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Physicochemical Characterization of Water of the Plateau of Mbe in Pool-North in Republic of Congo Brazzaville

Received: 5 September 2018     Accepted: 18 September 2018     Published: 31 October 2018
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Abstract

The physicochemical characterization of water of the Mbe Plateau was carried out starting from thirty-two (32) samples of water taken between November 2017 and May 2018 in six months (rain season with a seasonal intercalation enters mid-January and at the end of February known as small dry season). Four (04) boreholes (Massa, Dieu le veut, Ingha and Ivoumba), three (03) rivers (Maty, Mary and Gamboma) and one (01) well (Ignié) were sampled during this study. The study of this water was based on measured parameters in-situ (the temperature, TDS, pH, the EC, dissolved oxygen, dissolved complete iron and salinity) and at the laboratory in particular: hardness, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, Al3+, NH4+, Cu2+, Fe2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Mn2+, Cl-, HCO3-, SO42-, NO3-, PO43- and alkalinity. The elements measured in situ were checked at the laboratory to reassure results. The results obtained showed that the values of measurements of the physicochemical parameters of analyzed water were all in conformity with the standards prescribed by WHO for the drink water, except in the case of the abnormal temperature proven with an average of 27°C and an average pH of 5.0 what confirms the acid character of water in all this zone of study. These results were treated starting from a hydrochemical method, by using the diagrams: of Piper, of Stabler, Schoeller-Berkaloff, Stiff, Wilcox and statistical methods traditional with software XLSTAT. The analysis enabled us to highlight the prevalence of facies chemical total chlorinated and sulphated calcic and magnesian in this water of the Plateau of Mbe. The dominant ions are the chlorides for the anions and magnesium for the cations.

Published in American Journal of Environmental Protection (Volume 7, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajep.20180703.11
Page(s) 40-54
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Groundwater, Surface Water, Physicochemistry, Plateau of Mbe, Pool North Congo

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    Harmel Obami Ondon, Urbain Gampio Mbilou, Dominique Nkounkou Tomodiatounga, Médard Ngouala Mabonzo, Raymond Gentil Elenga, et al. (2018). Physicochemical Characterization of Water of the Plateau of Mbe in Pool-North in Republic of Congo Brazzaville. American Journal of Environmental Protection, 7(3), 40-54. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20180703.11

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    Harmel Obami Ondon; Urbain Gampio Mbilou; Dominique Nkounkou Tomodiatounga; Médard Ngouala Mabonzo; Raymond Gentil Elenga, et al. Physicochemical Characterization of Water of the Plateau of Mbe in Pool-North in Republic of Congo Brazzaville. Am. J. Environ. Prot. 2018, 7(3), 40-54. doi: 10.11648/j.ajep.20180703.11

