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Road Network Analysis for Ambulance Transportation Service Using Geographical Information System (GIS): A Case of Arada Sub-City, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Received: 27 November 2020     Accepted: 10 December 2020     Published: 31 December 2020
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Abstract

Optimum utilization of time after an accident which is golden hour serves as a measure of effectiveness of ambulance service management system to reduce the loss of life and property. This paper presents a case study on Arada sub-city which is the oldest of all sub-cities located in the central part of the capital Addis Ababa with 11.56 Km2 area wide. Its population, which is around 212,009, is highly dense and its spread of population density is about 18340 people per Km2. In the study area, the existing road network condition is not developing in line with the population growth. Accordingly, at time of disaster, the responsiveness rate of efficient ambulance transportation services to the right target area is low and unsatisfactory to level of customer’s satisfaction. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to conduct road network analysis in Geographic Information System (GIS) environment for the betterment of ambulance transportation service in the sub city. A detail GIS database of the road network, ambulance location, accident locations and hospitals was prepared using Arc GIS software with the extension of network analyst. In this study, one ambulance station, three accident locations and six hospitals were used to compute 1, 2 & 4 minutes service area and best route analyses. The impedance value 1, 2 & 4 minute corresponds to very urgent, moderate urgent and low urgent service areas respectively. In very urgent service area domain about 33% of health centres are found whereas in moderate and low urgent service area domains about 65% and 100% of health centers are found respectively. This implies that, the current option increases health center service area domains by 34% from the existing approach. Besides, the selected sample best routes of ambulance transportation service are computed in terms of travelling time in minutes and its fuel consumption in litters. Accordingly, the estimated travelling time of the selected sample best route is about 870/30482.20 and 1138.5/3772.16 minutes/ birrs annually. This implies that, the proposed study decreases a total travelling duration and cost by 268.5/723.96 minutes/ birr from the existing one. As a result, GIS-based ambulance transportation service proto type model was developed.

Published in American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering (Volume 5, Issue 6)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajtte.20200506.11
Page(s) 65-77
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Ambulance, GIS, Impedance, Network Analyst

References
[1] B. Ganeshkumar, D. (2010). Emergency Response Managment and Information System a GIS based software to resolve the emergency recovery challenges in Madurai city, Tamil Nadu. International Journal of Geomatics and Geoscinces volume 1, No 1, 2010, 1-11.
[2] World Health Organization Fact Sheet, (2011). Road Traffic Injury.
[3] Moore. D, (2002). GIS in Emergency Planning, a spatial analysis of ambulance services.
[4] Addis Ababa city road authority section. (2004/2006). Addis Ababa urban transport study (AAUTS). Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
[5] Addis Ababa city CSA. (2007). Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Central Statistical Agency, statistical abstract. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
[6] Addis Ababa City Administration Master Plan Study Section. (2004). newly formed sub city and kebeles under the new structure of Addis Ababa City. Unpublished material. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
[7] Mauricio, p. S. (2003). Geographic information System and Intelligent Transportation Systems: Technologies used to form new communication networks.
[8] Mass et al. (1998). Incident Management and Intelligent Transportation Systems Technology: Estimating benefits for Northern verginia, the intelligent transportation society of America: USA.
[9] Arada sub city command post section. (2011/2012). Ambulance transportation service follows up standardized document and annual report. Unpublished material. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
[10] Moses Santhakumar, S. s. (1998). Proceedings on Advanced computer Applications in transportation Engineering and planning, Regional Engineering College, Tiruchirappalli.
[11] Lo, C. P., Albert K. W. Yeung. (2002). Concepts and Techniques of Geographic Information Systems. New Jersey: Prentice Hall-Hall, Inc. 212-216.
[12] Godchild, M. (1998). Geographic Information Systems and Disaggregate Transportation Modeling Geographical Systems. Pp. 19-44.
[13] Imtiyaz, Pasha. (2006). Ambulance management System using GIS. Sweeden: Linkoping University.
[14] ASC crime & traffic accident investigation office. (2007-2011). Arada Sub city traffic accident statistical report. Unpublished source. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
[15] ESRI. (1996). ArcView Network Analyst, Optimum Routing, Closest Facility and service Area Analysis. Environmental Systems Research institute, INC: USA.
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  • APA Style

    Mikir Kassaw, Bedasa Asefa. (2020). Road Network Analysis for Ambulance Transportation Service Using Geographical Information System (GIS): A Case of Arada Sub-City, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 5(6), 65-77. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20200506.11

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    ACS Style

    Mikir Kassaw; Bedasa Asefa. Road Network Analysis for Ambulance Transportation Service Using Geographical Information System (GIS): A Case of Arada Sub-City, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Am. J. Traffic Transp. Eng. 2020, 5(6), 65-77. doi: 10.11648/j.ajtte.20200506.11

