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The Link Between Emotional and Psychological Distress with Myofascial Pain Syndrome

Received: 4 November 2019     Accepted: 25 November 2019     Published: 2 December 2019
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Abstract

Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is a common soft tissue disorder estimated to affect more than three-fourths of the general American population at least once during their lifetime. In this day of age, depression is remarkably the leading cause of disability affecting the mind and the emotional state of health. Depression is a serious mental state affecting more than 300 million people worldwide. Depression is said to be associated with chronic myofascial pain due to its dual neuronal connection, both believed to have been influenced by serotonin and nor-epinephrine. As a result, treatment goals should not be directed on the emotional symptoms alone but emphasis should be laid on the physical symptoms as well. Primary healthcare providers should emphasize the intensity and extent of physical symptoms associated with soft tissue disorders. A depressive mood disorder is more often than not associated with physical pain, as is the case with a number of patients presenting at primary care. These patients seek treatment for physical symptoms alone, making depression even harder to diagnose. Depressive mood and physical pain are closely interlinked with each other. Medical intervention with antidepressants that act as both serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors in correcting chemical imbalances are indicated for alleviating physical symptoms in depressed individuals.

Published in American Journal of Sports Science (Volume 7, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajss.20190704.18
Page(s) 177-181
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Myofascial Pain Syndrome, Depression, Neurotransmitters, Emotional Distress, Psychological Distress

References
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[2] Andrew Lalchhuanawma, “Myofascial Pain Syndrome: Physical Activity, Nutrition and Health.” American Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, vol. 7, no. 1 2019: 20-22.
[3] Andrea L. Nicol, Matthew Crooks, Eric S. Hsu, F. Michael Ferrante. Chapter 25 - Myofascial Pain Syndrome. Essentials of Pain Medicine (Fourth Edition). Elsevier Inc., 2018, Pages 207-212.
[4] Ge HY, Fernandez-de-Las-Penas C, Arendt-Nielsen L. “Sympathetic facilitation of hyperalgesia evoked from myofascial tender and trigger points in patients with unilateral shoulder pain.” Clinical Neurophysiology, 2006; 117: 1545-50.
[5] Yap EC. Annals Academy of Medicine. “Myofascial Pain – An Overview.” Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore, 2007; 36: 43-8.
[6] Harvey Moldofsky. “Sleep and pain.” Sleep Medicine Reviews, Vol. 5, No. 5, pp 387–398, 2001.
[7] Munoz-Munoz S, Munoz-Garcia MT, Alburquerque- Sendin F, Arroyo-Morales M, Fernandez-de-las-Penas C. “Myofascial trigger points, pain, disability and sleep quality in individuals with mechanical neck pain.” Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics. 2012; 35 (8): 608-13.
[8] Madhukar H. Trivedi. “The link between Depression and Physical Symptoms.” The Primary Care Companion to the Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 2004; 6 (suppl 1): 12–16.
[9] World Health Organisation. 2018, Depression, https://www.who.int/news-room/fact sheets/detail/depression.
[10] Ohayon MM, Schatzberg AF. “Using pain to predict depressive morbidity in the general population.” Archives of General Psychiatry, 2003; 60: 39–47.
[11] Fishbain DA. “The association of chronic pain and suicide.” Seminars in Clinical Neuropsychiatry, 1999; 4: 221–227.
[12] Simon GE, Von Korff M, Piccinelli M, et al. “An international study of the relation between somatic symptoms and depression.” The New England Journal of Medicine, 1999; 341: 658–659.
[13] Okumus, M., Ceceli, E., Tuncay, F., Kocaoglu, S., Palulu, N. and Yorgancioglu, Z. R, “The relationship between serum trace elements, vitamin B12, folic acid and clinical parameters in patients with myofascial pain syndrome.” Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, 23 (4), 187-191, Nov. 2010.
[14] Kroenke K, Spitzer RL and Williams JB. “Physical symptoms in primary care: predictors of psychiatric disorders and functional impairment.” Archives of Family Medicine, 1994; 3: 774–779.
[15] Basbaum AI and Fields HL. “Endogenous pain control mechanisms: review hypothesis.” Annals of Neurology, 1978; 4: 451–462.
[16] What causes depression? – Harvard Health. https://www.health.harvard.edu/mind-and-mood/what-causes-depression.
[17] Barbara Cagnie, Vincent Dewitte, Tom Barbe, Frank Timmermans, Nicolas Delrue and Mira Meeus. “Physiologic Effects of Dry Needling.” Current Pain and Headache Reports, 2013; 17: 348.
[18] Yvette I. Sheline, Milan Sanghavi, Mark A. Mintun and Mokhtar H. Gado. “Depression Duration But Not Age Predicts Hippocampal Volume Loss in Medically Healthy Women with Recurrent Major Depression.” Journal of Neuroscience, 15 June 1999; 19 (12) 5034-5043.
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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Andrew Lalchhuanawma, Divya Sanghi. (2019). The Link Between Emotional and Psychological Distress with Myofascial Pain Syndrome. American Journal of Sports Science, 7(4), 177-181. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajss.20190704.18