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    AMA Style

    Harmel Obami Ondon, Urbain Gampio Mbilou, Dominique Nkounkou Tomodiatounga, Médard Ngouala Mabonzo, Raymond Gentil Elenga, et al. Physicochemical Characterization of Water of the Plateau of Mbe in Pool-North in Republic of Congo Brazzaville. Am J Environ Prot. 2018;7(3):40-54. doi: 10.11648/j.ajep.20180703.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajep.20180703.11,
      author = {Harmel Obami Ondon and Urbain Gampio Mbilou and Dominique Nkounkou Tomodiatounga and Médard Ngouala Mabonzo and Raymond Gentil Elenga and Bernard Mabiala},
      title = {Physicochemical Characterization of Water of the Plateau of Mbe in Pool-North in Republic of Congo Brazzaville},
      journal = {American Journal of Environmental Protection},
      volume = {7},
      number = {3},
      pages = {40-54},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajep.20180703.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20180703.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajep.20180703.11},
      abstract = {The physicochemical characterization of water of the Mbe Plateau was carried out starting from thirty-two (32) samples of water taken between November 2017 and May 2018 in six months (rain season with a seasonal intercalation enters mid-January and at the end of February known as small dry season). Four (04) boreholes (Massa, Dieu le veut, Ingha and Ivoumba), three (03) rivers (Maty, Mary and Gamboma) and one (01) well (Ignié) were sampled during this study. The study of this water was based on measured parameters in-situ (the temperature, TDS, pH, the EC, dissolved oxygen, dissolved complete iron and salinity) and at the laboratory in particular: hardness, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, Al3+, NH4+, Cu2+, Fe2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Mn2+, Cl-, HCO3-, SO42-, NO3-, PO43- and alkalinity. The elements measured in situ were checked at the laboratory to reassure results. The results obtained showed that the values of measurements of the physicochemical parameters of analyzed water were all in conformity with the standards prescribed by WHO for the drink water, except in the case of the abnormal temperature proven with an average of 27°C and an average pH of 5.0 what confirms the acid character of water in all this zone of study. These results were treated starting from a hydrochemical method, by using the diagrams: of Piper, of Stabler, Schoeller-Berkaloff, Stiff, Wilcox and statistical methods traditional with software XLSTAT. The analysis enabled us to highlight the prevalence of facies chemical total chlorinated and sulphated calcic and magnesian in this water of the Plateau of Mbe. The dominant ions are the chlorides for the anions and magnesium for the cations.},
     year = {2018}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Physicochemical Characterization of Water of the Plateau of Mbe in Pool-North in Republic of Congo Brazzaville
    AU  - Harmel Obami Ondon
    AU  - Urbain Gampio Mbilou
    AU  - Dominique Nkounkou Tomodiatounga
    AU  - Médard Ngouala Mabonzo
    AU  - Raymond Gentil Elenga
    AU  - Bernard Mabiala
    Y1  - 2018/10/31
    PY  - 2018
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20180703.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajep.20180703.11
    T2  - American Journal of Environmental Protection
    JF  - American Journal of Environmental Protection
    JO  - American Journal of Environmental Protection
    SP  - 40
    EP  - 54
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2328-5699
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20180703.11
    AB  - The physicochemical characterization of water of the Mbe Plateau was carried out starting from thirty-two (32) samples of water taken between November 2017 and May 2018 in six months (rain season with a seasonal intercalation enters mid-January and at the end of February known as small dry season). Four (04) boreholes (Massa, Dieu le veut, Ingha and Ivoumba), three (03) rivers (Maty, Mary and Gamboma) and one (01) well (Ignié) were sampled during this study. The study of this water was based on measured parameters in-situ (the temperature, TDS, pH, the EC, dissolved oxygen, dissolved complete iron and salinity) and at the laboratory in particular: hardness, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, Al3+, NH4+, Cu2+, Fe2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Mn2+, Cl-, HCO3-, SO42-, NO3-, PO43- and alkalinity. The elements measured in situ were checked at the laboratory to reassure results. The results obtained showed that the values of measurements of the physicochemical parameters of analyzed water were all in conformity with the standards prescribed by WHO for the drink water, except in the case of the abnormal temperature proven with an average of 27°C and an average pH of 5.0 what confirms the acid character of water in all this zone of study. These results were treated starting from a hydrochemical method, by using the diagrams: of Piper, of Stabler, Schoeller-Berkaloff, Stiff, Wilcox and statistical methods traditional with software XLSTAT. The analysis enabled us to highlight the prevalence of facies chemical total chlorinated and sulphated calcic and magnesian in this water of the Plateau of Mbe. The dominant ions are the chlorides for the anions and magnesium for the cations.
    VL  - 7
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Mechanical, Energy and Engineering Laboratory, Higher National Polytechnic School, Marien N Gouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo

  • Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences and Technics, Marien N Gouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo

  • Mechanical, Energy and Engineering Laboratory, Higher National Polytechnic School, Marien N Gouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo

  • Department of Geography, Faculty of Social Science and Arts, Marien N Gouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo

  • Department of Physic, Faculty of Sciences and Technics, Marien N Gouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo

  • Mechanical, Energy and Engineering Laboratory, Higher National Polytechnic School, Marien N Gouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo

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