A Retrospective View of Post Renal Transplant Urinary Tract Infections: An Experience of A UK Transplant Centre

Allan Karim Odoch; Shruthi Katam; Pooja Bobbiti; Mirab Singh; Mahlet Alemayehu Mechessa; Alidjanov Xodjiakbar Kashipovich; Tochukwu Anthony Akwue; Nnamdi Cletus Opara; Tseganesh Mekonnen Hailemariam; Jeyasundar Dhevanbu

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajim.20241204.12

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| Peer-Reviewed

A Retrospective View of Post Renal Transplant Urinary Tract Infections: An Experience of A UK Transplant Centre

Allan Karim Odoch

, Shruthi Katam

, Pooja Bobbiti

, Mirab Singh

, Mahlet Alemayehu Mechessa

, Alidjanov Xodjiakbar Kashipovich

, Tochukwu Anthony Akwue

, Nnamdi Cletus Opara

, Tseganesh Mekonnen Hailemariam

, Jeyasundar Dhevanbu^*

Published in American Journal of Internal Medicine (Volume 12, Issue 4)

Received: 20 July 2024 Accepted: 11 September 2024 Published: 29 September 2024

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Abstract

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are prevalent post renal transplant complication. These infections are most common in renal transplant recipient’s contrary to their incidence in general healthy population as shown by previous studies. Though the frequencies of occurrences are different in renal transplant patients. There is general lack of consensus on the risk factors associated with development of UTIs in renal transplant patients as well as effects posed by them and occurrence of mortality in patient group. This retrospective cohort study investigated and included adults’ patients who were operated for renal transplant in a single transplant center in UK from Jan 2014 to December 2023. The number of patients were 604 with two hundred and fifty-nine developed one or more UTIs in 42 months follow-up period. Signiﬁcant risk factors for post-transplant UTIs were advanced age, female gender, reﬂux kidney disease, use of azathioprine and cadaveric donor. UTIs did not increase risk for renal graft loss, but were associated with increased mortality (3.5 odds ratio, 95% conﬁdence interval 1.68–7.23). We conclude UTIs may be associated with an increased mortality risk in renal transplant recipients. Prevention of UTIs in high-risk renal transplant patients or those with recurrent UTIs may possibly decrease post-transplant mortality.

Published in	American Journal of Internal Medicine (Volume 12, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajim.20241204.12
Page(s)	56-62
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Renal Transplant Recipients, Urinary Tract Infections, Bacterial Infections

References

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[10]	Locke, J. E., HANDBOOK OF KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION. SIXTH EDITION G. M. Danovitch (Edi tor) Wolters Kluwar, 2017, 606pp. ISBN: 9781496326157. American Journal of Transplantation. 18(7): p. 1820.
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APA Style

Odoch, A. K., Katam, S., Bobbiti, P., Singh, M., Mechessa, M. A., et al. (2024). A Retrospective View of Post Renal Transplant Urinary Tract Infections: An Experience of A UK Transplant Centre. American Journal of Internal Medicine, 12(4), 56-62. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20241204.12

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ACS Style

Odoch, A. K.; Katam, S.; Bobbiti, P.; Singh, M.; Mechessa, M. A., et al. A Retrospective View of Post Renal Transplant Urinary Tract Infections: An Experience of A UK Transplant Centre. Am. J. Intern. Med. 2024, 12(4), 56-62. doi: 10.11648/j.ajim.20241204.12

