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Estimation of Manning’s Roughness Coefficient Through Calibration Using HEC-RAS Model: A Case Study of Rohri Canal, Pakistan

Received: 17 October 2020     Accepted: 14 January 2021     Published: 22 January 2021
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Abstract

In understanding the hydraulic characteristics of river system flow, the hydraulic simulation models are essential tools. The suitable value of Manning’s roughness coefficient “n” is chosen through method of calibration; i.e., the value which reproduces observed data to an acceptable accuracy. In the present study, the unsteady flow model HEC-RAS is applied to Rohri Canal (upstream Rohri) to estimate value of manning’s coefficient through the procedure. Through a series of systematic. Studies to identify the n values in a hypothetical open channel and a natural stream stretch, several identification procedures based on unconstrained and constrained minimizations are analyzed. However, the decision on what value to adopt is a complex task, especially when dealing with natural water courses due to the various factors that affect this coefficient ‘n’. The data was collected in the period of January (2010) to December (2011), and divided equally into two sets. The first set is for calibration purpose, estimation of (n) and the second set for the verification process of testing the model with actual data to establish its predictability accuracy. Graphical and statistical approaches were used for model calibration and verification. Results show that the manning’s roughness coefficient “n” for Rohri Canal which shows good agreement between observed and computed hydrograph is 0.042.

Published in American Journal of Civil Engineering (Volume 9, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajce.20210901.11
Page(s) 1-10
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Manning’s Roughness Coefficient, Calibration, Validation, Hydrograph, HEC-RAS

References
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[2] B. Mishra and S. Behera, 7th International R&D Conference on Development and Management of Water and Energy Resources, Bhubaneswar, 4-6 February 2009.
[3] Ding, Y. and Wang, S. Y. (2004), “Identification of Manning’s Roughness Coefficient in Channel Network Using Adjoint Analysis”, National Center for Computational Hydroscience and Engineering, University of Mississippi, USA.
[4] Doncker, L., Troch, P., Verhoeven, R., Bal, K., Meire, P., & Quintelier, J. (2009). Determination of the Manning roughness coefficient influenced by vegetation in the river Aa and Biebrza river. Environmental fluid mechanics, 9 (5), 549-567.
[5] Fard, R. S., Heidarnejad, M., & Zohrabi, N. (2013). Study factors influencing the hydraulic roughness coefficient of the Karun river (Iran). International Journal of Farming and Allied Sciences, 22 (2), 976-981.
[6] Gupta, B. L. (2007), “Water resources systems and Management”, 2nd edition. ISBN: 81-8014-106-3, Standard Publishers, Delhi. www.engineering books.co. in.
[7] Government of Orissa, (2010) “Department of Water Resources, Mahanadi at a Glance, Vol. 1.
[8] Kahlown, M. A., & Majeed, A. (2003). Water-resources situation in Pakistan: challenges and future strategies. Water Resources in the South: present scenario and future prospects, 20.
[9] Mayo, T., Butler, T., Dawson, C., & Hoteit, I. (2014). Data assimilation within the Advanced Circulation (ADCIRC) modeling framework for the estimation of Manning’s friction coefficient. Ocean Modelling, 76, 43-58.
[10] Olsen, N. R. B. (2002). Hydroinformatics, fluvial hydraulics and limnology. Norwegian University of Science and Technology. Trondheim, Noruega.
[11] Phillips, J. V., & Tadayon, S. (2006). Selection of Manning's roughness coefficient for natural and constructed vegetated and non-vegetated channels, and vegetation maintenance plan guidelines for vegetated channels in Central Arizona: US Department of the Interior, US Geological Survey Washington, DC.
[12] Pruski, F. (2006). Hidros: dimensionamento de sistemas hidroagrícolas: Editora UFV.
[13] P. V. Timbadiya, P. L. Patel and P. D. Porey, (2011) “Calibration of HEC-RAS Model on Prediction of Flood for Lower Tapi River, India,” Journal of Water Resources and Protection, Vol. 3, 2011, pp. 805-811.
[14] S. Patro, C. Chatterjee, S. Mohanty, R. Singh and N. S. Raghuwanshi, (2009) “Flood Inundation Modeling Using Mike Flood and Remote Sensing Data,” Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing, Vol. 37, No. 1, pp. 107.
[15] Teixeira, E. K. d. C., Coelho, M. M. L. P., Pinto, E. J. d. A., Diniz, J. G., & Saliba, A. P. M. (2018). Manning’s roughness coefficient for the Doce River. RBRH, 23.
[16] HEC (Hydrologic Engineering Center) (2009) “One dimensional – unsteady flow through a full network of open channels”, User's manual, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Davis, CA. (http://www.hec.usace.army.mil/software/HEC-RAS/hecrasdownload.html).
[17] US Army Corps of Engineers, “HEC-RAS, User Manual, 2008”, Hydrologic Engineering Center, Davis Version 4.0.
[18] R. Vijay, A. Sargoankar and A. Gupta, (2007) “Hydrodynamic Simulation of River Yamuna for Riverbed Assessment: A Case Study of Delhi Region”, Environmental Monitoring Assessment, Vol. 130, No. 1-3, pp. 381-387.
[19] N. Usul and T. Burak, (2006) “Flood Forecasting and Analysis within the Ulus Basin, Turkey, Using Geographic Information Systems”, Natural Hazards, Vol. 39, No. 2.
[20] Othman, N. Y (2006), “Hydraulic Control of Shatt Al-Hilla within Hilla City”, MSc Thesis, College of Engineering, University of Babylon, Iraq.
[21] Van Lanen, H. A., Tallaksen, L. M., & Rees, G. (2007). Annex II. Droughts and climate change. Commission Staff Working Document Impact Assessment (SEC (2007) 993).
[22] W. M. Bao, X.-Q. Zhang and S. M. Qu, (2009) “Dynamic Correction of Roughness in the Hydrodynamic Model,” Journal of Hydrodynamics, Vol. 21, No. 2, pp. 255-263.
[23] Zink, J. M., & Jennings, G. D. (2014). Channel roughness in North Carolina mountain streams. JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association, 50 (5), 1354-1358.
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  • APA Style

