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Risk Factor Associated with Retinopathy of Prematurity in Denpasar Tertiary Hospital

Received: 12 September 2022     Accepted: 8 October 2022     Published: 18 October 2022
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Abstract

Introduction: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is an eye condition that affects the blood vessels of the retina in preterm infants. For the majority of children, retinopathy of prematurity occurs in a mild to moderate form and spontaneously regresses; however, more severe types of ROP can result in blindness in one or both eyes. Retinopathy of prematurity is often correlated with preterm delivery, however the risk for its emergence is a result of the interacting effects of other variables. This study seeks to identify the risk factors for ROP in neonates treated at the Prof. DR. I. G. N. G. Ngoerah Hospital in Denpasar, Bali. Material and methods: This study was retrospective study with design of case control study that conducted from Januari 2020 until January 2022. Samples of this study is neonates born prematurely undergone screening for ROP at Prof. DR. I. G. N. G. Ngoerah Hopital during study period. Results: The total sample of the study was 60 subjects, consisting of 30 subjects with ROP and 30 subjects without ROP. Multivariate analysis with logistic regression shows that gestational age < 32 weeks (OR 29.14; 95% CI 2.87 – 295.80), length of oxygen supplementation  14 days (OR 9.83; 95% CI 1.53 – 63.03), and severe infection (OR 12.17; 95% CI 1.05 – 141.69) was statistically significant for the occurrence of retinopathy of prematurity. Conclusion: The evaluation of risk factors that impacted the development of active ROP indicated statistically significant effects for gestational age, severe infection, and oxygen treatment duration. In order to avoid childhood blindness, timely screening and appropriate treatment are crucial.

Published in American Journal of Pediatrics (Volume 8, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajp.20220804.14
Page(s) 213-217
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Retinopathy of Prematurity, Risk Factor, Neonate

References
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[2] Halimic JA, Zvizdic D, Halilovic, Dodik Irena, Duvnjak S. Risk Factor for Retinopathy in Premature born Children. Med Arch. 2018; 69 (6): 409-13.
[3] Subramanian KNS. Retinopathy of Prematurity in Pediatrics: Cardiac Disease and Critical Care Medicine. 2021.
[4] Dani Carlo, Coviello Caterina, Panin F, Frosini S, Costa S, Purcaro V, Lepore D, Vento G. Incidence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity in Italian cohort of preterm infants. Italian Journal of Pediatrics. 2021: 47: 64; 1-6.
[5] Tan Wei, Li Bingyan, Wang Zicong, Zou Jingling, Jia Yang, Yoshida S, Zhou Yedi. Novel Potential Biomarkers for Retinopathy of Prematurity. Front. Pediatr. 2022; 9: 1-10.
[6] Wang J, Ju Rong, Chen Y, Zhang Lei, Hu Junjie, Wu Yu, Dong Wentao, Zhong Jie, Yi Zang. Automated retinopathy of prematurity screening using deep neural networks. EBio Medicine. 2018: 35; 361-68.
[7] Freitas A. M, Morschbacher R, Thorell M, Rhoden E. L. Incidence and risk factor for retinopathy of prematurity: a retrospective cohort study. Int J Retin Vitr. 2018: 4; 20: 1-8.
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[9] Wang X, Tang K, Chen L, Cheng S, Xu H. Association between sepsis and retinopathy of prematurity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2019; 9: 1-9.
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[13] Fleck BW, McIntosh N. Pathogenesis of retinopathy of prematurity and possible preventive strategies [review]. Early Hum Dev 2008; 84 (2): 83–8.
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    Dewa Ayu Angga Rainingsih, Made Sukmawati, I Made Kardana, I Wayan Dharma Artana, Putu Junara Putra, et al. (2022). Risk Factor Associated with Retinopathy of Prematurity in Denpasar Tertiary Hospital. American Journal of Pediatrics, 8(4), 213-217. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajp.20220804.14

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    ACS Style

    Dewa Ayu Angga Rainingsih; Made Sukmawati; I Made Kardana; I Wayan Dharma Artana; Putu Junara Putra, et al. Risk Factor Associated with Retinopathy of Prematurity in Denpasar Tertiary Hospital. Am. J. Pediatr. 2022, 8(4), 213-217. doi: 10.11648/j.ajp.20220804.14

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    AMA Style

    Dewa Ayu Angga Rainingsih, Made Sukmawati, I Made Kardana, I Wayan Dharma Artana, Putu Junara Putra, et al. Risk Factor Associated with Retinopathy of Prematurity in Denpasar Tertiary Hospital. Am J Pediatr. 2022;8(4):213-217. doi: 10.11648/j.ajp.20220804.14

