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Assessment of Chemical Dissolution Method for Conservation of Underwater Archaeological Ceramics

Received: 15 October 2014     Accepted: 21 October 2014     Published: 30 October 2014
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Abstract

The application of chemical dissolution for removal of sediment covering ceramics of underwater archaeology has been studied. The first step of this research was analysis and identification of the content of sediment covering ceramics of underwater archaeology using IR spectrophotometer, X-Ray Diffractometer, and Atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The second step was dissolution process of the sediment using water, Na2EDTA, and H2O2 solution. In this step, the influences of dissolution time using water and various concentration of the Na2EDTA and H2O2 solution have been evaluated. The result of this research showed that the sediment covering ceramics of underwater archaeology contains of organic compound, soluble salts of Na+ and K+, and insoluble salts of Ca2+, Mg2+, and Fe3+. Increasing the dissolution time in water has considerably increased the dissolution of the Na+ and K+ salts from sediment. On the other hand, increasing of concentration Na2EDTA gives an increase in the Ca2+, Mg2+, and Fe3+ salts dissolution from the sediment. The optimum concentration of H2O2 solution for dissolving organic compound is 30%.

Published in American Journal of Applied Chemistry (Volume 2, Issue 5)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.14
Page(s) 85-90
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2014. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Chemical, Dissolution, Conservation, Archaeological, Ceramic

References
[1] Smith, H.D. and Couper, A.D., The management of Underwater Cultural Heritage”, J. Archaeolog. Sci, 2003, 4, 25-33.
[2] Hall, K., Conservation of Marine Finds. Practical Guides for Archaeological Conservation and Site Preservation nb. 20, Japanese Institute of Anatolian Archaeology, 2002
[3] Mustaćek, M, Causes of the Decay of Archaeological Material, International Centre for Underwather Archaeology in Zadar, Zadar, 2011.
[4] Ćurković, M., Ceramic, Stone and Glass Archaeological Material, International Centre for Underwather Archaeology in Zadar, Zadar, 2011.
[5] Luka, B., Ćurković, M., Jelić A., Jozić A., Mustaček M., Perin T., and Pešić M., Conservation of Underwater Archeological Finds Manual, International Centre for Underwater Archaeology in Zadar, Zadar, 2011.
[6] Skoog,D.A., West, D.M., and Holler, F.J., Analytical Chemistry : An Introduction, 6th ed., Saunders College Publlishing , Tokyo, 1986.
[7] Cotton, F.E., Wilkinson, G., and Gaus, P.L., Basic Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd ed, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1986.
[8] Kasnowiharjo, G., Experimental Cleaning on Ceramics Results of Underwater Archaeological Excavation, Majalah Arkeologi Indonesia, 2011.
[9] Stumm, W., and Morgan, J.J., Aquatic Chemistry: An Introduction Emphasizing Chemical Equilibria in Natural Waters, John Wiley and Sonc Inc., New York, 1981.
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    Nurul Hidayat Aprilita, Endang Tri Wahyuni, Mahirta, Farida Yulita Putri Yuani, Raisa Deborah. (2014). Assessment of Chemical Dissolution Method for Conservation of Underwater Archaeological Ceramics. American Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2(5), 85-90. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.14

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    ACS Style

    Nurul Hidayat Aprilita; Endang Tri Wahyuni; Mahirta; Farida Yulita Putri Yuani; Raisa Deborah. Assessment of Chemical Dissolution Method for Conservation of Underwater Archaeological Ceramics. Am. J. Appl. Chem. 2014, 2(5), 85-90. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.14

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    AMA Style

    Nurul Hidayat Aprilita, Endang Tri Wahyuni, Mahirta, Farida Yulita Putri Yuani, Raisa Deborah. Assessment of Chemical Dissolution Method for Conservation of Underwater Archaeological Ceramics. Am J Appl Chem. 2014;2(5):85-90. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.14

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.14,
      author = {Nurul Hidayat Aprilita and Endang Tri Wahyuni and Mahirta and Farida Yulita Putri Yuani and Raisa Deborah},
      title = {Assessment of Chemical Dissolution Method for Conservation of Underwater Archaeological Ceramics},
      journal = {American Journal of Applied Chemistry},
      volume = {2},
      number = {5},
      pages = {85-90},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.14},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajac.20140205.14},
      abstract = {The application of chemical dissolution for removal of sediment covering ceramics of underwater archaeology has been studied. The first step of this research was analysis and identification of the content of sediment covering ceramics of underwater archaeology using IR spectrophotometer, X-Ray Diffractometer, and Atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The second step was dissolution process of the sediment using water, Na2EDTA, and H2O2 solution. In this step, the influences of dissolution time using water and various concentration of the Na2EDTA and H2O2 solution have been evaluated. The result of this research showed that the sediment covering ceramics of underwater archaeology contains of organic compound, soluble salts of Na+ and K+, and insoluble salts of Ca2+, Mg2+, and Fe3+. Increasing the dissolution time in water has considerably increased the dissolution of the Na+ and K+ salts from sediment. On the other hand, increasing of concentration Na2EDTA gives an increase in the Ca2+, Mg2+, and Fe3+ salts dissolution from the sediment. The optimum concentration of H2O2 solution for dissolving organic compound is 30%.},
     year = {2014}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Assessment of Chemical Dissolution Method for Conservation of Underwater Archaeological Ceramics
    AU  - Nurul Hidayat Aprilita
    AU  - Endang Tri Wahyuni
    AU  - Mahirta
    AU  - Farida Yulita Putri Yuani
    AU  - Raisa Deborah
    Y1  - 2014/10/30
    PY  - 2014
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.14
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.14
    T2  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
    JF  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
    JO  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
    SP  - 85
    EP  - 90
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-8745
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20140205.14
    AB  - The application of chemical dissolution for removal of sediment covering ceramics of underwater archaeology has been studied. The first step of this research was analysis and identification of the content of sediment covering ceramics of underwater archaeology using IR spectrophotometer, X-Ray Diffractometer, and Atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The second step was dissolution process of the sediment using water, Na2EDTA, and H2O2 solution. In this step, the influences of dissolution time using water and various concentration of the Na2EDTA and H2O2 solution have been evaluated. The result of this research showed that the sediment covering ceramics of underwater archaeology contains of organic compound, soluble salts of Na+ and K+, and insoluble salts of Ca2+, Mg2+, and Fe3+. Increasing the dissolution time in water has considerably increased the dissolution of the Na+ and K+ salts from sediment. On the other hand, increasing of concentration Na2EDTA gives an increase in the Ca2+, Mg2+, and Fe3+ salts dissolution from the sediment. The optimum concentration of H2O2 solution for dissolving organic compound is 30%.
    VL  - 2
    IS  - 5
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Chemistry Department, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara Bulaksumur 21, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia

  • Chemistry Department, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara Bulaksumur 21, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia

  • Archaeology Department, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Nusantara Street 1, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia

  • Chemistry Department, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara Bulaksumur 21, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia

  • Chemistry Department, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara Bulaksumur 21, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia

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