Research Article | | Peer-Reviewed

New Approaches on the Theory of Planetary Sciences: Applications of Non-Classical Equations of Mathematical Physics for Plasma Models of Jupiter’s Magnetosphere

Received: 31 March 2024    Accepted: 22 April 2024    Published: 24 May 2024
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

In this paper, considered non-classical equations of mathematical physics are applied in the fields of astronomy and astrophysics in the case of plasma models of Jupiter’s magnetosphere. It is known that non-classical equations of mathematical physics have applications in gas dynamics, aerodynamics, hydrodynamics, and magneto-hydrodynamics. According to comparisons and observation results of Pioner-10, 11, and Voyager 1-2, considered mathematical models of Jupiter’s magnetosphere, which is cold plasma, as searches of Jupiter’s Io. At first, the mathematical justification of the physical process of Io concerning plasma was described by a non-classical equation of the Keldysh type. For this reason, using MHD equations for the derivation of the model equations of cold plasma and hot plasma on Jupiter’s magnetosphere. In the region tail of Jupiter given analyses of basic model equations of the Jupiter magnetosphere for the equilibrium between magnetic force, pressure gradient, and centrifugal force in the presence of plasma rotations. Additionally, based on the basic theoretical and observational results, the role of the Alfven Mach number with a constant Euler potential parameter in the region tail of Jupiter’s magnetosphere proves the justification of the steady magneto-hydrodynamic equilibrium. As agreed previously in the results of observation Voyager 1,2. Therefore, in the magnetosphere, Jupiter’s hot and cold plasma describe the same class equation of Keldysh-Tricomi types. In this case, the exact solution is obtained by integrals, which are first expressed as analytical formulas. Theoretical aspects of the model hot and cold plasma on the tail magnetosphere contain concepts of reconnection, which connects lost mass from Jupiter’s Io. Such an effect reconnection coronal problem as Parker’s also occurs by lost temperature and energy dissipation. Lorentz force, supported by means of solar wind, changes cold plasma to hot plasma in cases where a magnetic disk acts as a balancing mechanical equilibrium to retain cold-hot plasma. For motivation, both mathematical and physical, we used some figures, a table, and an appendix. Note that considered approaches to the theory of planetary sciences at first time applicable for Jupiter.

Published in American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics (Volume 11, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajaa.20241101.12
Page(s) 14-32
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Non-Classical Models, Jupiter’s Io, Non-Classical Approaches, Mixed Keldysh Type Equation, Hydro-Dynamical Equilibrium, Planetary, Astrophysics