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajp.20220804.14,
      author = {Dewa Ayu Angga Rainingsih and Made Sukmawati and I Made Kardana and I Wayan Dharma Artana and Putu Junara Putra and Putu Mas Vina Paramitha Cempaka},
      title = {Risk Factor Associated with Retinopathy of Prematurity in Denpasar Tertiary Hospital},
      journal = {American Journal of Pediatrics},
      volume = {8},
      number = {4},
      pages = {213-217},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajp.20220804.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajp.20220804.14},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajp.20220804.14},
      abstract = {Introduction: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is an eye condition that affects the blood vessels of the retina in preterm infants. For the majority of children, retinopathy of prematurity occurs in a mild to moderate form and spontaneously regresses; however, more severe types of ROP can result in blindness in one or both eyes. Retinopathy of prematurity is often correlated with preterm delivery, however the risk for its emergence is a result of the interacting effects of other variables. This study seeks to identify the risk factors for ROP in neonates treated at the Prof. DR. I. G. N. G. Ngoerah Hospital in Denpasar, Bali. Material and methods: This study was retrospective study with design of case control study that conducted from Januari 2020 until January 2022. Samples of this study is neonates born prematurely undergone screening for ROP at Prof. DR. I. G. N. G. Ngoerah Hopital during study period. Results: The total sample of the study was 60 subjects, consisting of 30 subjects with ROP and 30 subjects without ROP. Multivariate analysis with logistic regression shows that gestational age Conclusion: The evaluation of risk factors that impacted the development of active ROP indicated statistically significant effects for gestational age, severe infection, and oxygen treatment duration. In order to avoid childhood blindness, timely screening and appropriate treatment are crucial.},
     year = {2022}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Risk Factor Associated with Retinopathy of Prematurity in Denpasar Tertiary Hospital
    AU  - Dewa Ayu Angga Rainingsih
    AU  - Made Sukmawati
    AU  - I Made Kardana
    AU  - I Wayan Dharma Artana
    AU  - Putu Junara Putra
    AU  - Putu Mas Vina Paramitha Cempaka
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    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajp.20220804.14
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajp.20220804.14
    T2  - American Journal of Pediatrics
    JF  - American Journal of Pediatrics
    JO  - American Journal of Pediatrics
    SP  - 213
    EP  - 217
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2472-0909
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajp.20220804.14
    AB  - Introduction: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is an eye condition that affects the blood vessels of the retina in preterm infants. For the majority of children, retinopathy of prematurity occurs in a mild to moderate form and spontaneously regresses; however, more severe types of ROP can result in blindness in one or both eyes. Retinopathy of prematurity is often correlated with preterm delivery, however the risk for its emergence is a result of the interacting effects of other variables. This study seeks to identify the risk factors for ROP in neonates treated at the Prof. DR. I. G. N. G. Ngoerah Hospital in Denpasar, Bali. Material and methods: This study was retrospective study with design of case control study that conducted from Januari 2020 until January 2022. Samples of this study is neonates born prematurely undergone screening for ROP at Prof. DR. I. G. N. G. Ngoerah Hopital during study period. Results: The total sample of the study was 60 subjects, consisting of 30 subjects with ROP and 30 subjects without ROP. Multivariate analysis with logistic regression shows that gestational age Conclusion: The evaluation of risk factors that impacted the development of active ROP indicated statistically significant effects for gestational age, severe infection, and oxygen treatment duration. In order to avoid childhood blindness, timely screening and appropriate treatment are crucial.
    VL  - 8
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Author Information
  • Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine Udayana University, Prof. Dr. I Goesti Ngoerah Gde Ngoerah Hospital, Denpasar, Indonesia

  • Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine Udayana University, Prof. Dr. I Goesti Ngoerah Gde Ngoerah Hospital, Denpasar, Indonesia

  • Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine Udayana University, Prof. Dr. I Goesti Ngoerah Gde Ngoerah Hospital, Denpasar, Indonesia

  • Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine Udayana University, Prof. Dr. I Goesti Ngoerah Gde Ngoerah Hospital, Denpasar, Indonesia

  • Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine Udayana University, Prof. Dr. I Goesti Ngoerah Gde Ngoerah Hospital, Denpasar, Indonesia

  • Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine Udayana University, Prof. Dr. I Goesti Ngoerah Gde Ngoerah Hospital, Denpasar, Indonesia

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