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Physico-Chemical and Heavy Metal Analyses of Some Ground Water in Bunza, North Western, Nigeria

Received: 27 July 2015     Accepted: 6 August 2015     Published: 14 August 2015
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Abstract

Water contaminants such as chemicals, household waste or microorganism are known to be dangerous to human health and other living organism, thus the basis for this study. The physico-chemical parameters and heavy metal contents of four different well water in Bunza, North Western Nigeria were analyzed. The pH of the well waters ranged from 4.31 - 5.9, Magnesium and Calcium content of the well water ranged from 4.54 - 5.40 and 53.58 - 66.42 mg/L, Cadmium content of the well waters ranged from 0.017 - 0.021 mg/l, the pH values and Calcium content obtained falls below the permissible limit of 6.50 - 9.00 and 150 - 200 mg/l respectively as given by WHO, while the Cadmium content was observed to be higher than the permissible limit (0.003 mg/L). This study infers that well water in the studied area may not be safe for human and animal consumption

Published in American Journal of Applied Chemistry (Volume 3, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajac.20150304.12
Page(s) 153-157
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Contaminant, Heavy Metal, Well, Concentrations, Hazardous

References
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[2] Edward, E. Practical Information, Well Water Problems. The Chemistry of Water Bulletin, 1980; 1237p.
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[4] WHO. Health criteria and other supporting information in guidelines for drinking water quality, Geneva, 1996; 2:31-38.
[5] Akoteyon, I., and Soladoye, O. Groundwater Quality Assessment in Eti-Osa, Lagos - Nigeria using Multivariate Analysis. Journal of Applied Science and Environmental Management, 2011; 15 (1): 121-125.
[6] Audu, S., Karin, J., Usman, A., Itodo, A., and Ambo, A. Physico-Chemical Analyses of Water fromRinged and Unringed Wells in Karu, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. International Journal of Chemical Science, 2010; 3 (1): 94-99.
[7] Elinge, C.M., Itodo, A.U., Peni, I.J., Birnin-Yauri, U.A., and Mbongo, A. Assessment of Heavy Metals Concentrations in Bore-Hole Waters in Aliero Community of Kebbi State. Advances in Applied Science Research, 2011; 2(4): 272-282.
[8] www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bunza Assessed on 20th May, 2012.
[9] Udoh, A., Omenesa, H., and Sigh, K. Quality of Drinking Water in Zaria, Kaduna State. Nigerian Journal of Scientific Research, 1986; 1(1): 53-56.
[10] APHA. Standard methods for the examination of water and waste water, 24th edition, American Public Health Association (APHA), American Water and Works Association and Water Environment Federation, Washington, DC., 1995, 1999.
[11] APHA. Standard methods for the examination of water and waste water, 19th edition, American Public Health Association (APHA), American Water and Works Association and Water Environment Federation, Washington, DC., 1995.
[12] Ademoroti, C. Standard methods for water and effluents analysis. (1st, Ed.) Ibadan: Foludex Press Ltd, 1996.
[13] Alloway, B. Heavy Metals in Soils. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1990.
[14] SON. Inorganic Constituents For Drinking Water Quality. Lagos: Standard Organization of Nigeria, 2003.
[15] WHO. Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality:Health Criteria and other Supporting Information (2nd ed.). Delhi, India: AITBS Publishers, 1999.
[16] Radojavic, M., and Vladimir, N. Chemical Bulletin. Bulletin of the Royal Society of Chemistry, 1992; 25.
[17] Garbarino, J. R., Hayes, H., Roth, D., Antweider, R. Brinton, T. I., Taylor, H. Contaminants in the Mississippi River. U. S. Geological Survey Circular Virginia, U.S.A. 1133, 1995.
[18] Baude, T. A. Water quality specialist. Colorado state university extension, 1986.
[19] Ether, T. K. Integrated management of water recourses, Understanding the earth system compartments, process, and interaction. Springer, 2001; 116.
[20] Obaroh, I. O., Elinge, M. and Nwankwo, C. Assessment of some Heavy Metals and Physico-chemical Parameters of Jega River, North West Nigeria. International Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences, 2012; 8(1): 78-81.
[21] Obaroh, I. O., Elinge, M., Shabanda, I. S. and Nwankwo, C. Heavy Metal Concentrations in Gills and Livers of Clarias anguillaris and Oreochromis niloticus from an Inland Water. Journal of Aquatic Sciences, 2014; 29(2A): 267-273.
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[23] Bubb, J. M. and Lester, J. N. The impact of heavy metals in lowland rivers and the implications for man and the environment. Science Total Environment, 1991; 100: 207-233.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Cosmas Elinge, Hassan Abdulaziz Muhammed, Israel Obaroh. (2015). Physico-Chemical and Heavy Metal Analyses of Some Ground Water in Bunza, North Western, Nigeria. American Journal of Applied Chemistry, 3(4), 153-157. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20150304.12