References
[1] Sobolev, S. L. Applications of Functional Analysis in Mathematical Physics, Izdat. Leningrad. Gos. Univ., Leningrad, 1950; English transl. Amer. Math. Soc, Providence, R. I., 1963.
[2] Vragov V. N. Boundary Problems for Nonclassical Equations of Mathematical Physics Novosibirsk, Novosibirskij gos. Univ., 1983. (in Russian).
[3] F. Tricomi, Sulle equazioni differenziali alle derivate parziali di secondo ordine di tipo misto, Memorie della Reale Accademia dei Lincei, S. 5a, Vol. XIV, fasc. 7, 1923.
[4] Keldysh M. V. On some cases of degenerate elliptic equations on the boundary of a domain, Doklady Acad. Nauk USSR. Vol. 77 (1951), 181-183.
[5] Polubarinova-Kochina P. Ya. Theory of groundwater movement. M.: Nauka, 1977 (In Russian).
[6] Barenblatt G. I., Zheltov Yu.P., Kochina I.N. On the basic concepts of the theory of filtration of homogeneous fluids in fractured rocks // Appl. Mathematics and mechanics. 1960. T. 25. Pp. 852–864. (In Russian)
[7] S. A. Chaplygin, Selected Works on Gas Dynamics [in Russian], Moscow (1954).
[8] L. Bers, Mathematical Aspects of Subsonic and Transonic Gas Dynamics, vol. 3 of Surveys in Applied Mathematics, JohnWiley& Sons, New York, NY, USA; Chapman & Hall, London, UK, 1958.
[9] F. I. Frankl, Selected Works in Gas Dynamics, Nauka, Moscow, Russia, 1973, (Russian).
[10] S. A. Tersenov, “On some problems for forward-backward parabolic equation, Siberian Mathematical Journal, vol. 51, pp. 338–345, 2010.
[11] Mahammad A. Nurmammadov. The Solvability of a New Boundary Value Problem with Derivatives on the Boundary Conditions for Forward-Backward Linear Systems Mixed of Keldysh Type in Multivariate Dimension// Sciences Publishing. International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mathematics 2015; 1(1): 1-9
[12] Mahammad A. Nurmammadov. The Solvability of a New Boundary Value Problem with Derivatives on the Boundary Conditions for Forward-Backward Semi Linear Systems of Mixed Equations of Keldysh Type in Multivariate Dimension. Sciences Publishing. International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mathematics 1(1): 10-20 (2015) (in English), Published online June 30, 2015
[13] Nurmammadov, M. A. (2022) Applications of Non-Classical Equations and Their Approaches to the Solution of Some of Classes Equations Arise in the Kelvin-Helmholtz Mechanism and Instability. Open Journal of Applied Sciences, 12, 1873-1891.
[14] V. V. Zheleznyakov and E. Ya. Zlotnik, Izv. Vuzov Radiofizika 5, 644 (1962).
[15] V. L. Ginzburg, Rasprostranenie elektromagnitnykh voln v plazme (Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves in a Plasma), Nauka, 1967.
[16] S. S. Moiseev, Paper at 7th Internat. Conference on Phenomena in Ionized Gases, Belgrade, 1965.
[17] Thomas H. Stix Radiation and Absorption Via Mode Conversion in an Inhomogeneous Collision-Free Plasma. Phys. Rev. Lett. 15, 878 – Published 6 December 1965.
[18] A. D. Piliya and V. I. Fedorov, Singularities of the field of an electromagnetic wave in a cold anisotropic plasma with two-dimensional inhomogeneity, Sov. Phys. JETP 33, 210–215 (1971).
[19] A. D. Piliya, Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 36, 2103 (1966) LSov. Phys.-Tech. Phys. 11, 1567, 1967.
[20] V. V. Dolgopolov, ibid. 36, 273 (1966) L11, 198 (1966).
[21] A. Czechowski and S. Grzedzielski, A cold plasma layer at the heliopause, Adv. Space Res. 16(9), 321–325 (1995).
[22] T. H. Otway, Variational equations on mixed Riemannian-Lorentzian metrics, J. Geom. Phys. 58, 1043–1061 (2008).
[23] T. H. Stix, The Theory of Plasma Waves. (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1962).
[24] H. Weitzner, “Wave propagation in a plasma based on the cold plasma model,” Courant Inst. Math. Sci. Magneto-Fluid Dynamics Div. Report MF-103, August, 1984.
[25] T. C. Killian, T. Pattard, T. Pohl, J. M. Rost, Ultracold neutral plasmas, Phys. Rep. 449, 77–130 (2007).
[26] F. Tricomi, Lectures on Partial Differential Equations (Russian Translation), IlL, 1957.
[27] M. M. Smirnov, Vyrozhdayushchiesya ellipticheskie i giperbolicheskie uravneniya (Degenerate Elliptic and Hyperbolic Equations), Nauka, 1966.
[28] E. Beltrami, Saggio di interpretazione della geometria non-euclidea, Giornale di Matematiche 6.1868, 284-312.
[29] E. Beltrami, Teoria fondamentale degli spazii di curvatura costante, Annali Mat. Pura Appl. ser. 2, 2, 1868, 232-255.
[30] C. Gu, The extremal surfaces in the 3-dimensional Minkowski space, Acta Math. Sinica n. s. 1, 1985, 173-180.
[31] L. M. Sibner, R. J. Sibner, Nonlinear Hodge theory: Applications, Advances in Math. 31 (1979) 1-7.
[32] K. R. Payne, Solvability theorems for linear equations of Tricomi type, J. Mat. Anal. Appl. 215, 1997, 262-273.
