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Research of Bioactive Chemical Markers in Trunk Bark Extracts of Anogeissus leiocarpa, a Traditional Herbal Remedy for Hypertension

Received: 21 January 2020     Accepted: 10 February 2020     Published: 18 February 2020
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Abstract

High blood pressure or hypertension is a public health problem in Burkina Faso. According to official statistics, its prevalence rate is estimated at 20%. The management of this disease is long-term with chronic treatments. This leads the population to resort to efficient, accessible and cheaper herbal medicines. Anogeissus leiocarpa is one of the plants used in traditional medicine for the treatment of hypertension in Burkina Faso. Earlier preclinical studies have proved the efficacy and safety of trunk bark extract. In this investigation, bioactive chemical marker phytocompounds are sought for the development, quality control and standardization of the antihypertensive drug based on this plant. The extracts of this plant are prepared by decoction from trunk bark powder and then fractionated successively with solvents in order of increasing polarity (n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and 1-butanol). The fractions obtained are subjected to phytochemical screening. The antioxidant properties of the different extracts have also been studied since the chemical species known as free radicals, which cause oxidative stress, are related to hypertension. The evaluation of the contents of total phenolic compounds and total flavonoids, which would have antihypertensive properties, was carried out according to the method using Folin-Ciocalteu. The highest total phenolic and total flavonoid contents were obtained with the ethyl acetate fraction (89.52 mg tannic acid equivalent/g dry extract and 70.87 mg quercetin equivalent/g dry extract for flavonoids). The best antioxidant power is also obtained with the ethyl acetate fraction (IC50: 6.93µg /mL). Standardization tests using analytical methods have identified three compounds A, B and C whose structure determination is in progress. These compounds could be used as markers for quality control of the prototype antihypertensive phytodrugs developed.

Published in American Journal of Applied Chemistry (Volume 8, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajac.20200801.12
Page(s) 6-12
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Anogeissus leiocarpa, Chemical Markers, Total Polyphenols, Total Flavonoids, Antioxidant Activity, HLC Profile

References
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    Benjamin Ouedraogo, Jules Yoda, Felix Kini, Jean Claude Ouedraogo, Marius Lompo, et al. (2020). Research of Bioactive Chemical Markers in Trunk Bark Extracts of Anogeissus leiocarpa, a Traditional Herbal Remedy for Hypertension. American Journal of Applied Chemistry, 8(1), 6-12. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20200801.12

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    Benjamin Ouedraogo; Jules Yoda; Felix Kini; Jean Claude Ouedraogo; Marius Lompo, et al. Research of Bioactive Chemical Markers in Trunk Bark Extracts of Anogeissus leiocarpa, a Traditional Herbal Remedy for Hypertension. Am. J. Appl. Chem. 2020, 8(1), 6-12. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20200801.12

