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Production and Characterization of Biodiesel from Locally Sourced Sesame Seed Oil, Used Cooking Oil and other Commercial Vegetable Oils in Erbil-Iraqi Kurdistan

Received: 10 November 2014     Accepted: 17 November 2014     Published: 28 November 2014
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Abstract

Production of biodiesel from locally produced sesame oil and commercially available sunflower oil, corn oil, and hazelnut oil and used cooking oil was carried out by transesterification method. Effect of different parameters was studied; including effect of temperature, oil to alcohol ratio, time of transesterification, and type and amount of alkaline catalyst in order to achieve the optimum condition to obtain the highest conversion. The results indicate that 60oC, 1:6 oil to methanol ratio, 2hrs reaction time and 1.5 wt % KOH were optimum conditions for transesterification to achieve the highest conversion of the vegetable oils to the corresponding biodiesel. The obtained biodiesels were analyzed using ASTM methods to determine the characteristic fuel properties; kinematic viscosity, specific gravity, flash point, pour and cloud point, water content, total sulfur content, acid number and cetane number. For comparison, two commercially available petro-diesels were analyzed using the same tests used for the produced biodiesels.

Published in American Journal of Applied Chemistry (Volume 2, Issue 6)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajac.20140206.12
Page(s) 105-111
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2014. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Biodiesel, Sesame Seed Oil, Used Cooking Oil, Transesterification

References
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[3] Shu, Q., et al., Synthesis of biodiesel from soybean oil and methanol catalyzed by zeolite beta modified with La 3+. Catalysis Communications, 2007. 8(12): p. 2159-2165.
[4] Fukuda, H., A. Kondo, and H. Noda, Biodiesel fuel production by transesterification of oils. Journal of bioscience and bioengineering, 2001. 92(5): p. 405-416.
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[6] Guan, G., N. Sakurai, and K. Kusakabe, Synthesis of biodiesel from sunflower oil at room temperature in the presence of various cosolvents. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2009. 146(2): p. 302-306.
[7] Phan, A.N. and T.M. Phan, Biodiesel production from waste cooking oils. Fuel, 2008. 87(17): p. 3490-3496.
[8] Bhatti, H.N., M.A. Hanif, and M. Qasim, Biodiesel production from waste tallow. Fuel, 2008. 87(13): p. 2961-2966.
[9] Yahyaee, R., B. Ghobadian, and G. Najafi, Waste fish oil biodiesel as a source of renewable fuel in Iran. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2013. 17: p. 312-319.
[10] Xu, Y. and M. Hanna, Synthesis and characterization of hazelnut oil-based biodiesel. Industrial crops and products, 2009. 29(2): p. 473-479.
[11] Dubé, M., A. Tremblay, and J. Liu, Biodiesel production using a membrane reactor. Bioresource Technology, 2007. 98(3): p. 639-647.
[12] Benjumea, P., J. Agudelo, and A. Agudelo, Basic properties of palm oil biodiesel–diesel blends. Fuel, 2008. 87(10): p. 2069-2075.
[13] Demirbas, A., Relationships derived from physical properties of vegetable oil and biodiesel fuels. Fuel, 2008. 87(8): p. 1743-1748.
[14] Arzamendi, G., et al., Synthesis of biodiesel with heterogeneous NaOH/alumina catalysts: comparison with homogeneous NaOH. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2007. 134(1): p. 123-130.
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[16] Dias, J.M., et al., Biodiesel production using calcium manganese oxide as catalyst and different raw materials. Energy Conversion and Management, 2013. 65: p. 647-653.
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  • APA Style

    Karim A. Younis, Jabbar L. Gardy, Kasim S. Barzinji. (2014). Production and Characterization of Biodiesel from Locally Sourced Sesame Seed Oil, Used Cooking Oil and other Commercial Vegetable Oils in Erbil-Iraqi Kurdistan. American Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2(6), 105-111. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20140206.12

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    ACS Style

    Karim A. Younis; Jabbar L. Gardy; Kasim S. Barzinji. Production and Characterization of Biodiesel from Locally Sourced Sesame Seed Oil, Used Cooking Oil and other Commercial Vegetable Oils in Erbil-Iraqi Kurdistan. Am. J. Appl. Chem. 2014, 2(6), 105-111. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20140206.12

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    AMA Style

    Karim A. Younis, Jabbar L. Gardy, Kasim S. Barzinji. Production and Characterization of Biodiesel from Locally Sourced Sesame Seed Oil, Used Cooking Oil and other Commercial Vegetable Oils in Erbil-Iraqi Kurdistan. Am J Appl Chem. 2014;2(6):105-111. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20140206.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajac.20140206.12,
      author = {Karim A. Younis and Jabbar L. Gardy and Kasim S. Barzinji},
      title = {Production and Characterization of Biodiesel from Locally Sourced Sesame Seed Oil, Used Cooking Oil and other Commercial Vegetable Oils in Erbil-Iraqi Kurdistan},
      journal = {American Journal of Applied Chemistry},
      volume = {2},
      number = {6},
      pages = {105-111},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajac.20140206.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20140206.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajac.20140206.12},
      abstract = {Production of biodiesel from locally produced sesame oil and commercially available sunflower oil, corn oil, and hazelnut oil and used cooking oil was carried out by transesterification method. Effect of different parameters was studied; including effect of temperature, oil to alcohol ratio, time of transesterification, and type and amount of alkaline catalyst in order to achieve the optimum condition to obtain the highest conversion. The results indicate that 60oC, 1:6 oil to methanol ratio, 2hrs reaction time and 1.5 wt % KOH were optimum conditions for transesterification to achieve the highest conversion of the vegetable oils to the corresponding biodiesel. The obtained biodiesels were analyzed using ASTM methods to determine the characteristic fuel properties; kinematic viscosity, specific gravity, flash point, pour and cloud point, water content, total sulfur content, acid number and cetane number. For comparison, two commercially available petro-diesels were analyzed using the same tests used for the produced biodiesels.},
     year = {2014}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Production and Characterization of Biodiesel from Locally Sourced Sesame Seed Oil, Used Cooking Oil and other Commercial Vegetable Oils in Erbil-Iraqi Kurdistan
    AU  - Karim A. Younis
    AU  - Jabbar L. Gardy
    AU  - Kasim S. Barzinji
    Y1  - 2014/11/28
    PY  - 2014
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20140206.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajac.20140206.12
    T2  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
    JF  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
    JO  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
    SP  - 105
    EP  - 111
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-8745
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20140206.12
    AB  - Production of biodiesel from locally produced sesame oil and commercially available sunflower oil, corn oil, and hazelnut oil and used cooking oil was carried out by transesterification method. Effect of different parameters was studied; including effect of temperature, oil to alcohol ratio, time of transesterification, and type and amount of alkaline catalyst in order to achieve the optimum condition to obtain the highest conversion. The results indicate that 60oC, 1:6 oil to methanol ratio, 2hrs reaction time and 1.5 wt % KOH were optimum conditions for transesterification to achieve the highest conversion of the vegetable oils to the corresponding biodiesel. The obtained biodiesels were analyzed using ASTM methods to determine the characteristic fuel properties; kinematic viscosity, specific gravity, flash point, pour and cloud point, water content, total sulfur content, acid number and cetane number. For comparison, two commercially available petro-diesels were analyzed using the same tests used for the produced biodiesels.
    VL  - 2
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    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Salahaddin, Erbil- Kurdistan Regional Government, 44002, Iraq

  • Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Salahaddin, Erbil- Kurdistan Regional Government, 44002, Iraq

  • Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Salahaddin, Erbil- Kurdistan Regional Government, 44002, Iraq

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