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AMA Style

Odoch AK, Katam S, Bobbiti P, Singh M, Mechessa MA, et al. A Retrospective View of Post Renal Transplant Urinary Tract Infections: An Experience of A UK Transplant Centre. Am J Intern Med. 2024;12(4):56-62. doi: 10.11648/j.ajim.20241204.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajim.20241204.12,
  author = {Allan Karim Odoch and Shruthi Katam and Pooja Bobbiti and Mirab Singh and Mahlet Alemayehu Mechessa and Alidjanov Xodjiakbar Kashipovich and Tochukwu Anthony Akwue and Nnamdi Cletus Opara and Tseganesh Mekonnen Hailemariam and Jeyasundar Dhevanbu},
  title = {A Retrospective View of Post Renal Transplant Urinary Tract Infections: An Experience of A UK Transplant Centre
},
  journal = {American Journal of Internal Medicine},
  volume = {12},
  number = {4},
  pages = {56-62},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajim.20241204.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20241204.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajim.20241204.12},
  abstract = {Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are prevalent post renal transplant complication. These infections are most common in renal transplant recipient’s contrary to their incidence in general healthy population as shown by previous studies. Though the frequencies of occurrences are different in renal transplant patients. There is general lack of consensus on the risk factors associated with development of UTIs in renal transplant patients as well as effects posed by them and occurrence of mortality in patient group. This retrospective cohort study investigated and included adults’ patients who were operated for renal transplant in a single transplant center in UK from Jan 2014 to December 2023. The number of patients were 604 with two hundred and fifty-nine developed one or more UTIs in 42 months follow-up period. Signiﬁcant risk factors for post-transplant UTIs were advanced age, female gender, reﬂux kidney disease, use of azathioprine and cadaveric donor. UTIs did not increase risk for renal graft loss, but were associated with increased mortality (3.5 odds ratio, 95% conﬁdence interval 1.68–7.23). We conclude UTIs may be associated with an increased mortality risk in renal transplant recipients. Prevention of UTIs in high-risk renal transplant patients or those with recurrent UTIs may possibly decrease post-transplant mortality.
},
 year = {2024}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Retrospective View of Post Renal Transplant Urinary Tract Infections: An Experience of A UK Transplant Centre

AU  - Allan Karim Odoch
AU  - Shruthi Katam
AU  - Pooja Bobbiti
AU  - Mirab Singh
AU  - Mahlet Alemayehu Mechessa
AU  - Alidjanov Xodjiakbar Kashipovich
AU  - Tochukwu Anthony Akwue
AU  - Nnamdi Cletus Opara
AU  - Tseganesh Mekonnen Hailemariam
AU  - Jeyasundar Dhevanbu
Y1  - 2024/09/29
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20241204.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajim.20241204.12
T2  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
JF  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
JO  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
SP  - 56
EP  - 62
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-4324
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20241204.12
AB  - Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are prevalent post renal transplant complication. These infections are most common in renal transplant recipient’s contrary to their incidence in general healthy population as shown by previous studies. Though the frequencies of occurrences are different in renal transplant patients. There is general lack of consensus on the risk factors associated with development of UTIs in renal transplant patients as well as effects posed by them and occurrence of mortality in patient group. This retrospective cohort study investigated and included adults’ patients who were operated for renal transplant in a single transplant center in UK from Jan 2014 to December 2023. The number of patients were 604 with two hundred and fifty-nine developed one or more UTIs in 42 months follow-up period. Signiﬁcant risk factors for post-transplant UTIs were advanced age, female gender, reﬂux kidney disease, use of azathioprine and cadaveric donor. UTIs did not increase risk for renal graft loss, but were associated with increased mortality (3.5 odds ratio, 95% conﬁdence interval 1.68–7.23). We conclude UTIs may be associated with an increased mortality risk in renal transplant recipients. Prevention of UTIs in high-risk renal transplant patients or those with recurrent UTIs may possibly decrease post-transplant mortality.

VL  - 12
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Allan Karim Odoch

Department of General Surgery, University of Suffolk, Ipswich, United Kingdom

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0008-3592-3573
Shruthi Katam

Department of Internal Medicine, Sri Venkateswara Medical College, Tirupati, India

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0006-5377-1396
Pooja Bobbiti

Department of Internal Medicine, Sri Venkateswara Medical College, Tirupati, India

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0007-3446-497X
Mirab Singh

Department of Emergency, Mediciti Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0001-5865-7422
Mahlet Alemayehu Mechessa

Department of Internal Medicine, Careland General Hospital, Sheger, Ethiopia

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0007-3588-1396
Alidjanov Xodjiakbar Kashipovich

Department of Angioneurology, Republican Specialized Center for Surgical Angioneurology, Tashkent, Uzbekistan

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1551-0874
Tochukwu Anthony Akwue

Department of Public Health, Louisiana State University, Louisiana, United States of America

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0007-8919-4882
Nnamdi Cletus Opara

College of Medicine, Imo State University, Orlu, Nigeria

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0007-8938-2920
Tseganesh Mekonnen Hailemariam

Department of Internal Medicine, Berges Clinic, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0000-3035-9477
Jeyasundar Dhevanbu

School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0007-9562-9491

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APA Style

Odoch, A. K., Katam, S., Bobbiti, P., Singh, M., Mechessa, M. A., et al. (2024). A Retrospective View of Post Renal Transplant Urinary Tract Infections: An Experience of A UK Transplant Centre. American Journal of Internal Medicine, 12(4), 56-62. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20241204.12

