.avs.20130105.13},
      abstract = {The aim of present study was to evaluate intra-abdominal laparoscopic technique in free range male rhesus macaque in terms of rapidity and specificity of the technique . Two hundred twenty free range rhesus macaques were captured by cage trapping method. Anesthesia was achieved using xylazine @2mg/kg and ketamine @ 10mg/kg body weight intramuscularly. One midline and two lateral pre-umblical surgical ports were created. A telescope was inserted through midline port while cutting and grasping forceps were inserted through the lateral ports. About 3-4cm long fragment of vas deferens was removed by cutting and cauterization, using atraumatic thermo-cautery forceps and a scissors connected to an electrocautery unit. The induction time, duration of anaesthesia and recovery time was 2.10 ± 0.20 min, 72 ±0.28 min and 38±0.12 min respectively. Surgical time for laparoscopic vasectomy was found to be 2±0.32 min. The method was found to be simple, easy and faster method of vasectomy in the male rhesus macaques.},
     year = {2013}
    }
    

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    T1  - Intra-Abdominal Laparoscopic Vasectomy by Electrocauterization in Free Range Rhesus Macaques (Macaca Mulatta)
    AU  - Vijay Kumar
    AU  - Vipin Kumar
    Y1  - 2013/10/30
    PY  - 2013
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20130105.13
    DO  - 10.11648/j.avs.20130105.13
    T2  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
    JF  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
    JO  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
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    PB  - Science Publishing Group
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    AB  - The aim of present study was to evaluate intra-abdominal laparoscopic technique in free range male rhesus macaque in terms of rapidity and specificity of the technique . Two hundred twenty free range rhesus macaques were captured by cage trapping method. Anesthesia was achieved using xylazine @2mg/kg and ketamine @ 10mg/kg body weight intramuscularly. One midline and two lateral pre-umblical surgical ports were created. A telescope was inserted through midline port while cutting and grasping forceps were inserted through the lateral ports. About 3-4cm long fragment of vas deferens was removed by cutting and cauterization, using atraumatic thermo-cautery forceps and a scissors connected to an electrocautery unit. The induction time, duration of anaesthesia and recovery time was 2.10 ± 0.20 min, 72 ±0.28 min and 38±0.12 min respectively. Surgical time for laparoscopic vasectomy was found to be 2±0.32 min. The method was found to be simple, easy and faster method of vasectomy in the male rhesus macaques.
    VL  - 1
    IS  - 5
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Veterinary Officer, Monkey Sterilization centre, Gopalpur - Zoo, Palampur, Distt – Kangra, H.P, India

  • Veterinary Officer, Monkey Sterilization centre, Saster Distt- Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, India

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