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    Benjamin Ouedraogo, Jules Yoda, Felix Kini, Jean Claude Ouedraogo, Marius Lompo, et al. Research of Bioactive Chemical Markers in Trunk Bark Extracts of Anogeissus leiocarpa, a Traditional Herbal Remedy for Hypertension. Am J Appl Chem. 2020;8(1):6-12. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20200801.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajac.20200801.12,
      author = {Benjamin Ouedraogo and Jules Yoda and Felix Kini and Jean Claude Ouedraogo and Marius Lompo and Sylvin Ouedraogo},
      title = {Research of Bioactive Chemical Markers in Trunk Bark Extracts of Anogeissus leiocarpa, a Traditional Herbal Remedy for Hypertension},
      journal = {American Journal of Applied Chemistry},
      volume = {8},
      number = {1},
      pages = {6-12},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajac.20200801.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20200801.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajac.20200801.12},
      abstract = {High blood pressure or hypertension is a public health problem in Burkina Faso. According to official statistics, its prevalence rate is estimated at 20%. The management of this disease is long-term with chronic treatments. This leads the population to resort to efficient, accessible and cheaper herbal medicines. Anogeissus leiocarpa is one of the plants used in traditional medicine for the treatment of hypertension in Burkina Faso. Earlier preclinical studies have proved the efficacy and safety of trunk bark extract. In this investigation, bioactive chemical marker phytocompounds are sought for the development, quality control and standardization of the antihypertensive drug based on this plant. The extracts of this plant are prepared by decoction from trunk bark powder and then fractionated successively with solvents in order of increasing polarity (n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and 1-butanol). The fractions obtained are subjected to phytochemical screening. The antioxidant properties of the different extracts have also been studied since the chemical species known as free radicals, which cause oxidative stress, are related to hypertension. The evaluation of the contents of total phenolic compounds and total flavonoids, which would have antihypertensive properties, was carried out according to the method using Folin-Ciocalteu. The highest total phenolic and total flavonoid contents were obtained with the ethyl acetate fraction (89.52 mg tannic acid equivalent/g dry extract and 70.87 mg quercetin equivalent/g dry extract for flavonoids). The best antioxidant power is also obtained with the ethyl acetate fraction (IC50: 6.93µg /mL). Standardization tests using analytical methods have identified three compounds A, B and C whose structure determination is in progress. These compounds could be used as markers for quality control of the prototype antihypertensive phytodrugs developed.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Research of Bioactive Chemical Markers in Trunk Bark Extracts of Anogeissus leiocarpa, a Traditional Herbal Remedy for Hypertension
    AU  - Benjamin Ouedraogo
    AU  - Jules Yoda
    AU  - Felix Kini
    AU  - Jean Claude Ouedraogo
    AU  - Marius Lompo
    AU  - Sylvin Ouedraogo
    Y1  - 2020/02/18
    PY  - 2020
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20200801.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajac.20200801.12
    T2  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
    JF  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
    JO  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
    SP  - 6
    EP  - 12
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-8745
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20200801.12
    AB  - High blood pressure or hypertension is a public health problem in Burkina Faso. According to official statistics, its prevalence rate is estimated at 20%. The management of this disease is long-term with chronic treatments. This leads the population to resort to efficient, accessible and cheaper herbal medicines. Anogeissus leiocarpa is one of the plants used in traditional medicine for the treatment of hypertension in Burkina Faso. Earlier preclinical studies have proved the efficacy and safety of trunk bark extract. In this investigation, bioactive chemical marker phytocompounds are sought for the development, quality control and standardization of the antihypertensive drug based on this plant. The extracts of this plant are prepared by decoction from trunk bark powder and then fractionated successively with solvents in order of increasing polarity (n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and 1-butanol). The fractions obtained are subjected to phytochemical screening. The antioxidant properties of the different extracts have also been studied since the chemical species known as free radicals, which cause oxidative stress, are related to hypertension. The evaluation of the contents of total phenolic compounds and total flavonoids, which would have antihypertensive properties, was carried out according to the method using Folin-Ciocalteu. The highest total phenolic and total flavonoid contents were obtained with the ethyl acetate fraction (89.52 mg tannic acid equivalent/g dry extract and 70.87 mg quercetin equivalent/g dry extract for flavonoids). The best antioxidant power is also obtained with the ethyl acetate fraction (IC50: 6.93µg /mL). Standardization tests using analytical methods have identified three compounds A, B and C whose structure determination is in progress. These compounds could be used as markers for quality control of the prototype antihypertensive phytodrugs developed.
    VL  - 8
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Medicine, Traditional Pharmacopeia and Pharmacy (Mephatra/Ph), Research Institute for Health Sciences (IRSS), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

  • Department of Medicine, Traditional Pharmacopeia and Pharmacy (Mephatra/Ph), Research Institute for Health Sciences (IRSS), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

  • Department of Medicine, Traditional Pharmacopeia and Pharmacy (Mephatra/Ph), Research Institute for Health Sciences (IRSS), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

  • Laboratory of Environmental Analytical Chemistry and Bioorganic (Lcaebio), Joseph Ki-zerbo University, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

  • Department of Medicine, Traditional Pharmacopeia and Pharmacy (Mephatra/Ph), Research Institute for Health Sciences (IRSS), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

  • Department of Medicine, Traditional Pharmacopeia and Pharmacy (Mephatra/Ph), Research Institute for Health Sciences (IRSS), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

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