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ACS Style

Odoch, A. K.; Katam, S.; Bobbiti, P.; Singh, M.; Mechessa, M. A., et al. A Retrospective View of Post Renal Transplant Urinary Tract Infections: An Experience of A UK Transplant Centre. Am. J. Intern. Med. 2024, 12(4), 56-62. doi: 10.11648/j.ajim.20241204.12

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AMA Style

Odoch AK, Katam S, Bobbiti P, Singh M, Mechessa MA, et al. A Retrospective View of Post Renal Transplant Urinary Tract Infections: An Experience of A UK Transplant Centre. Am J Intern Med. 2024;12(4):56-62. doi: 10.11648/j.ajim.20241204.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajim.20241204.12,
  author = {Allan Karim Odoch and Shruthi Katam and Pooja Bobbiti and Mirab Singh and Mahlet Alemayehu Mechessa and Alidjanov Xodjiakbar Kashipovich and Tochukwu Anthony Akwue and Nnamdi Cletus Opara and Tseganesh Mekonnen Hailemariam and Jeyasundar Dhevanbu},
  title = {A Retrospective View of Post Renal Transplant Urinary Tract Infections: An Experience of A UK Transplant Centre
},
  journal = {American Journal of Internal Medicine},
  volume = {12},
  number = {4},
  pages = {56-62},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajim.20241204.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20241204.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajim.20241204.12},
  abstract = {Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are prevalent post renal transplant complication. These infections are most common in renal transplant recipient’s contrary to their incidence in general healthy population as shown by previous studies. Though the frequencies of occurrences are different in renal transplant patients. There is general lack of consensus on the risk factors associated with development of UTIs in renal transplant patients as well as effects posed by them and occurrence of mortality in patient group. This retrospective cohort study investigated and included adults’ patients who were operated for renal transplant in a single transplant center in UK from Jan 2014 to December 2023. The number of patients were 604 with two hundred and fifty-nine developed one or more UTIs in 42 months follow-up period. Signiﬁcant risk factors for post-transplant UTIs were advanced age, female gender, reﬂux kidney disease, use of azathioprine and cadaveric donor. UTIs did not increase risk for renal graft loss, but were associated with increased mortality (3.5 odds ratio, 95% conﬁdence interval 1.68–7.23). We conclude UTIs may be associated with an increased mortality risk in renal transplant recipients. Prevention of UTIs in high-risk renal transplant patients or those with recurrent UTIs may possibly decrease post-transplant mortality.
},
 year = {2024}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Retrospective View of Post Renal Transplant Urinary Tract Infections: An Experience of A UK Transplant Centre

AU  - Allan Karim Odoch
AU  - Shruthi Katam
AU  - Pooja Bobbiti
AU  - Mirab Singh
AU  - Mahlet Alemayehu Mechessa
AU  - Alidjanov Xodjiakbar Kashipovich
AU  - Tochukwu Anthony Akwue
AU  - Nnamdi Cletus Opara
AU  - Tseganesh Mekonnen Hailemariam
AU  - Jeyasundar Dhevanbu
Y1  - 2024/09/29
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20241204.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajim.20241204.12
T2  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
JF  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
JO  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
SP  - 56
EP  - 62
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-4324
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20241204.12
AB  - Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are prevalent post renal transplant complication. These infections are most common in renal transplant recipient’s contrary to their incidence in general healthy population as shown by previous studies. Though the frequencies of occurrences are different in renal transplant patients. There is general lack of consensus on the risk factors associated with development of UTIs in renal transplant patients as well as effects posed by them and occurrence of mortality in patient group. This retrospective cohort study investigated and included adults’ patients who were operated for renal transplant in a single transplant center in UK from Jan 2014 to December 2023. The number of patients were 604 with two hundred and fifty-nine developed one or more UTIs in 42 months follow-up period. Signiﬁcant risk factors for post-transplant UTIs were advanced age, female gender, reﬂux kidney disease, use of azathioprine and cadaveric donor. UTIs did not increase risk for renal graft loss, but were associated with increased mortality (3.5 odds ratio, 95% conﬁdence interval 1.68–7.23). We conclude UTIs may be associated with an increased mortality risk in renal transplant recipients. Prevention of UTIs in high-risk renal transplant patients or those with recurrent UTIs may possibly decrease post-transplant mortality.

VL  - 12
IS  - 4
ER  -

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