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    ACS Style

    Andrew Lalchhuanawma; Divya Sanghi. The Link Between Emotional and Psychological Distress with Myofascial Pain Syndrome. Am. J. Sports Sci. 2019, 7(4), 177-181. doi: 10.11648/j.ajss.20190704.18

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    AMA Style

    Andrew Lalchhuanawma, Divya Sanghi. The Link Between Emotional and Psychological Distress with Myofascial Pain Syndrome. Am J Sports Sci. 2019;7(4):177-181. doi: 10.11648/j.ajss.20190704.18

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajss.20190704.18,
      author = {Andrew Lalchhuanawma and Divya Sanghi},
      title = {The Link Between Emotional and Psychological Distress with Myofascial Pain Syndrome},
      journal = {American Journal of Sports Science},
      volume = {7},
      number = {4},
      pages = {177-181},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajss.20190704.18},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajss.20190704.18},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajss.20190704.18},
      abstract = {Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is a common soft tissue disorder estimated to affect more than three-fourths of the general American population at least once during their lifetime. In this day of age, depression is remarkably the leading cause of disability affecting the mind and the emotional state of health. Depression is a serious mental state affecting more than 300 million people worldwide. Depression is said to be associated with chronic myofascial pain due to its dual neuronal connection, both believed to have been influenced by serotonin and nor-epinephrine. As a result, treatment goals should not be directed on the emotional symptoms alone but emphasis should be laid on the physical symptoms as well. Primary healthcare providers should emphasize the intensity and extent of physical symptoms associated with soft tissue disorders. A depressive mood disorder is more often than not associated with physical pain, as is the case with a number of patients presenting at primary care. These patients seek treatment for physical symptoms alone, making depression even harder to diagnose. Depressive mood and physical pain are closely interlinked with each other. Medical intervention with antidepressants that act as both serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors in correcting chemical imbalances are indicated for alleviating physical symptoms in depressed individuals.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

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    JF  - American Journal of Sports Science
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    AB  - Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is a common soft tissue disorder estimated to affect more than three-fourths of the general American population at least once during their lifetime. In this day of age, depression is remarkably the leading cause of disability affecting the mind and the emotional state of health. Depression is a serious mental state affecting more than 300 million people worldwide. Depression is said to be associated with chronic myofascial pain due to its dual neuronal connection, both believed to have been influenced by serotonin and nor-epinephrine. As a result, treatment goals should not be directed on the emotional symptoms alone but emphasis should be laid on the physical symptoms as well. Primary healthcare providers should emphasize the intensity and extent of physical symptoms associated with soft tissue disorders. A depressive mood disorder is more often than not associated with physical pain, as is the case with a number of patients presenting at primary care. These patients seek treatment for physical symptoms alone, making depression even harder to diagnose. Depressive mood and physical pain are closely interlinked with each other. Medical intervention with antidepressants that act as both serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors in correcting chemical imbalances are indicated for alleviating physical symptoms in depressed individuals.
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Author Information
  • Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Manav Rachna International Institute of Research & Studies, Faridabad, India

  • Faculty of Applied Sciences, Manav Rachna International Institute of Research & Studies, Faridabad, India

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