[33] Mahammad A. Nurmammadov. The Existence and Uniqueness of a New Boundary Value Problem (Type of Problem ‘‘E’’) for Linear System Equations of the Mixed Hyperbolic-Elliptic Type in the Multivariate Dimension with the Changing Time Direction // Hindawi Publishing Corporation Abstract and Applied Analysis Volume 2015, Article ID 703652, 10 pages
[34] Mahammad A. Nurmammadov. The Existence and Uniqueness of a New Boundary Value Problem (Type of Problem “E”) for a Class of Semi Linear (Power Type Nonlinearities) Mixed Hyperbolic-Elliptic System Equations of Keldysh Type with Changing Time Direction// Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica, English Series Vol. 38, No. 4 (2022) 763–777
[35] Nurmamedov, M. A. The first boundary value problems for the model equation of mixed type, in Proceedings “Non-classical equations of mathematical physics”, Institute of Mathematics of Siberian Branch of the Academy of Sciences, USSR, Novosibirsk, 117122 (1985) (in Russian).
[36] Kivelson M. G. The current systems of the Jovan magnetosphere and ionosphere and predication for Saturn. Space Science Reviews (Springer) 116(1-2): 299318
[37] Kivelson, M. Magnetospheric interactions with satellitesin Bagenal, F.; Dowling, T. E.; McKinnon, W. B. Jupiter: The Planet, Satellites and Magnetosphere, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-81808-7,
[38] Russel, C. T. Planetary Magnetospheres Reports on Progress in Physiscs 56 (6): 687–732.
[39] Russell, C. T. The dynamics of planetary magnetospheres». Planetary and Space Science 49 (10–11): 1005–1030.
[40] Krupp, N in Bagenal, F. et al., Jupiter: The Planet, Satellites and Magnetosphere, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-81808-7,
[41] Krupp, N. New surprises in the largest magnetosphere of Our Solar System Science 318 (5848): 216-217.
[42] Khurana, K. K. in Bagenal, F.; Dowling, T. E.; McKinnon, W. B., Jupiter: The Planet, Satellites and MagnetosphereCambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-81808-7,
[43] Russell, C. T., Khurana, K. K.; Arridge, C. S. Dougherty, M. K. The magnetospheres of Jupiter and Saturn and their lessons for the Earth. (PDF). Advances in Space Research 41 (8): 131018.
[44] Blanc, M.; Kallenbach, R.; Erkaev, N. V. Solar System magnetospheres». Space Science Reviews 116 (1–2): 227–298.
[45] Carr, Thomas D.; Gulkis, Samuel. The magnetosphere of Jupiter». Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics Astrophysics 7(1): 577-618.
[46] E. N. Parker Dynamics of the interplanetary gas and magnetic field Astrophys. J. 128 664
[47] M. Cinquini Cibrario, Equazioni a derivate parziali di tipo misto, Milan Journal of Mathematics, vol. 25, 1, Springer, 1955.
[48] A. D. Polyanin, Handbook of Linear Partial Differential Equations for Engineers and Scientists, Chapman & Hall/CRC, 2002.
[49] Caudal, G. (1986), A self-consistent model of Jupiter’s magnetodisc including the effects of centrifugal force and pressure, J. Geophysical. Res., 91(A4), 4201–4221.
[50] W. Dungey, Cosmic Electrodynamics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1958.
[51] T. Gold. Space Exploration and the Solar System, Academic Press, N. Y. 1964, p. 181.
[52] Bagenal, F., and P. A. Delamere (2011), Flow of mass and energy in the magnetospheres of Jupiter and Saturn, J. Geophys. Res., 116, A05209,
[53] J. E. P. Connerney, N. H. Acujia, and N. F. Ness, NASA TM—83882 (1982).
[54] Nurmammadov, M. A., et al. (2020) Influences the Factors of Cyclones, Anticyclones, Circulation and Rotation to the Steady Dynamic of Great Red Spot of Jupiter. Journal of Natural Sciences, 8, 16-20.
[55] Nurmammadov, M. A., et al (2021) New Mathematical Tractates about Dynamics of Great Red Spot on the Jupiter. International Journal of Physics and Astronomy, 9, 1-7.
[56] Nurmammadov, M. A., et al. (2021) A New Mathematical Justification of Necessary Criteria and Sufficient Conditions for Marinating Stability of Jupiter’s Rotational Motion around of Jupiter’s the Sun. International Journal of Current Advanced Research, 10, 12422-12428.
[57] Nurmammadov, M. A. (2022) A New Mathematical Justification for the Hydrodynamic Equilibrium of Jupiter. Open Journal of Applied Sciences, 12, 1547-1558.
[58] Nurmammadov, M. A. (2023) A New Mathematical Justification for the Hypothesis of the Longevity of Jupiter’s Great Red Spot. Open Journal of Applied Sciences, 13, 1512-1529.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Nurmammadov, M. A. (2024). New Approaches on the Theory of Planetary Sciences: Applications of Non-Classical Equations of Mathematical Physics for Plasma Models of Jupiter’s Magnetosphere. American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 11(1), 14-32. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20241101.12