    Shan-e-hyder Soomro, Caihong Hu, Muhammad Munir Babar, Mairaj Hyder Alias Aamir. (2021). Estimation of Manning’s Roughness Coefficient Through Calibration Using HEC-RAS Model: A Case Study of Rohri Canal, Pakistan. American Journal of Civil Engineering, 9(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20210901.11

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    ACS Style

    Shan-e-hyder Soomro; Caihong Hu; Muhammad Munir Babar; Mairaj Hyder Alias Aamir. Estimation of Manning’s Roughness Coefficient Through Calibration Using HEC-RAS Model: A Case Study of Rohri Canal, Pakistan. Am. J. Civ. Eng. 2021, 9(1), 1-10. doi: 10.11648/j.ajce.20210901.11

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    AMA Style

    Shan-e-hyder Soomro, Caihong Hu, Muhammad Munir Babar, Mairaj Hyder Alias Aamir. Estimation of Manning’s Roughness Coefficient Through Calibration Using HEC-RAS Model: A Case Study of Rohri Canal, Pakistan. Am J Civ Eng. 2021;9(1):1-10. doi: 10.11648/j.ajce.20210901.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajce.20210901.11,
      author = {Shan-e-hyder Soomro and Caihong Hu and Muhammad Munir Babar and Mairaj Hyder Alias Aamir},
      title = {Estimation of Manning’s Roughness Coefficient Through Calibration Using HEC-RAS Model: A Case Study of Rohri Canal, Pakistan},
      journal = {American Journal of Civil Engineering},
      volume = {9},
      number = {1},
      pages = {1-10},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajce.20210901.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20210901.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajce.20210901.11},
      abstract = {In understanding the hydraulic characteristics of river system flow, the hydraulic simulation models are essential tools. The suitable value of Manning’s roughness coefficient “n” is chosen through method of calibration; i.e., the value which reproduces observed data to an acceptable accuracy. In the present study, the unsteady flow model HEC-RAS is applied to Rohri Canal (upstream Rohri) to estimate value of manning’s coefficient through the procedure. Through a series of systematic. Studies to identify the n values in a hypothetical open channel and a natural stream stretch, several identification procedures based on unconstrained and constrained minimizations are analyzed. However, the decision on what value to adopt is a complex task, especially when dealing with natural water courses due to the various factors that affect this coefficient ‘n’. The data was collected in the period of January (2010) to December (2011), and divided equally into two sets. The first set is for calibration purpose, estimation of (n) and the second set for the verification process of testing the model with actual data to establish its predictability accuracy. Graphical and statistical approaches were used for model calibration and verification. Results show that the manning’s roughness coefficient “n” for Rohri Canal which shows good agreement between observed and computed hydrograph is 0.042.},
     year = {2021}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Estimation of Manning’s Roughness Coefficient Through Calibration Using HEC-RAS Model: A Case Study of Rohri Canal, Pakistan
    AU  - Shan-e-hyder Soomro
    AU  - Caihong Hu
    AU  - Muhammad Munir Babar
    AU  - Mairaj Hyder Alias Aamir
    Y1  - 2021/01/22
    PY  - 2021
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20210901.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajce.20210901.11
    T2  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
    JF  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
    JO  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
    SP  - 1
    EP  - 10
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-8737
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20210901.11
    AB  - In understanding the hydraulic characteristics of river system flow, the hydraulic simulation models are essential tools. The suitable value of Manning’s roughness coefficient “n” is chosen through method of calibration; i.e., the value which reproduces observed data to an acceptable accuracy. In the present study, the unsteady flow model HEC-RAS is applied to Rohri Canal (upstream Rohri) to estimate value of manning’s coefficient through the procedure. Through a series of systematic. Studies to identify the n values in a hypothetical open channel and a natural stream stretch, several identification procedures based on unconstrained and constrained minimizations are analyzed. However, the decision on what value to adopt is a complex task, especially when dealing with natural water courses due to the various factors that affect this coefficient ‘n’. The data was collected in the period of January (2010) to December (2011), and divided equally into two sets. The first set is for calibration purpose, estimation of (n) and the second set for the verification process of testing the model with actual data to establish its predictability accuracy. Graphical and statistical approaches were used for model calibration and verification. Results show that the manning’s roughness coefficient “n” for Rohri Canal which shows good agreement between observed and computed hydrograph is 0.042.
    VL  - 9
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • School of Water Conservancy Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China

  • School of Water Conservancy Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China

  • U.S.-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Water, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan

  • School of Civil, Mining, and Environment, University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave Wollongong, Australia

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