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    ACS Style

    Cosmas Elinge; Hassan Abdulaziz Muhammed; Israel Obaroh. Physico-Chemical and Heavy Metal Analyses of Some Ground Water in Bunza, North Western, Nigeria. Am. J. Appl. Chem. 2015, 3(4), 153-157. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20150304.12

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    AMA Style

    Cosmas Elinge, Hassan Abdulaziz Muhammed, Israel Obaroh. Physico-Chemical and Heavy Metal Analyses of Some Ground Water in Bunza, North Western, Nigeria. Am J Appl Chem. 2015;3(4):153-157. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20150304.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajac.20150304.12,
      author = {Cosmas Elinge and Hassan Abdulaziz Muhammed and Israel Obaroh},
      title = {Physico-Chemical and Heavy Metal Analyses of Some Ground Water in Bunza, North Western, Nigeria},
      journal = {American Journal of Applied Chemistry},
      volume = {3},
      number = {4},
      pages = {153-157},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajac.20150304.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20150304.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajac.20150304.12},
      abstract = {Water contaminants such as chemicals, household waste or microorganism are known to be dangerous to human health and other living organism, thus the basis for this study. The physico-chemical parameters and heavy metal contents of four different well water in Bunza, North Western Nigeria were analyzed. The pH of the well waters ranged from 4.31 - 5.9, Magnesium and Calcium content of the well water ranged from 4.54 - 5.40 and 53.58 - 66.42 mg/L, Cadmium content of the well waters ranged from 0.017 - 0.021 mg/l, the pH values and Calcium content obtained falls below the permissible limit of 6.50 - 9.00 and 150 - 200 mg/l respectively as given by WHO, while the Cadmium content was observed to be higher than the permissible limit (0.003 mg/L). This study infers that well water in the studied area may not be safe for human and animal consumption},
     year = {2015}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Physico-Chemical and Heavy Metal Analyses of Some Ground Water in Bunza, North Western, Nigeria
    AU  - Cosmas Elinge
    AU  - Hassan Abdulaziz Muhammed
    AU  - Israel Obaroh
    Y1  - 2015/08/14
    PY  - 2015
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20150304.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajac.20150304.12
    T2  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
    JF  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
    JO  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
    SP  - 153
    EP  - 157
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-8745
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20150304.12
    AB  - Water contaminants such as chemicals, household waste or microorganism are known to be dangerous to human health and other living organism, thus the basis for this study. The physico-chemical parameters and heavy metal contents of four different well water in Bunza, North Western Nigeria were analyzed. The pH of the well waters ranged from 4.31 - 5.9, Magnesium and Calcium content of the well water ranged from 4.54 - 5.40 and 53.58 - 66.42 mg/L, Cadmium content of the well waters ranged from 0.017 - 0.021 mg/l, the pH values and Calcium content obtained falls below the permissible limit of 6.50 - 9.00 and 150 - 200 mg/l respectively as given by WHO, while the Cadmium content was observed to be higher than the permissible limit (0.003 mg/L). This study infers that well water in the studied area may not be safe for human and animal consumption
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry Kebbi State, University of Science and Technology, Aliero, Nigeria

  • Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry Kebbi State, University of Science and Technology, Aliero, Nigeria

  • Department of Biological Sciences Kebbi State, University of Science and Technology, Aliero, Nigeria

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