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Nurmammadov, M. A. New Approaches on the Theory of Planetary Sciences: Applications of Non-Classical Equations of Mathematical Physics for Plasma Models of Jupiter’s Magnetosphere. Am. J. Astron. Astrophys. 2024, 11(1), 14-32. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaa.20241101.12

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Nurmammadov MA. New Approaches on the Theory of Planetary Sciences: Applications of Non-Classical Equations of Mathematical Physics for Plasma Models of Jupiter’s Magnetosphere. Am J Astron Astrophys. 2024;11(1):14-32. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaa.20241101.12

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.ajaa.20241101.12,
      author = {Mahammad A. Nurmammadov},
      title = {New Approaches on the Theory of Planetary Sciences: Applications of Non-Classical Equations of Mathematical Physics for Plasma Models of Jupiter’s Magnetosphere
    },
      journal = {American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics},
      volume = {11},
      number = {1},
      pages = {14-32},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajaa.20241101.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20241101.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaa.20241101.12},
      abstract = {In this paper, considered non-classical equations of mathematical physics are applied in the fields of astronomy and astrophysics in the case of plasma models of Jupiter’s magnetosphere. It is known that non-classical equations of mathematical physics have applications in gas dynamics, aerodynamics, hydrodynamics, and magneto-hydrodynamics. According to comparisons and observation results of Pioner-10, 11, and Voyager 1-2, considered mathematical models of Jupiter’s magnetosphere, which is cold plasma, as searches of Jupiter’s Io. At first, the mathematical justification of the physical process of Io concerning plasma was described by a non-classical equation of the Keldysh type. For this reason, using MHD equations for the derivation of the model equations of cold plasma and hot plasma on Jupiter’s magnetosphere. In the region tail of Jupiter given analyses of basic model equations of the Jupiter magnetosphere for the equilibrium between magnetic force, pressure gradient, and centrifugal force in the presence of plasma rotations. Additionally, based on the basic theoretical and observational results, the role of the Alfven Mach number with a constant Euler potential parameter in the region tail of Jupiter’s magnetosphere proves the justification of the steady magneto-hydrodynamic equilibrium. As agreed previously in the results of observation Voyager 1,2. Therefore, in the magnetosphere, Jupiter’s hot and cold plasma describe the same class equation of Keldysh-Tricomi types. In this case, the exact solution is obtained by integrals, which are first expressed as analytical formulas. Theoretical aspects of the model hot and cold plasma on the tail magnetosphere contain concepts of reconnection, which connects lost mass from Jupiter’s Io. Such an effect reconnection coronal problem as Parker’s also occurs by lost temperature and energy dissipation. Lorentz force, supported by means of solar wind, changes cold plasma to hot plasma in cases where a magnetic disk acts as a balancing mechanical equilibrium to retain cold-hot plasma. For motivation, both mathematical and physical, we used some figures, a table, and an appendix. Note that considered approaches to the theory of planetary sciences at first time applicable for Jupiter.
    },
     year = {2024}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - New Approaches on the Theory of Planetary Sciences: Applications of Non-Classical Equations of Mathematical Physics for Plasma Models of Jupiter’s Magnetosphere
    
    AU  - Mahammad A. Nurmammadov
    Y1  - 2024/05/24
    PY  - 2024
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20241101.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaa.20241101.12
    T2  - American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
    JF  - American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
    JO  - American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
    SP  - 14
    EP  - 32
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2376-4686
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20241101.12
    AB  - In this paper, considered non-classical equations of mathematical physics are applied in the fields of astronomy and astrophysics in the case of plasma models of Jupiter’s magnetosphere. It is known that non-classical equations of mathematical physics have applications in gas dynamics, aerodynamics, hydrodynamics, and magneto-hydrodynamics. According to comparisons and observation results of Pioner-10, 11, and Voyager 1-2, considered mathematical models of Jupiter’s magnetosphere, which is cold plasma, as searches of Jupiter’s Io. At first, the mathematical justification of the physical process of Io concerning plasma was described by a non-classical equation of the Keldysh type. For this reason, using MHD equations for the derivation of the model equations of cold plasma and hot plasma on Jupiter’s magnetosphere. In the region tail of Jupiter given analyses of basic model equations of the Jupiter magnetosphere for the equilibrium between magnetic force, pressure gradient, and centrifugal force in the presence of plasma rotations. Additionally, based on the basic theoretical and observational results, the role of the Alfven Mach number with a constant Euler potential parameter in the region tail of Jupiter’s magnetosphere proves the justification of the steady magneto-hydrodynamic equilibrium. As agreed previously in the results of observation Voyager 1,2. Therefore, in the magnetosphere, Jupiter’s hot and cold plasma describe the same class equation of Keldysh-Tricomi types. In this case, the exact solution is obtained by integrals, which are first expressed as analytical formulas. Theoretical aspects of the model hot and cold plasma on the tail magnetosphere contain concepts of reconnection, which connects lost mass from Jupiter’s Io. Such an effect reconnection coronal problem as Parker’s also occurs by lost temperature and energy dissipation. Lorentz force, supported by means of solar wind, changes cold plasma to hot plasma in cases where a magnetic disk acts as a balancing mechanical equilibrium to retain cold-hot plasma. For motivation, both mathematical and physical, we used some figures, a table, and an appendix. Note that considered approaches to the theory of planetary sciences at first time applicable for Jupiter.
    
    VL  - 11
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Department of Theoretical Astrophysics and Cosmology, Shamakhy Astrophysical Observatory after N. Tusi of the Ministry of Sciences and Education of Republic Azerbaijan, Shamakhy, Azerbaijan

  • Sections