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    AMA Style

    Mikir Kassaw, Bedasa Asefa. Road Network Analysis for Ambulance Transportation Service Using Geographical Information System (GIS): A Case of Arada Sub-City, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Am J Traffic Transp Eng. 2020;5(6):65-77. doi: 10.11648/j.ajtte.20200506.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajtte.20200506.11,
      author = {Mikir Kassaw and Bedasa Asefa},
      title = {Road Network Analysis for Ambulance Transportation Service Using Geographical Information System (GIS): A Case of Arada Sub-City, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia},
      journal = {American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering},
      volume = {5},
      number = {6},
      pages = {65-77},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajtte.20200506.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20200506.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajtte.20200506.11},
      abstract = {Optimum utilization of time after an accident which is golden hour serves as a measure of effectiveness of ambulance service management system to reduce the loss of life and property. This paper presents a case study on Arada sub-city which is the oldest of all sub-cities located in the central part of the capital Addis Ababa with 11.56 Km2 area wide. Its population, which is around 212,009, is highly dense and its spread of population density is about 18340 people per Km2. In the study area, the existing road network condition is not developing in line with the population growth. Accordingly, at time of disaster, the responsiveness rate of efficient ambulance transportation services to the right target area is low and unsatisfactory to level of customer’s satisfaction. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to conduct road network analysis in Geographic Information System (GIS) environment for the betterment of ambulance transportation service in the sub city. A detail GIS database of the road network, ambulance location, accident locations and hospitals was prepared using Arc GIS software with the extension of network analyst. In this study, one ambulance station, three accident locations and six hospitals were used to compute 1, 2 & 4 minutes service area and best route analyses. The impedance value 1, 2 & 4 minute corresponds to very urgent, moderate urgent and low urgent service areas respectively. In very urgent service area domain about 33% of health centres are found whereas in moderate and low urgent service area domains about 65% and 100% of health centers are found respectively. This implies that, the current option increases health center service area domains by 34% from the existing approach. Besides, the selected sample best routes of ambulance transportation service are computed in terms of travelling time in minutes and its fuel consumption in litters. Accordingly, the estimated travelling time of the selected sample best route is about 870/30482.20 and 1138.5/3772.16 minutes/ birrs annually. This implies that, the proposed study decreases a total travelling duration and cost by 268.5/723.96 minutes/ birr from the existing one. As a result, GIS-based ambulance transportation service proto type model was developed.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Road Network Analysis for Ambulance Transportation Service Using Geographical Information System (GIS): A Case of Arada Sub-City, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    AU  - Mikir Kassaw
    AU  - Bedasa Asefa
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    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajtte.20200506.11
    T2  - American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
    JF  - American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
    JO  - American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
    SP  - 65
    EP  - 77
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2578-8604
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20200506.11
    AB  - Optimum utilization of time after an accident which is golden hour serves as a measure of effectiveness of ambulance service management system to reduce the loss of life and property. This paper presents a case study on Arada sub-city which is the oldest of all sub-cities located in the central part of the capital Addis Ababa with 11.56 Km2 area wide. Its population, which is around 212,009, is highly dense and its spread of population density is about 18340 people per Km2. In the study area, the existing road network condition is not developing in line with the population growth. Accordingly, at time of disaster, the responsiveness rate of efficient ambulance transportation services to the right target area is low and unsatisfactory to level of customer’s satisfaction. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to conduct road network analysis in Geographic Information System (GIS) environment for the betterment of ambulance transportation service in the sub city. A detail GIS database of the road network, ambulance location, accident locations and hospitals was prepared using Arc GIS software with the extension of network analyst. In this study, one ambulance station, three accident locations and six hospitals were used to compute 1, 2 & 4 minutes service area and best route analyses. The impedance value 1, 2 & 4 minute corresponds to very urgent, moderate urgent and low urgent service areas respectively. In very urgent service area domain about 33% of health centres are found whereas in moderate and low urgent service area domains about 65% and 100% of health centers are found respectively. This implies that, the current option increases health center service area domains by 34% from the existing approach. Besides, the selected sample best routes of ambulance transportation service are computed in terms of travelling time in minutes and its fuel consumption in litters. Accordingly, the estimated travelling time of the selected sample best route is about 870/30482.20 and 1138.5/3772.16 minutes/ birrs annually. This implies that, the proposed study decreases a total travelling duration and cost by 268.5/723.96 minutes/ birr from the existing one. As a result, GIS-based ambulance transportation service proto type model was developed.
    VL  - 5
    IS  - 6
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Surveying Engineering, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia

  • Department of Surveying Engineering, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia

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